In the process of monogastric animal feeding, including pigs, the special role is played by the quality of coarse grain crops as they compose 70-75% of swine ration structure. Determination of fodder productive effect on fattening swine was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The basis of the analyzed fodder was formed by fodder grain of extra fine grade. Research results showed the following: inclusion of extra fine grade barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) (chosen in accordance with the standard of the Republic of Belarus) into all-in-one mixed fodders SK-26 and SK-31 for fattening swine made it possible to obtain higher productive capacity of the experimental animals in comparison with the identical mixed fodders containing barley and wheat of other grades (chosen in accordance with All-Union State Standard 28672-90); in the experimental groups the average daily weight gain in course of the fattening period was on 34 grams higher, and the average selling weight of 1 head - on 4,1 kg than in the control group. Swine which were fed with the presented mixed fodders with grain extra fine grade showed fewer deviations from the rated value of metabolism (blood serum protein and its fractions, calcium, phosphorus, acid capacity) in comparison with the control groups

Research of possibility of application of sapropel (putrid mud) of the Chervonnoe lake (the Republic of Belarus) in diets of bred and milking sows as one of the ingredients of mixed fodders, as well as the evaluation of its influence of sow development and digestibility of nutritive elements were studied. Application of dry sapropel a source of energy, protein, mineral and vitamin nutritive elements for mixed fodder production rendered the positive influence on sows productive qualities: there was stated the increased number of born piglets on o,5 heads with a higher growing capacity; there was noted the increasing of coefficients of nutritive elements metabolism (crude protein – on 2,7%, crude fat – on 2,9%, free-nitrogen extracts – on 1,3%, and dietary fibre – jn 4,7%) with the simultaneous increasing of nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous uptake by sows. Nutritional value of the analysed sapropel was 0,23 fodder units and 3,13 MJ of exchange energy per 1 kg of dry matter. Inclusion of 3% sapropel into mixed fodders for pregnant and suckling sows promoted the increasing of quantity of pigs at a birth, body weight of one pig to 3-week age and has ensured young growth with higher energy of growth. Use of sapropel in mixed fodders for sows makes active a metabolism and promotes increase of digestibility of the basic nutrients of a rations

Results of determination of yielding capacity, chemical composition of initial weight and silage quality of forages prepared from the binary mixtures of Japanese millet (Panicum curs-galli var. frumentaceum), millet (Panicum) and saccharine sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum) realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus were presented. Research results showed that the binary mixture of saccharine sorghum with blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) in ratio of 70% + 30%, respectively made it possible to obtain the highest efficiency (62,4 t/ha of green material, 15,1 t/ha of dry matter, 13,1 t/ha of fodder units). Mixed sowing of millet, Japanese millet and saccharine sorghum with blue lupine surpassed in productivity the single-crop sowing on 15,5-32,6%. It was established, that the silage produced from the mixture of sorghum and Japanese millet with lupine had higher energy and protein nutritive value: 0,86 and 0,98 fodder unit, respectively; 9,77 and 9,92 mJ of exchange energy per 1 kg of dry matter, respectively; 103, 3 and 108,4 grams of digestible protein per 1 fodder unit. High nutritive value and the best palatability of trial silos promoted the increasing of milk yield on 4,4-5,4% in comparison with the control tests. Haylage which was produced from drought resistant crops had high energy nutritive value: per 1 kg of dry matter there was noted 9,40-9,48 mJ of available energy, 0,89-0,94 fodder units with fodder unit provision with 102-114 grams of digestible protein

In the conditions of application of enzyme preparations there is the possibility of inclusion into mixed fodders structure of such cheap fodder grains as rye. Determination of the optimal dose of introduction of the liquid enzymatic fodder additive (xylanase – 8800 units; phytase – 600 units; cellulose – 880 units; r-gluco – 4000 units; a- amylase – 200 units) and its influence on stores productivity during the completion of growing and fattening periods was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Research results showed the following: inclusion into mixed fodders of the increased amount of rye grain (without the enzyme additive) for stores feeding during the completion of growing (20%) and fattening (30%) periods did not render negative influence on experimental animals; the optimal dose of the trial enzyme for stores during the completion of growing period - (SK-21 including rye grain - 20%) was 200 ml per 1 t of mixed fodders; the optimal dose of the trial enzyme for stores during the fattening period (KDS-26 including rye -30%) was 150 ml per 1 t of mixed fodders. Application of the experimental fodder additive promoted the increasing live weight gain. There was noted the tendency of the positive influence of the analyzed enzyme on dry and organic matter, fat, dietary fibre and nitrogen-free extractive substances digestibility

Determination of the optimal doses of selenium inclusion into premix structure for breeding boars for the maintenance of their higher producing capacity was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Selenium lack in boar rations caused the degenerative changes in seminal glands, low male germ cells concentration and lowering of spermatozoon motility, which subsequently decreased their producing efficiency. Research showed, that selenium inclusion in premix KS-1 structure in quantity of 30 mg per 1 kg in comparison with premix in 20 mg dose have improved the yielding productivity of mature boars: the average quantity of male germ cells per one ejaculate increased on 17,2%, the average quantity of born pigs from per one sow increased on 4,8%. The additional profit per one boar was on 6,06% higher than in control experiment

