Urine activity product ratios of uric acid, sodium urate, and ammonium urate and urinary excretion of metabolites were determined in 24-hour samples produced by 6 healthy Beagles during periods of consumption of a low-protein, casein-based diet (diet A) and a high-protein, meat-based diet(diet B). Comparison of effects of diet A with those of diet B revealed: significantly lower activity product ratios of uric acid (P = 0.025), sodium urate (P = 0.045), and ammonium urate (P = 0.0045); significantly lower 24-hour urinary excretion of uric acid (P = 0.002), ammonia (P = 0.0002), sodium (P = 0.01), calcium (P = 0.005), phosphorus (P = 0.0003), magnesium (P = 0.01), and oxalic acid (P = 0.004); significantly (P = 0.0001) higher 24-hour urine pH; and significantly (P = 0.01) lower endogenous creatinine clearance. These results suggest that consumption of diet A minimizes changes in urine that predispose dogs to uric acid, sodium urate, and ammonium urate urolithiasis.

Selenium concentration was measured in paired maternal blood samples and fetal liver specimens collected at a San Joaquin County, Calif, slaughterhouse (beef = 19, dairy = 54) and from bovine aborted fetuses submitted to the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS; beef = 20, dairy = 20). Of the slaughterhouse samples and specimens, dairy maternal blood selenium concentration was significantly (P < 0.001) higher (mean +/- SD; 0.22 +/- 0.056 micrograms/ml) than that for beef breeds (0.137 +/- 0.082 micrograms/ml). The CVDLS mean maternal blood selenium concentration for the dairy-breed samples (0.192 +/- 0.028 micrograms/ml) was similar to that for the slaughterhouse dairy-breed samples, but was greater than that for the slaughterhouse beef-breed samples. Slaughterhouse mean fetal liver selenium content also was higher (P < 0.001) for the dairy breeds (0.777 +/- 0.408 micrograms/g), compared with the beef breeds (0.443 +/- 0.038 micrograms/g). Mean fetal liver selenium content for slaughterhouse specimens was higher (P < 0.002) than that for the CVDLS specimens (beef, 0.244 +/- 0.149 micrograms/g; dairy, 0.390 +/- 0.165 micrograms/g). At the CVDLS, dairy fetal liver content was greater (P < 0.001) than that for beef breeds. Mean ratio of fetal liver selenium content to maternal blood selenium concentration was 3.53 +/- 1.89 for dairy breeds at the slaughterhouse (liver-to-blood correlation [r] = 0.38), and was 2.11 +/- 1.00 for dairy breeds at the CVDLS (r = 0.31) and 3.43 +/- 1.50 for beef breeds (r = 0.58). Both slaughterhouse breed ratios were significantly (P < 0.002) greater than the CVDLS dairy-breed ratio. On the basis of these results, breed and source location should be taken into account when interpreting selenium values. Fetal liver selenium content should only be used as a screening test and combined with whole blood selenium concentration from clinically normal herdmates to evaluate herd selenium status.

Pathophysiologic effects of Ostertagia ostertagi infection and their prevention by strategic anthelmintic treatments were studied in 3 groups each of 6 steer calves. Group-1 calves were noninfected controls. Group-2 calves were inoculated with 100,000 third-stage larvae on the 1st and 28th days of the experiment and grazed on pasture initially free of contamination. Group-3 calves were on a similar regimen as those in group 2, but were also treated with ivermectin 9 days after each larval inoculation. Group-2 calves had increased plasma pepsinogen and gastrin values and decreased weight gains, and total serum protein and albumin concentrations from the 2nd week of infection onward. They were anemic at 10 to 12 weeks and had lower carcass and meat quality at slaughter. Strategic anthelmintic treatments were effective in preventing these effects and calves in groups 1 and 3 had similar performances. On the basis of our findings, high pepsinogen values were related to worm burdens, whereas high gastrin concentrations were related to gastric lesions.

Tissue specimens from muscle, liver, kidney, and injection sites were collected, and serum was obtained from 3 calves euthanatized on each of posttreatment days 5 and 22. Calves were treated with 6.7, 13.4, or 20 mg of oxytetracycline (OTC)/kg of body weight, IM, once daily for 3 days; these dosages are 1, 2, and 3 times the label dose, respectively. One control calf was euthanatized on each of posttreatment days 5 and 22. In treated male calves killed 2 days after the last injection, OTC residues were detected in all tissues and serum, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Tissues from all injection sites also were considered positive for antimicrobial residues, using swab test on premises (STOP), microbial inhibition test (MIT), and thin-layer chromatography-biautography (TLCB) test. Kidney tissues from a calf given 13.4 mg of OTC/kg and kidney and liver tissues from a calf given 20 mg of OTC/kg also were considered positive, using the MIT and TLCB. Results of the STOP only were considered positive for the liver and kidney of a calf given 20 mg of OTC/kg, but substitution of Saskatoon antibiotic medium-3 for the original medium (antibiotic medium-5) allowed the STOP to detect residues in these tissues from all treated calves. In female calves killed 19 days after the last injection, the STOP, MIT, and TLCB procedures revealed positive results for tissues from some injection sites, but revealed negative results for other tissues. High-performance liquid chromatographic analyses detected OTC in tissues from injection sites from all treated calves, in muscle and liver from a calf given 20 mg of OTC/kg, and in kidneys from calves given 13.4 or 20 mg of OTC/kg. The STOP, MIT, and TLCB procedures lacked the sensitivity of high-performance liquid chromatography for detection of OTC residues. However, the STOP procedure with Saskatoon antibiotic medium-3 did perform appropriately in that it failed to detect label doses in tissues from injection sites, but did detect 2 and 3 times extralabel doses after the recommended withdrawal time, and results were considered positive for all tissues after 2 days of withdrawal. A significant (P less than 0.05) loss of OTC was not observed after samples were stored at -20 C for 80 days. The highest concentration of OTC residues persisted in kidneys and tissues from injection sites.

