There was studied a preventive efficiency of complex additive Felutsen and its influences on the metabolic status of pregnant dry cows and the indicators characterizing animal yield, received from these cows. Felutsen is the carbon-vitamin-mineral additive containing a complex of carbohydrates, vitamins A, D, Е, micro-and macro elements (sodium, chlorine, calcium (Сa), phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), sulfurs, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, selenium, iodine) in number of 300g/animal. At cows after calving metabolism disorders are caused by disorders of liver functional activity. Application of complex additive Felutsen to pregnant dry cow allows to carry out successfully preventive maintenance of metabolism disorders, including micro-and macro element metabolism. Use of Felutsen is effective preventive maintenance of pre-natal development disorders of calves, developments of oligotrophy in the postnatal period, raises safety and growth intensity of increase. The most considerable distinctions are revealed in group of cows at which the additive was applied in the form of a briquette to which there was an easy approach. In the tabular form the indicators characterizing the basic metabolic processes, an exchange of macro elements and microelements at cows are presented at application of this additive, and also body weight, disease and safety of the calves received from cows control and test groups. | Целью работы стало изучение профилактической эффективности комплексной добавки Фелуцен и её влияния на метаболический статус стельных сухостойных коров и показатели, характеризующие приплод, получаемый от этих коров. Фелуцен – это углеродно-витаминно-минеральная добавка, содержащая комплекс углеводов, витаминов А, Д, Е, микро- и макроэлементов (натрий, хлор, кальций (Сa), фосфор (Р), магний (Mg), серу, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, селен, йод) в количестве 300 г/животное. У коров после отёла нарушения метаболизма обуславливаются нарушениями функциональной активности печени. Применение комплексной добавки Фелуцен стельным сухостойным коровам позволяет успешно проводить профилактику обменных нарушений, в том числе и обмена макро- и микроэлементов. Использование Фелуцена является эффективной профилактикой нарушений внутриутробного развития телят, развития гипотрофии в постнатальный период, повышает сохранность и интенсивность роста приплода. Наиболее значительные различия выявлены в группе коров, у которых добавка применялась в виде брикета, к которому был свободный доступ. В табличной форме представлены показатели, характеризующие основные метаболические процессы, обмен макро- и микроэлементов у коров при применении этой добавки, а также живую массу, заболеваемость и сохранность телят, полученных от коров контрольной и опытных групп.

Development of new compositions of premixes for cows with milk yield of 4-5 thousands kg per lactation depending on lactation stage and pregnancy was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Efficiency of application of premixes in comparison with the standard ones was estimated. Experiment was realized by an example of 3 groups of cows of white-and-black breed; experimental period included beginning milking period (90 days) and the main lactation period (142 days). Cows of the first control group were given premix P60-6M with combined feed. Animals of the second group were fed with premixes created on the basis of carotene and microelements content. Cows of the third group were given premixes in accordance with recommended standards. The refined standards of cow vitamin and trace elements consumption were presented. Formulas of premixes for high-producing cows were presented. The research results showed that the developed formulas corresponded to the physiological needs and their application influenced on metabolism and milk producing ability. Application of experimental premixes made it possible to increase the digestibility of nutritive substancesoin 2,3-7,5%. Application of vitamins and trace elements in heightened doses (on 10-30%) caused the increasing of their uptake and increasing of cuprum, zinc, manganese and cobalt content in blood on 11,6-40,8%

Creation of a composition for disinfection of livestock houses which possessed an expressed sanitizing action and was safe for livestock animals after the repeated application was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Formula of the presented the following components: potassium persulphate, amber and citric acids, sodium dodecyl sulfate. For strengthening of disinfecting effect there was also used detergent – sodium dodecyl sulfate (lauryl). Rational balance of components was selected and bactericidal properties of the preparation were estimated at the first stage of the study. At the second stage there was estimated theinfluence of the composition on livestock animals after the repeated aerosol spraying at their presence, as well as the biochemical, morphological and immunological blood indexes of experimental animals. Toxicity of the composition was realized by an example on white mice and rabbits. Research results showed that the composition for disinfection created on the basis of potassium persulphate and organic acids in the presented concentrations rendered the expressed bactericidal action, did not influence on metabolic indexes, had not skin and skin-resorptive action and could be used for air disinfection and surface areas of livestock houses in animal presence

The influence of iron deficiency state on metabolic processes and intensity of lipids peroxidation processes at dawn-calving cows was analysed in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. In course of study there was determined the intensity of lipids peroxidation processes in blood plasm depending on the level of hemoglobin and red blood corpuscle quantity. It was studied that in animals with low hemoglobin the oxidizing stress proceeded more actively than in animals with the normal hemoglobin level. Data analysis of lipids peroxidation processes showed that pregnancy condition was accompanied by strengthening of mentioned above processes. That fact was proved by the indicators of lipids peroxide oxidations presented both in absolute and in relative units. The content of diene conjugates, containing in 1 mg of lipids, was in 1,3-1,8 times higher at pregnant cows in comparison with non-pregnant ones, trieneketones content - in 1,2-1,6 times. Similar differences were observed in the process of analysis of diene conjugates and trieneketones values rated per 1 ml of plasma. More considerable differences were stated for trieneketones; the analysed indicator was in 1,6-2,1 times higher at pregnant cows