Appraisement of new mixed fodder formulas for the fattening performance test was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus by the example prevailing in the country Large White breed. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) proved to be one of the main components in swine feeding in Belarus. Forage wheat in mixed fodders for the fattening performance served a basic energy source and contained less dietary fibre than barley, as well as less concentration of antinutrients which interfere with digestion of rations than others crops (rye, triticale). Soybean and sunflower oil meal were included into analysed mixed fodders as the protein sources. Application of new mixed fodder formulas for fattening control realization according to the technical specifications of the Republic of Belarus 600039106.044 - 2007 was realized by the example of gilts of pigs of Large White breed. Research results showed that new studied formulas made it possible to obtain the higher intensity of swine development indices (on 52-72 grams) in comparison with the traditional formulas of mixed fodders (technical specifications of the Republic of Belarus 06093149.065-2000). New mixed fodder recipes did not render harmful effect on health and safety of livestock. At the same time, the analysed recipes of mixed fodders did not authentically influence the carcass indicators (carcass length, fat thickness, loin eye area, ham weight, slaughter yield)

Traditional raw materials in Belarus for mixed fodders production are wheat, barley, oats, rye, peas, lupine, sunflower and rape cakes, bran. However, productive action of these forages is limited because of presence of antinutritious factors and the raised cellulose content. In the Republic of Belarus there was organized production of national enzyme fodder additive Fekord 2004. Peculiar feature of the presented enzyme complex was addition of into its structure of enzyme glucoamylase, promoting hydrolytic starch splitting, and accordingly, the increasing of absorbency of difficult carbohydrates of forages. It was especially important for stores at early stages. Thereupon it was expedient to study the efficiency of application specified multienzyme composition in diets of growing and fattened stores. It was established, that enrichment of mixed fodder with the analysed fodder fermental additive at the rate of 0,13 and 0,15 kg per ton of mixed fodder made it possible to increase the growth rate of pigs and lower charges for forages per unit of body weight gain. Higher economic return on the fodder enzymic additive an additional gain of body weight appeared at its introduction in quantity of 0,15 kg per ton of mixed fodder

In animal feeding technology much attention is given to application of biologically active substances for metabolism stimulation. One of such biologically active substances is carnitine, an anabolic preparation of nonhormonal nature, cofactor in system of oxidation of fat acids. It participates in processes of acetylation at oxidation of fat acids together with acyl-CoA and other enzymes, promotes carrying over of cytoplasmatic Coa-derivatives of fat acids inside mitochondrions. It increases absorption speed from a digestive path of nutrients of forage, raises use of fat acids for the power purposes. Under its influence synthesis of triglycerides decreases and synthesis of phospho-lipids increases. Carnitine also protects cells against toxic accumulation of components of acyl-CoA of endogenic or exogenous origins, such as acylic groups of carnitine ethers which then can pass into liver for dissimilation or in kidneys for allocation in urine. Carnitine synthesis satisfies body requirements, but in the conditions of a hightened stress, high productivity, as well as in the conditions of lowered carnitine content in forage or in the conditions of the increased content of fats it should be applied as additive to diet. As a result of the realized study it was established, that the optimal quantity of carnitine application in diets for stores husbandry and fattening is dose of 50 g/t of mixed fodders. Application of carnitine in an optimum dose renders the positive impact on animal organism, promotes the increasing average daily weight gain on 5,1% (Р less than 0,001). Application of carnitine in diets of swine stores increases a slaughter yield on 2,1%, meat content per carcass - on 2,3%, a loin eye area - on 8,8%. Carnitine application in a dose 50 g/t of mixed fodders makes it possible to receive the additional profit at a rate of 4,57 USD per 1 head

In the Republic of Belarus the grain part of mixed fodders is basically formed by the following cereal cultures: wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), oat (Avena saliva) and triticale. Rye is applied in the limited quantity in pig feeding despite all its advantages: large areas of cultivation, stable yielding capacity, low requirements to growing conditions, possibility to obtain ecologically clean production, low prime cost of grain. Rye in swine diets forms viscous solutions which break digestion process, worsen their fixation and accordingly reduce animal weight gain. Also, it was determined that rye grain had high quantity of pentosans (non-starch polysaccharides) which suppress the overall digestibility and accessibility of proteins. One of the methods of decreasing the negative influence of anti-nutritional properties of rye on pig organism and improving its digestibility is the application of fodder enzyme additives. In course of the realized investigation there was analyzed the influence of foreign fodder additives on rye-containing (Sk-21 – 10% and SK-26 – 20%) diets in swine rations. The following enzyme additives were analyzed: Rovabio TM Excel (France); Finase TM (Germany); Avizyme and Porzyme 8100 TM (United Kingdom). Application of enzyme additives Avizyme, Rovabio and Finase in mixed fodders containing rye (SK-21 - 10% of rye) for pigs at the age of 50-107 days made it possible to increase live weight on 16,8-21,7% and lower expenses for forages (fodder units) per 1kg of weight gain on - 12,3-18,2%. Intensity of live weight gain from 50-day up to 190-days age was the following: in a control group -80,8 kg, in the first experimental group fed with Rovabio - 88,6 kg, in the second experimental group fed with Avizyme - 89,7 kg, in the third experimental group fed with Finase - 84,6 kg. Research results showed that enzymes Avizyme and Rovabio rendered the highest influence on mixed fodders containing rye (SK-21 - 10% of rye and SK-26 - 20% of rye)