Comparision of the carcass traits and sensory properties of meat between different genetic groups of guinea fowl and broiler chickens at 16 weeks ofa gerevealed that the dressing and eviscerated weight percentage of broiler chickens were significantly lower from that all the guinea fowl groups, except from that of Pearl, where the differences were not significant. Percent giblet weight was lower (P of weeks 16 at meat raw properties sensory their in chickens broiler than grades higher scored fowls guinea general, In weights. wing and leg cent per for except ofcarcass cuts birds groups between observed were differences No cross. ofLXP that from only significant but (67.77%), lowest also was yield Similarly, fowls.

Different selective culture media were evaluated for isolation of Aeromonas spp. from 120 poultry meat samples. The recovery ofAeromonas isolates was highest fromAmpicillin DextrinAgar (89.39%), followed by Aeromonas Starch DNAse agar (68.18 %) andAeromonas isolation media (18.18 %).

Meat tenderization is the disruption of meat structure, breaking the collagen subsequently resulting in good palatability and acceptance by consumer. Tenderization could be achieved by the traditional method of ripening for a long period in controlled temperature with due precautions to prevent meat spoilage. In this process endogenous muscle enzymes viz. calpains, cathepsins and caspases are responsible for proteolysis of muscle. Other processes adopted for tenderization include use of electricity, heat, physical force (hydrostatic pressure), ultrasonic waves, shock waves in water (hydrodyne), enzyme action, use of vitamins, ionic compounds, mineral salts, and chemical compounds. The electrical stimulus of low voltage is more popular than high voltage due to the cost involved. Like endogenous enzymes, plant based exogenous enzymes also cause tenderization, but their activity should be monitored to avoid over-tenderization. Chemicals, vitamins and ionic compounds activate the calcium-dependent proteases and lysosomal enzymes, which are responsible for tenderization.&nbsp;

Objective: The study aimed to determine the effect of giving concentrate protein from closed-house (CP-CH) broiler farm waste in rations on the meat quality (physical-chemical) and blood profile of landrace crossbreed pigs. Materials and Methods: The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treat¬ments and 4 replications with 12 finisher-phase landrace pigs with an average body weight of 63.42 ± 2.39 kg. The treatments were: A (control): use of 0% CP-CH + 24% CP-152 concentrate; B: 12% CP-CH + 12% CP-152 concentrate; and C: 24% CP-CH + 0% CP-152 concentrate. The research parameters were meat quality (physical-chemical meat) and blood lipid profile [total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TGs)]. Results: The results showed that treatment group B obtained physical meat quality (pH, drip loss, cooking loss, and water holding capacity) and meat chemical quality (moisture, protein, fat, and ash content) that were almost the same as the control (p &gt; 0.05). By administering 24% CP-CH + 0% CP-152 (C) concentrate, there was a significant decrease in the physical and chemical quality of crossbreed landrace pigs (p &lt; 0.05). Administration of CP-CH at 12%–24% did not affect total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, or blood TGs in landrace-crossbreed pigs. Conclusion: Giving 12% CP-CH (B) obtained meat quality (physical and chemical) almost the same as the control group. Treatment group C significantly reduced the physical and chemical quality of the meat. Administration of CP-CH at 12%–24% did not affect the blood profile of landrace crosses. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10(4.000): 579-586]

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were presented the results of a veterinary and sanitary assessment and bacteriological investigation of sheep slaughter products, which showed meat serviceability for consumption after application of Triclafen suspension. Application Triclafen suspension did not render negative influence on an organism of animals. It was proved by organoleptic and laboratory research of meat of slaughter animals of experimental and control groups. The meat obtained from healthy sheep which were administrated the suspension in accordance with microbiological indicators proved to be of good quality and corresponded to the established norms (Sanitary regulations and standards 11 - 63 Republic of Belarus 98): it had the general bacterial content within admissible limits and did not contain agents of anthropozoonosts, alimentary toxicosis and toxinfections and it can be sold without any restrictions.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized a complex of studies of quality swine slaughter products against the background of combine applications of the albuminous-vitamin-mineral additive Immovit and an extract of hill-growing saltwort for the preventive maintenance and treatment of a toxic dystrophy of liver. Research results showed the analysed preparations did not render negative influence on quality and safety of produced meat products. Against the background of application of the albuminous-vitamin-mineral additive Immovit in combination with an extract of hill-growing saltwort there was stated the improvement of swine slaughter product quality. In products from the animals which were administrated with a complex of examined preparations there was stated an optimized moisture content, the increasing of a relative biological value of a product (101,3-103,8%), and according to the indexes of bacterial safety the experimental pork considerably surpassed the meat indexes from animals of control groups. At the same time, in slaughter animal products of control groups there were revealed coliform bacillus bacteria.