The influence of various light regimes on productive indices of broiler chickens cultivation of СОВВ cross taking into consideration the course of some exchange processes was studied in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. There were formed 4 groups of one-day-old chickens with the approximately identical body weight. For the chickens of a control group there was used the standard for Belarusian poultry farms light regime, i.e. 23 hours of light and 1 hour of darkness (23L:1D), in three experimental groups there were used the following light regimes: first - (3L:1D) х 6, second - (2L:1D) х 8, third - (1L:1D) х 12. The predetermined conditions were set by means of filament lamps with 15 W capacity. Throughout the whole experiment there was realized the identical feeding level for all groups: during the first growing period (1-30 days) chickens were fed with mixed fodder PK 5B containing 22% of crude protein and 296,6 kcal of exchange energy, during second period (31-42 days) - PC 6B containing 20% of crude protein and 332,2 kcal. In the applied mixed fodders there was used enzyme Rovabio. Research results showed that metabolic processes occurring in chicken body in the majority opf cases depended on application of various light regimes. Interchange of light and darkness periods (3 hours of light and 1 hour of darkness) х 6 at light exposure in 15 lk rendered the positive effect on the activity of endocrine systems of chickens of СОВВ crosses. In mentioned above group of chickens the hormones directed their metabolic processes towards increasing the productive indices, namely: daily average gain of chickens of the first group was authentically higher than the same index in the second and the third groups on 13,6% and 17,9%, respectively

The metabolism disorders of subclinical nature in pregnant cows are characterized with intoxication processes development, swift of acid - alkaline balance and cytolyses activation. The listed factors promote occurrence of neonatal pathology - congenital calve hypotrophy. Degree of display of the given pathology depends on severity level of the metabolism disorders in pregnant dry cows. In the tabular form results of the spent haemotological and biochemical research are presented: haemotological and biochemical indicators of blood pregnant dry cows for the 14-21 day prior to assumed calving; haemotological, biochemical and immunologic indicators of blood of newborn calves with various degree of antenatal hypotrophy. | Нарушение обмена веществ субклинической природы у стельных сухостойных коров характеризуется развитием интоксикационных процессов, сдвигом кислотно-щелочного равновесия и активацией цитолиза. Перечисленные факторы способствуют возникновению неонатальной патологии - врожденной гипотрофии телят. Степень проявления данной патологии зависит от степени тяжести нарушения обмена веществ у стельных сухостойных коров. В табличной форме представлены результаты проведенных гематологических и биохимических исследований: гематологические и биохимические показатели крови стельных сухостойных коров за 14-21 день до предполагаемого отела; гематологические, биохимические и иммунологические показатели крови новорожденных телят с различной степенью антенатального недоразвития.

The research directed on perfection of a cattle protein food system, taking into account its fractional structure, and also establishment of objective indicators of an estimation of forage protein nutrient density, have great value. It is established, that for young growth of cattle of 4-6 months of age the optimum parity of decomposable and un-decomposable protein in rations corresponds to size 68:32, allowed to raise digestibility of nutrients on 3-4%, nitrogen adjournment in an organism of animals on 10% and daily average a gain on 4% in comparison with parity 80:20. The optimum parity of fractional structure of protein makes positive impact on oxidation-reduction processes in organism to what testifies morphological-biochemical structure of blood. Thus concentration of crude protein raises on 1,7%, urea quantity decreases on 23%. The least cost price of a gain has appeared in group with a parity of decomposable and un-decomposable protein in rations 68:32, or it is better on 4,4% than an indicator of group with a parity 80:20%

Nowadays in connection with an interdiction for antibiotics use in animal feeding it is very actual to work out and apply new forms of probiotic preparations which should be as ecologically safe and harmless both to people and animal products. Probiotics make it possible to improve the digestibility of nutritive substances of forages, normalize metabolism, enrich with biologically active substances that promotes the increasing of their productivity. In the Republic of Belarus the probiotics are produced in the obviously insufficient quantity that creates problems of young stock livability. Influence of application of Akozil and Sublicin probiotics in diets of suckling calves on biochemical parameters of blood serum was analysed. It was stated that use of the analysed probiotics made it possible to decrease the level of urea and total cholesterol, to increase of the total protein content in blood serum of the experimental calves. There was noted the increasing of glucose level in blood serum of calves fed with Akozil. There was marked the tendency of more optimal level of calcium and phosphorus in calves having Sublicin in their diets. The obtained results testified the normalization of metabolic processes taking place in calves which were fed by the mentioned above probiotics