Effects of furosemide, exercise, and atropine on tracheal mucus transport rate (TMTR) in horses were investigated. Atropine (0.02 mg/kg of body weight) administered IV or by aerosolization significantly (P < 0.05) decreased TMTR at 60, but not at 30 minutes after its administration in standing horses. Furosemide (1.0 mg/kg, IV) did not have any significant effect on TMTR when measured at 2 or 4 hours after its administration in standing horses. Exercise alone or furosemide (1.0 mg/kg, IV) administration followed 4 hours later by exercise did not alter TMTR, compared with values for standing control or exercised horses administered saline solution. Atropine (0.02 mg/kg, IV) administered after exercise significantly (P < 0.05) decreased TMTR, compared with values for no exercise standing controls, for exercise after administration of saline solution, and for furosemide and exercise.

Effects of temperature and storage time on canine bone-transfixation pin specimens were tested by comparing pin pull-out forces. A total of 16 femurs from 8 mature dogs were tested. Five nonthreaded Steinmann pins were placed through both cortices in the diaphysis of each femur. The femurs were then sectioned transversely between each pin, with a bonepin specimen placed evenly into each of 5 groups prior to biomechanical testing. Four bone-pin specimen groups were stored at -20 or -70 C for 14 or 28 days, while 1 specimen group was immediately tested. Pull-out forces for frozen groups were compared with pull-out forces for the fresh group. Using two-way ANOVA, there was no statistical difference in mean axial-extraction forces among bonepin specimen in any of the tested groups. It is concluded that acute pin pull-out forces are not significantly affected by freezing temperature or time. However, specimens stored at -20 C for as few as 14 days had a trend for increased pull-out forces, compared with freshly harvested specimens. Therefore, the authors recommend storage of bone-pin specimens at -70 C when possible.

To investigate the effects of T-2 toxin on the blastogenesis of lymphocytes, pathology, hemogram and blood chemistry in the goat, the Korean native goats were treated orally with T-2 toxin for 21 days with a dosage of 0.6mg per kg body weight. The total count of leukocytes and lymphocytes decreased significantly from 14 to 21 days after treatment. Myeloid : erythroid ratios increased significantly on days 12 after treatment Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reactions to tuberculin were reduced predominantly. T-2 toxin induced prolonged prothrombin time. Mitogenic responses of lymphocytes to both lipopolysaccharide and phytohemagglutinin were significantly depressed on days 7 and 14 after treatment. Treatment of T-2 toxin caused marked depletion of lymphocytes in the thymus, mesenteric lymph node, Peyer's patches and spleen.

This study was carried out to determine suitable selection factors for recipients and embryos which could improve pregnancy rates following bovine embryo transfer. The experiment included 52 surgical transfers from February, 1985 through June, 1986 performed on Kyongbuk Breeding Center in southern Korea. The pregnancy rate was highest when recipients were in estrus within 6 hours before the donor to 12 hours after the donor (78.3 % versus 50 % for recipients in estrus earlier or later). Pregnancy rates were acceptable following culture under field conditions for up to 17 hours. More recipients over 15 months of age (76.1 %) remained pregnant than those under 15 months (66.7 %). Embryos transferred during the months from February to July resulted in higher pregnancy rates than those transferred during the remaining 6 months (77.3 % versus 57.1 %). Transferrable embryos were classified A (best) to C (worst); those graded A or B resulted in significantly higher pregnancy rates than those graded C (81.8 % and 73.3 % versus 25.0 %, p0.05). Pregnancy rates among recipients of the Korean native breed tended to be higher than among Holstein recipients (100 % versus 71.1 %). Similarly, when the embryo was transferred to the right uterine horn, pregnancy rates tended to be higher than when it was transferred to the left (81.3 % versus 65 %). Pregnancy rates did not differ according to the stage of development of the embryo; they were for morulae, tight morulae, blastocysts, and advanced blastocysts, respectively : 75.0 %, 66.7 %, 75.0 %, and 77.4 %

Blood coagulation time, bleeding time, clot retraction ability, thrombocyte counts and hematological values under electroacupuncture anesthesia and medicament anesthesia, using 10 mongrel dogs were compared. Blood coagulation time under electroacpuncture anesthesia was shorther than that under medicament anesthesia (p0.001). Bleeding time under electroacupunture anesthesia was shorter than that under medicament anesthesia (p0.01). Clot retraction ability under electroacupuncture anesthesia was better than that under medicament anesthesia (p0.01). Thrombocyte counts under electroacupuncture anesthesia was more increased than that under medicament anesthesia (p0.05). Erythrocyte counts, hematocrit values, hemoglobin contents and leukocytes counts were decreased (p0.01) under medicament anesthesia in comparison with control group, but there was no significant difference under electroacupuncture anesthesia