The immune status of chickens, pigs and calves depends on the content of protective factors in incubatory egg, mother colostrum and timely transfer to their posterity. At young growth in postnatal ontogenesis it is allocated three age immune deficiencies. The first is connected with untimely receipt transovarian and colostoral factors of the protection, the second is caused by an expenditure of passively transferred protective factors of protection and immaturity of own immune system. The third age immune deficiency arises at sharp transfer of young growth into new type of feeding and concerns, first of all, disorders of local protection of a digestive path. Timely application the probiotic enterobifidin, baktril-2, bifidoflorin, developed by Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine together with Institute of microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, microbic polysaccharides salmopul and vistimulin, received together with Vitebsk biofactory, and also diamiksan allows to prevent development of immune deficiencies and on their background gastroenteric and respiratory diseases of young growth, to stimulate animal growth and to improve quality of meat production, decrease economic efficiency and ecological safety, considerably allows to reduce application of antimicrobic preparations (antibiotics, Sulfanilamidum, Nitrofuranums, etc.) | Иммунный статус цыплят, поросят и телят зависит от содержания защитных факторов в инкубационном яйце, молозиве матерей и своевременной передаче их потомству. У молодняка в постнатальном онтогенезе выделяется три возрастных иммунных дефицита. Первый связан с несвоевременным поступлением трансовариальных и колостральных факторов защиты, второй обусловлен расходованием пассивно перенесенных защитных факторов защиты и незрелостью собственной иммунной системы. Третий возрастной иммунный дефицит возникает при резком переводе молодняка на новый тип кормления и касается, прежде всего, нарушения местной защиты пищеварительного тракта. Своевременное применение пробиотиков энтеробифидина, бактрила-2, бифидофлорина, разработанных Витебской государственной академией ветеринарной медицины совместно с Институтом микробиологии НАН Беларуси, сальмопула и витстимулина, совместно полученных с Витебской биофабрикой микробных полисахаридов, а также диамиксана позволяет профилактировать развитие иммунных дефицитов и возникающих на их фоне желудочно-кишечных и респираторных болезней молодняка, стимулировать рост животных и улучшать качество мясной продукции, повышать экономическую эффективность и экологическую безопасность, значительно сократить применение противомикробных препаратов (антибиотиков, сульфаниламидов, нитрофуранов и др.)

A technology of application autolysis of fodder yeasts (AFY) for the production of products with higher protein content, digestible aminoacids and other nutritive and biologically active substances in comparison with the standard fodder yeasts (provit) was tested in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus by an example of three groups of swine. Animals of the first (control) group were fed with combined feed SK-26 with addition of 2% of provit. Animals of the second group were fed with combined feed SR-26with addition of 2% of AFY, the third group - with addition 4% of AFY. Provit and AFY were included into combined feed instead of excluded protein components in equivalent number. Research results showed that autolysis of fodder yeasts did not render negative influence on productivity of fattening stores. Average daily weight gain of stores was 637-674 g. Calculation of economic efficiency of combined feeding application of 2 and 4% of AFY showed that application of 2% AFY was more economically profitable

Studying of efficiency of application of a natural biological control agent BioLAD obtained as a result of cultivation of Fusarium sambucinum fungus in feeding of broiler chickens was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. There were studied 100 broiler chickens of Ross-308 cross. Broiler chickens of the first (control) group were fed with standard diet with PK-5-1. Broiler chickens of the experimental groups starting from one day old age till the end of the growing period (41 days old) were fed with feed supplement BioLAD in different doses: 0,25 ml/head (second group), 0,5 ml/head (third group), 1 ml/head (fourth group). Research results showed that natural biological control agent BioLAD in dose of 0,5 ml/head made it possible to increase chicken live weight on 11,2 %, viability - on 4,2%. Feeding charges per 1 kg of live weight gain were1,89 kg (second group), 1,81 kg (third group), 1,90 kg (fourth group). It made it possible to decrease the combined feed charges on 6,4% (second group), on 10,4% (third group), and on 5,9% (fourth group). Application of biological control agent BioLAD had an effect on poultry growth activity, promoted high level of chickens viability, increased the indices of general and local protection, stimulated metabolic processes

