Vitamin C supplementation is important for the growth and development of bullfrog tadpoles under optimum water temperature conditions. Therefore, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the diet of bullfrog tadpoles at a low temperature. A total of 480 tadpoles with a mean weight of 0.078 g were distributed in 12 aquariums each containing 40 L of water in a closed water recirculation system. The experimental design was entirely randomized with four treatments (0, 150, 300, and 600 mg kg-1 of L-ascorbic acid monophosphate) and three replicates. The productive performance was measured by the weight gain, feed conversion, diet consumption, protein efficiency, carcass yield, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, visceral fat index, dry matter, and ethereal carcass extract. The water temperature during the experimental period was 21.74 ± 0.43 °C. Vitamin C supplementation did not influence carcass yield and viscerosomatic index. However, there was a quadratic effect of vitamin C supplementation on the weight gain, apparent feed conversion, protein efficiency, visceral fat index, hepatosomatic index, and ethereal carcass extract. Based on these results, bullfrog tadpoles should be supplemented with 600 mg vitamin C kg-1 of the diet when subjected to water temperatures of around 22 °C.

Feed quality very depends on changes in the weather where in short rainy conditions the feed is abundant, mean while, long dry conditions cause feed availability to be limited. One of the abundant feeds is rice straw, but the use of rice straw needs to be considered for its nutritional content, thus its utilization requires to be processed first. This study aimed to utilize local microorganisms (MOL) of Bali cattle rumen fluid at different inoculum levels on the quality of fermented rice straw silage to over come feed shortages in dryland. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications, namely R0: Rice Straw + Rice Bran 10% + molasses 3% (Without MOL of cattle  rumen fluid/control); R1 : Rice Straw + Rice Bran 10% + molasses 3% + MOL of cattle  rumen fluid 5%; R2 : Rice Straw + Rice Bran 10% + molasses 3% + MOL of cattle  rumen fluid 10%; R3: Rice Straw + Rice Bran 10% + molasses 3% + MOL of cattle  rumen fluid 15%. The percentage of molasses and cattle  rumen fluid was adjusted to the weight of chopped rice straw. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (Anova). The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the organoleptic quality (color, texture, smell, presence of fungi and pH) and organic matter, crude protein, extract eter, crude fiber, carbohydrate, nitrogen free extract and gross energy (nutritional content) of rice straw silage, dry matter and gross energy had no significant effect (P>0.05). It can be concluded that the higher MOL of cattle  rumen fluid level use, the greater organoleptic quality and nutritional content of rice straw silage obtained

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that results in hyperglycemia by absolute or relative insulin deficiency, sometimes leading to fatal complications. The successful treatment of diabetic dogs depends on nutritional management and insulin applications. Studies evaluating the nutrition of diabetic dogs focused on fiber as the main factor in glycemic control; however, new research describes the role of starch as key in postprandial glycemic fluctuation, also attributing a central role for body condition scores and feed management in the adequate glycemic control of diabetic dogs. The aim of this paper is to review nutritional aspects to better control diabetes in dogs.

The present study aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of production and commercialization project of Hay Enriched Extruded (HEE) as a complete diet for horses. The study was based on survey data and quotation activities involving price from the land preparation (repair, planting and fertilization) to the processing of the product at the factory (extrusion) and marketing. Transportation costs and taxes were also considered. Discounted Cash Flow (30 years) was used to calculate the profitability indicator and the Profit and Loss Statement (PLS). Calculations were developed using Microsoft Office Excel® spreadsheets. Three production scenarios were simulated with different consumer prices: Scenario 1 - equivalent to the complete diet, where the ingredients are supplied together, but purchased separately; Scenario 2 - Considering a value 10% higher than the complete diet; Scenario 3 - Considering a value 20% higher than the complete diet. We observed that the project was economically viable in the three suggested scenarios with positive Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return greater than 9.4% and payback of 11 to 2 years. The results enable us to conclude that the product may be a promising investment for both product quality and ease of use as the rapid return on invested capital.

