Ensuring food safety and strict hygienic practices adopted across the meat industry's whole supply chain is a primary responsibility of the food safety sector. Monitoring the sanitary status of the retailed meat products is necessary to complete this task. Meat products including luncheon, sausage, burger, and minced meat retailed in Sharkia governorate, Egypt, were evaluated for hygiene indicators such as total bacterial counts (TBC), total coliforms counts (TCC), total Staphylococcus aureus (TSC), and total mold counts (TMC). Furthermore, isolation of some pathogenic microorganisms such as Salmonella spp., and Listeria spp., was done. The results showed varying rates of microbial contamination in the examined meat products. Minced meat was generally the most contaminated with microorganisms. Salmonella spp., and Listeria spp., were isolated from the examined samples at varying rates. In conclusion, to produce meat products of excellent keeping quality, it is strongly advised to follow stringent hygiene procedures when handling meat from the time of slaughter and though out all manufacture process

In recent years there has been a dramatic development for multidrug-resistant and disinfectant-resistant bacteria in poultry farms, to investigate the current prevalence and losses associated with these phenomena, Samples from chicks were taken from 3 poultry stations A, B, and C beside broiler hatcheries (newly hatched chicks). Newly hatched chicks were monitored for Clinical signs, postmortem examination, and performance and mortality rate for one week old. All newly hatched chicks showed the appearance of gasped chicks with low vitality and the rates of gasping increased at the farm level with increased mortality from 8.8 %- 15.5% in the first week. Postmortem examination revealed the presence of nephritis with urate deposition in the ureter, air vasculitis with the appearance of a nodule, a large gall bladder, and a cecum with a greenish color. E. coli was recorded with a high percentage 57.4% followed by S. Typhimurium 8.2% and P.aeruginousa 4.1%. Clostin showed impressive results for treating isolated bacteria from chicks, while erythromycin, spiramycin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, bacitracin, streptomycin, followed by ampicillin, doxycycline, and gentamycin showed high resistance among isolated bacteria. Alarmingly, 88.9% (8/9) of the E. coli strains were XDR to different classes. In contrast, 11.1% (1/9) of the isolated E. coli strains were multi-drug resistant. One isolate of S. Typhimurium was PDR and another isolate was MDR. All of the P. aeurginosa strains were XDR to different classes. The previous results showed the risk of infection comes from the improper disinfection of the hatchery and how it is associated with losses in poultry farms and there is a need for the prevalence of the disinfection genes in hatchery bacteria.

Chicken meat and its edible offal have a high biological value and act as a good substrate for different types of bacteria implicated in foodborne disease outbreaks. Therefore, a total of 150 random samples of chicken (Breast, thigh and edible offal, 50 of each) were collected from different outlets, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to be examined bacteriologically. The obtained results revealed that the mean Enterobacteriacae count was 3.73±0.07, 4.02±0.10 and 4.34±0.12 log10 CFU/g in breast, thigh and edible offal samples, respectively. E. coli was isolated from 12(24%), 15(30%) and 20(40%) of breast, thigh and edible offal samples, respectively, five different serotypes were identified (O157:H7, O158:H19, O128:H2, O26:H11and O55:H7) and the isolated E. coli strains were resistant to penicillin (100%), while the resistance was 72.3%, 65.9%, 51.1% and 51.1% to sulphamethoxazol-trimethoprim, oxytetracyclin, chloramphenicol and kanamycin, respectively, meanwhile, all strains were sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 22(14.67%) of the examined samples with a prevalence of 5(10%), 7(14%) and 10(20%) in breast, thigh and edible offal, respectively, serological identification revealed five different serotypes (S. typhimurium, S. entritides, S. lindenberg, S. infantis and S. kentukay), and the isolated Salmonella spp. were resistant to penicillin and sulphamethoxazol-trimethoprim (100%), meanwhile, the sensitivity was 100% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ampicillin.