Research of the influence of biologically active preparations of natural origin on zoological indices and quality of animal products was studied by the example of their application in broiler chicken diets in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. On the basis of realized research it was established, that application of biologically active substances immunoamplifier Alveozan, probiotic Dialakt, probiotic Bifidoflorin liquid, prebiotic Biofon and prebiotic Biofon AIL (produced in the Republic of Belarus) did not render negative effect on quality of animal products (all studied meat samples had high quality). The received results testify to necessity of complex application of the above-stated preparations. Application of biologically active preparations made it possible to increase livability of growing birds on 100%, average live weight increase from 1,9 up to 5,1%, daily average weight gain - from 1,9 up to 5,1%, improvement of feed conversion ratio - from 18,3 up to 21%. All studied biologically active preparations made it possible to restore the physiological environment in poultry intestines, normal flora, to suppress the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The above mentioned preparations could be applied both with preventive, and with the medical purposes

There was studied the data on antagonistic activity of a new metabolic probiotic substance derived from the probiotic substance Diamixan. Research of antagonistic activity Diamixan has shown its high activity in the relation of the test-strains of microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus ATSS 6538, Staphylococcus aureus 209R, Escherichia coli ATSS 71229, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATSS 9017, Pseudomonas marcescens, Proteus mirabilis ATSS 14153, Bacillus subtilis ATSS 6633, Citrobacter freundii, Candida albicans ATSS 10231, Salmonella enteritidis R1991, Salmonella typhimurium ATSS 24853. In the presence of the preparation, dissolved 1:1, there was a full suppression of growth of all bacteria within 48 hours of cultivation at delution 1:2 and 1:4 the high antagonistic activity of the preparation as the majority of samples remains sterile remained. In the tabular form data on antagonistic activity of the preparation in delution 1:1; 1:2; 1:4 are presented. | Целью работы явилось изучение антагонистической активности метаболитного пробиотика диамиксан. Исследование антагонистической активности диамиксана показало его высокую активность в отношении тест-штаммов микроорганизмов: Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 6538, Staphylococcus aureus 209Р, Escherichia coli ATCC 71229, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9017, Pseudomonas marcescens, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Citrobacter freundii, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Salmonella enteritidis P1991, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 24853. В присутствии разведённого 1:1 препарата происходило полное подавление роста всех бактерий в течение 48 часов культивирования, при разведении 1:2 и 1:4 сохранялась высокая антагонистическая активность препарата, так как большинство образцов оставалось стерильными. В табличной форме представлены данные по антагонистической активности препарата в разведении 1:1; 1:2; 1:4.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the efficiency of application of national mineral additives (mineral feed additive produced on the basis of dolomitic meal) in rations of milking cows. In course of the study there were analyzed physical and chemical blood indexes; hematological indexes of cows; biochemical blood indexes; mineral composition of blood; natural resistance of cows. As a result of the realized study it was established, that an optimum dose of a dolomitic meal for milking cows during the winter period was 0,3% per dry matter of a diet. There was proved the possibility of increasing of a daily average milk yield of cows on 11,7%, fat and protein content in milk - on 0,04 - 0,06%, as well as lowering of quantity of somatic cells on 13,6%. Application of a national mineral additive rendered the positive influence on blood indices to what that was proved by increasing of erythrocytes (on 10,9%), thrombocytes (on 5,4%), haemoglobin (on 6,5%), crude protein (on 10,6%), and also macro- and trace elements. Introduction of a dolomitic meal into cow diets made it possible to increase the indices of natural resistance of cows on 0,5 - 4,0%.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized a comparative study of peculiar features of influence of combined application of Khelavit preparation and protein-vitamin-mineral feed supplements Khendriks and Spaeta-kontsentrat on health status of cows and quality of obtained cow milk after application of these preparation for the preventive treatment of osteodystrophy. In course of study there were analyzed haematologic and biochemical blood indexes of cows after application of the experimental preparations. Results of physical and chemical indexes of milk were presented. Research results showed that the analyzed protein, vitamin and mineral feed supplements caused the normalization of biochemical blood indexes in comparison with animal of a control group. Besides, application of mentioned above drugs promoted the increasing of veterinary and sanitary quality and technological properties of produced milk.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were analyzed the efficiency of application of a new mineral additive produced of the basis of carnallite brine (the national local raw material) as a part of mixed fodders for feeding of young stock of cattle. There was analyzed its influence on digestibility of a diet nutrients in cattle rations and on animal productivity. Inclusion of carnallite brine in mixed fodders structure for fattening young cattle rendered a positive influence on forage palatability. Forage consumption on a per head basis increased on 5,4%. Optimum dose of addition of carnallite brine in mixed fodder - 0,85%. Feeding of young cattle with the experimental mixed fodders did not render negative influence on hematological indices and physiological condition of animals. Use in young cattle rations of the mixed fodder containing 0,85% of carnallite brine promoted the increasing of nutrient digestibility on 3,4-5,7%. In the conditions of feeding of mixed fodders with other doses of carnallite did not cause any changes in digestibility of nutrients. Feeding of the prepared mixed fodder with 0,85% of carnallite brine to young growth of cattle made it possible to increase the growth energy on 5%.

