Peanut agglutinin (PNA) and surface immunoglobulin (SIg) were investigated as markers for T and B lymphocytes in blood and lymphoid tissues of dogs of various ages. In the blood study, 4 age groups (n = 8 dogs/group) were used. The mean (+/- SD) percentages of PNA-positive (PNA +) cells were 68.4 +/- 8.6% (group 1, < 1 year old), 70.3 +/- 9.2% (group 2, 1 to 2 years old), 72.0 +/- 3.7% (group 3, 5 to 6 years old), and 63.8 +/- 10.1% (group 4, 10 to 11 years old). The mean percentages of SIg-positive (SIg+) cells in blood were 32.1 +/- 10.6% (group 1), 43.2 +/- 7.0% (group 2), 34.3 +/- 4.8% (group 3), and 35.0 +/- 6.8% (group 4). The mean total percentages of PNA+ and SIg+ cells were 100 +/-6% (group 1), 113.5 +/- 4.9% (group 2), 106.3 +/- 5.3% (group 3), and 98.9 +/- 9.2% (group 4). The proportions of PNA+ and SIg+ cells in dogs of group 2 were significantly (P < 0.05) different from those in dogs of the other groups. Serial changes in PNA+ and SIg+ cells were investigated in blood of 6- to 29-week-old pups (n = 8). A significant (P < 0.05) transient decrease in PNA+ cells and a corresponding increase in SIg+ cells was observed in pups between 14 and 17 weeks old. Lymphoid tissue specimens and blood samples were obtained from 2- to 6-month-old dogs (n = 11) and from 6- to 12-month-old dogs (n = 10). Percentages reflected the combined data from both groups because there were no significant differences between the 2 age groups. The mean percentages of PNA+ cells were: blood, 68.4 +/- 8.6%; thymus, 86.6 +/- 16.3%; spleen, 29.5 +/-16.0%; lymph node, 48.5 +/- 16.0%; and bone marrow, 30.8 +/- 26.4%. The mean percentage of SIg+ cells were: blood, 32.1 +/- 10.6%; thymus, 3.1 +/- 5.5%; spleen, 69.3 +/-10.3%; lymph node, 55.4 +/- 15.2%; and bone marrow, 65.4 +/- 22.4%. The procedure to identify T lymphocytes in blood and lymphoid tissue was easy to perform, was reproducible, and could be performed on as few as 10(6) cells.

Each of twenty blood samples taken from apparently healthy Korean cows was used to produce five different mixtures of autologous plasma and blood corpuscles such that their values of packed cell volume(PCV) lay between 10 to 50ml/100ml. The measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) using 45 degree-angled Wintrobe hematocrit tube, 3mm bore, (45deg C-Wintrobe-ESR) was practised for the blood of various levels of PCV lowered. Correlation of the ESR to PCV showed curvilinear regression each in three levels of PCV under the ambient temperature of 10deg C, 20deg C and 30deg C. Correlation of the ESR to the ambient temperature showed linear regression each in five levels of PCV. The ESR increased with ascending ambient temperature, and magnitude of the increase of the ESR became greater as the level of PCV lowered. Correlation of the ESR to PCV showed curvilinear regression each in three levels of the ambient temperature, and the ESR was increased with decreasing PCV. The data were statistically analysed and a list of relative anticipated 45deg C-Wintrobe-ESR values for PCV and ambient temperature was presented.

Nutritional risk factors for liver damage were surveyed in Black-Pied French dairy herds using serum glutamic dehydrogenase and gamma glutamyl transferase levels to monitor liver dysfunction.The 34 herds chosen were free of parasitic liver injuries. Feeding systems, nutritional blood parameters and production characteristics are analyzed. Two risk factors appeared to be involved in hepatic injury: feeding of fresh rape (Brassica napus) and high levels of serum urea (>/=6.64 mmol/L) associated with grass pasture or dietary nonprotein nitrogen with corn silage

This experiment was carried out to provide the data of blood chemistry in use of application to clinical diagnosis in racehorses. Blood was collected from 30 racehorses (female 17, male 13). Calcium, inorganic phosphorus, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, bilirubin, fibrinogen and ketone body in serum were analyzed. The values of calcium and inorganic phosphorus were maintained a certain level without much variation regardless of sex and species. Ca/P ratio was in the range of 3.13-3.35. The value of blood glucose was 60mg/100ml. Age and sex of racehorses make no difference in the value. The value of blood urea nitrogen and total cholesterol showed a tendency to increase according to the age. Total cholesterol value was somewhat higher in male than in female. The value of total bilirubin showed a tendency to increase according to the age. There was no difference between sexes in the value. The value of fibrinogen showed no apparent difference with age and sex. Ketone body was negative in all of the cases. There was no variation on the species of the racehorses

