There is a paucity of published research information on the quality of water used in the Malaysian ruminant livestock production system. Also, there are growing concerns about the sanitation standards of ruminant farms as it affects the management of wastewater in Malaysia. This study was designed to compile preliminary data on the drinking water and wastewater quality in designated dairy cattle farms in the Klang Valley. Seven dairy farms were randomly selected and visited to collect samples of drinking and wastewater for laboratory analysis. The water samples were analyzed to determine dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, salinity, electrical conductivity, turbidity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate, phosphates, total coliform count, iron, and magnesium content. The means of various parameters were compared with the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) to determine the appropriate classification. We further streamlined the rating of water quality into three broad categories, namely, good (Class I and II), moderate (Class III) and unsatisfactory (Class IV and V). Analysis of drinking water revealed 1(14.29%), 2 (28.57%), 2 (28.57%) and 2 (28.57%) farms were categorized as Class II, III, IV and V, respectively. Meanwhile, all the wastewater samples analyzed in this study were classified as Class V. This study provides preliminary data on the quality of drinking and wastewater in select dairy cattle farms in Malaysia. The obtained findings indicate that the quality of drinking water in most of the cattle farms is below the National Water Quality Standards.

Objective: This short study describes the occurrence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in two major wet markets in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: 30 rodents (20 rats and 10 shrews) were caught in 2 wet markets, and a postmortem was performed to extract both kidneys. Molecular diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to detect leptospiral DNA using universal and pathogenic Leptospira primers, respectively. Results: The results showed that 20/28 (72%) rat samples were detected positive for Leptospira spp, and all shrews were negative. Further sequencing analysis identified L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii as the most frequently Leptospirosis species from kidney samples. Conclusions: The presented study here sheds light on the presence of pathogenic leptospires har¬boring the rat population in both wet markets in Kelantan, which presents a great public health risk to wet market workers and visitors. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 275-281]