Indigenous sheep are highly adaptable and widely distributed in different regions of Bangladesh. They are famous for their tolerance to harsh environmental conditions, low demand for feed, and disease resistance with minimum or no housing and management facilities. Ample indiscrimi¬nate research reports and case studies on the native sheep of Bangladesh have been published. Nonetheless, a comprehensive review of reproductive and productive performances, as well as their various morphometric physiognomies and climate resilience capabilities, is lacking. This review was designed to explore and summarize the available research reports on indigenous sheep to highlight the gaps and provide an updated database for the future research plan for sustainable native sheep production in Bangladesh. It covers studies on sheep biodiversity, their adaptabil¬ity to the local environment, morphometric features, feeding and nutrition, reproduction and production performances, diseases and health management, and the problems and prospects of sheep farming in Bangladesh. Due to the increased demand for animal protein, especially red meat, the scope of sheep farming increases along with that of other large and small ruminants. The vital constraints of sheep production in Bangladesh include insufficient feed and fodder sup¬ply with its high prices, higher disease occurrence with low or no management practices, kid mortality, and a poor marketing channel with the lower popularity of sheep meat than goat meat. Future research would be a prerequisite to measuring the impact of native sheep on household economies and food security during the year, evaluating the other challenges, and finding out the possible interventions in the fields of nutrition, reproduction, and health management. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(4.000): 649-662]

The domestic rabbit is a commonly kept pet in many countries, including Norway. This study aimed to survey the current health and welfare of pet rabbits in Norway based on recommendations for rabbit keeping put forth by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Veterinary Institute. An online questionnaire consisting of 65 questions was shared online. Data collection lasted from March to May of 2021 and yielded 513 responses from pet rabbit owners representing all Norwegian counties. Forty-five percent of the rabbits were female, 53.6% were male and most of the rabbits (76.0%) were neutered. Almost all rabbits (97.5%) had permanent access to hay. Complete pelleted feed was the most fed concentrate (n=492, 95.9%). Almost all rabbits (96.9%) were reported to be healthy at the current moment. Of the surveyed disease conditions, constipation (19.7%), diarrhoea (12.3%), and reduced appetite (17.9%) were the most common. Dental disease was reported in 29 rabbits (5.7%). The veterinarian was a source of information for 49.1% of rabbit owners. Most rabbits (86.2%) were kept in a living space above the recommended 200x300 cm. Although keeping conditions were reported to be of a high standard, pet rabbits were still suffering from preventable husbandry-related diseases. Education of rabbit owners is an important task of the veterinarian and should focus especially on feeding habits, and owner recognition of rabbit behaviour and diseases.

Objective: The study aims to understand the effect of new antibiotic-substituting supplements in feeding chickens of the Hisex Brown cross in industrial conditions. Materials and Methods: A total of 216 hatched chicks were randomly selected and distributed into Control, Test I, and Test II groups, with 3 replicates of 24 birds in three treatments. Results: At the end of the experiment, BW of T1/T2 birds was higher by 6.12% (p [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 429-438]

CRISPR-associated proteins and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas) technology has emerged as a groundbreaking advancement in animal and poultry nutrition to improve feed conversion efficiency, enhance disease resistance, and improve the nutritional quality of animal products. Despite significant advancements, there is a research gap in the systematic understanding and comprehensive use of the CRISPR-Cas method in animal and poultry nutrition. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the latest advancements in animal and poultry nutrition through CRISPR-Cas genome editing technology, focusing on gene manipulation in metabolism, immunity, and growth. Following preferred reporting items in meta-analysis and systematic reviews guidelines, we conducted a systematic search using several databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, until May 2024, and finally, we included a total of 108 articles in this study. This article explores the use of the CRISPR-Cas system in the advancement of feed additives like probiotics and enzymes, which could reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production. Furthermore, the article discusses ethical and regulatory issues related to gene editing in animal and poultry nutrition, including concerns about animal welfare, food safety, and environmental impacts. Overall, the CRISPR-Cas system holds substantial promise to overcome the challenges in modern animal agriculture. By enriching the nutritional quality of animal products, increasing disease resistance, and improving feed efficiency, it offers sustainable and cost-effective solutions that can revolutionize animal and poultry nutrition [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 483-493]