The present study was carried out to investigate the serum enzyme activities of racehorses. The enzymes investigated were aspartate and alanine aminotranserase (GOT, GPT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(gamma-GTP), Lactic dehydrogenase(LDH), creatine phosphokinase(CPK), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP). Animals used were 30 healthy racehorse(female 17, male 13) average weighing 435kg and were from 2 to 8 years of age. LDH activity was progressively decreased with age and next in the order of GOT and CPK activities. GOT and gamma-GPT activities were not changed with age but ALP activity tended to be decreased with age. Activities of GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP and ALP were higher in female than in male. There was no difference in CPK activity by sex, and no difference was found out among breeds

Some hematological and biochemical indices were assayed in Korean native cattle naturally harbouring Fasciola hepatica infection and compared with uninfected controls. Affected animals revealed reduction in total erythrocyte count and hemoglobin content, and increase in total leukocyte count. Infected cattle had significantly lower levels of serum total protein, serum albumin and magnesium. Significantly higher values were obtained for the serum enzymes asparate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase

The present study was conducted in order to get the normal hematologic values of Korean Jindo dogs. Blood samples were taken from 328 (male 92, female 236) healthy Jindo dogs in Jindo area. The mean values of red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) content and packed cell volume (PCV) in the age group of less than one year were 6.77(male 7.44, female 6.76)X10** (6)/ul, 13,14(male 13.53, female 12.99)g/100ml and 43.28(male 44.47, female 42.79)ml/100ml, respectively, whereas the RBC count, Hb content and PCV in the age group of one year and more were 7.42(male 7.44, female 7.42)X10** (6)/ul, 14.98(male 15.56, female 14.76)g/100ml and 47.18(male 48.43, female 46.71)ml/100ml, respectively. The values of RBC count, Hb content and PVC appeared to be higher in the male than in the female and it increased with aging in the age group of less than one year. The mean values of mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCHC) in the age group of less than one year were 63.93(male 65.40, female 63.30)fl, 19.41(male 19.90, female 19.22) pg and 30.36(male 30.43, female 30.36)g/100ml respectively, whereas the MCV, MCH and MCHC in the age group of one year and more were 63.58(male 65.09, female 62.95)fl, 20.19(male 20.91, female 19.89) pg and 31.75(male 32.13, female31.60)g/100ml respectively. The values of MCV, MCH and MCHC appeared to be higher in the male than in the female. No differences were found in the MCV and MCH between age groups. The MCHC appeared to be higher in older age group. Mean platelet count in the age group of less than one year was 377,391(male 398,778, female 368,721)/ul, whereas mean platelet count in the age group of one year and more was 354,657(male 373,660, female 347,512)/ul. The platelet count appeared to be higher in the male than in the female and especially lower in the age group of three years and more (305,513/ul) than in the other age groups

Observations were made on the blood picture of 50 multiparous and 98 infertile cows. Mean values of RBC, Hb, PVC, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets for normal multiparous cows were 6.87+-0.84X10** (6)/mm** (3), 10.3+-1.3g/100ml, 31.4+-3.7ml/100ml, 46.1+-6.9u** (3), 15.3+-2.6pg, 34+-2.7%, and 372.7+-304.7X10** (3)/mm** (3) respectively. Mean values of RBC, Hb, PVC, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets for infertile cows were 7.00+-0.98X10** (6)/mm** (3), 10.6+-1.2g/100ml, 32.1+-3.6ml/100ml, 45.8+-6.7u** (3), 15.3+-1.8pg, 33.9+-3.3%, and 382.7+-157.5X10** (3)/mm** (3), respectively. Mean values of WBC count for normal multiparous and infertile cows were 7.92+-1.72 and 9.04+-2.87X10** (3)/mm** (3) respectively. In the differential leukocytes count, mean values of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils for normal multiparous cows were 29.7+-7.9%, 56.8+-7.6%, 2.9+-1.9%, 9.9+-5.3% and 0.3+-0.7%, respectively, and mean values of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils for infertile cows were 31.9+-7.8%, 57.5+-7.9%, 2.6+-1.9%, 7.5+-4.8%, and 0.4+-0.2%, respectively