Analysis of efficiency of prebiotics and probiotics and different systems of their application for the focused formation of bacteriocenosis of gastro-intestinal tract of calves was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. There were used 7 groups of calves: 1 – clinically healthy; 2 – calves with diarrheal syndrome which did not get preparations; 3 – calves were administrated daily with liquid probiotic Bifidoflorin Zhidkij in dose 20 ml in course of 20 days; 4 – calves were administrated daily with prebiotic Biofon with colostral milk or milk in dose 20ml in course of 20 days; 5 – calves were administrated daily with prebiotic Biofon-AIL in dose 20 ml in course 20 days; 6 – calves were administrated with probiotic Bifidoflorin Zhidkij simultaneously with prebiotic Biofon; 7 – calves were administrated with probiotic Bifidoflorin Zhidkij in combination with prebiotic Biofon-AIL. In course of studies there was analyzed the age-specific dynamics of bifidus bacteria, lactic acid bacillus, and Escherichia quantities in calves excrements. Research results showed that application of the proposed prebiotics and probiotics promoted the earlier and active contamination of intestines with obligate anaerobe gram-positive flora with its dominative position in relation to gram-negative nonsporeforming facultative anaerobic flora. At the stage of the second aging immunodeficiency the analyzed preparations rendered the resolving effect. The highest positive indexes were obtained after combined application of probiotic Bifidoflorin Zhidkij with prebiotic Biofon-AIL

Investigation of influence of complex probiotic preparation Laktimet obtained by means of cultivation of bifidus bacteria and lactic acid bacillus on morphological indexes of pancreatic gland of laying hens was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Two groups of laying hens of 121-130 days old were used in the experiment. The experimental hens were given probiotic Laktimet with water in dose of 1 ml/head every day in 4 cycles during 7 days and with 7 days intervals. Total condition, dynamics of body weight, and egg production were estimated. Research results showed that body weight of experimental hens increased on 6,4 % on the 10-th day; on 12,1% - on the 24-th day; on 6% - on the 40-th day; and 7,5% - on the 50-th day of experiment. Pancreas weight of experimental hens increased on 4-9%. Acinus size increased on 11%. Morphological indexes in exocrine pancreatic cells showed that altitude of basal pole increased on 3-7%. Application of probiotic Laktimet rendered positive influence on laying hens that was evident in increasing of their productivity (there was an increasing of live weight on 4-8%, and egg-laying capacity – on 18-33%). The positive dynamics of the majority of morphofunctional indexes of exocrinous and endocrine parts of pancreatic gland proved its significant role in maintenance of general state of laying hens and metabolic processes