A six year old female buffalo was presented with history ofparturition before 4 days and accidental feeding of about 4 litres own colostrum by the owner. Clinical examination revealed anorexia, circling, excitation and wandering behavior, mucoid hard sticky feces, absence of water intake and ruminal atony. pH of ruminal fluid was 8.5. The buffalo was successfully treated with vinegar, multivitamin, chlorpheneramine maleate, calcium sulphate, magnesium sulphate and fluid therapy and recovery was seen on 3rd day. In conclusion, colostrum feeding in adult buffalo can cause alkaline indigestion which can be successfully treated with vinegar and supportive fluid therapy.

Organophosphates (OP) and carbamates are widely utilized insecticides, but they also pose significant risks as sources ofintoxicationfor both humans and animals. A male non-descript dog, seven years old was presented with a chronic respiratory distress, dysphonia, exercise intolerance, and neurologic signs to Veterinary Clinical Complex, VCRI, Orathanadu on April 2023. Physical examination revealed elevated rectal temperature and congested mucous membrane with elevated heart beat and respiratory rate. Thoracic auscultation revealed muffled heart sound. The dog's medical history indicated a potential case of organophosphate poisoning. Treatment involved administering atropine sulfate, normal saline, ceftriaxone, and furosemide. However, throughout the treatment process, the dog continued to experience upper respiratory stridor and dyspnoea. Clinical examination and radiographic observations confirmed the diagnosis of laryngeal paralysis. This case highlights the occurrence of laryngeal paralysis polyneuropathy complex in a canine affected by organophosphate poisoning.

A one and half year, female, non descriptive dog was presented to Veterinary College Hospital, Hassan with the history of incoordination, drowsiness and vomiting after accidental oral administration ofAmitraz liquid (RIDD®) by the owner. On physical examination animal was dull and depressed. Sedation (drowsiness) and hypothermia was noticed with the rectal temperature of 98.8°E Hemato-biochemical findings were within the normal range. Based on history and clinical signs, the case was diagnosed as amitrazpoisoning and animal was treated with Yohimbine Hydrochloride at the rate of 0.2 mg per Kg body weight intramuscularly and activated charcoal per orally, along with the supportive therapy. Animal was completely recovered after 5 days of treatment.

Hookworms of dogs especially Ancylostoma caninum and A.ceylanicum are the predominant gastro intestinal parasites of zoonotic significance. These are soil transmitted helminths (STH) whose larvae dwell in the soil and are capable of penetrating the host skin and then establishing itself in the intestine causing gastro-enteritis  and  anaemia.  Both  A.caninum  and  A.ceylanicum  can  infect dogs and their zoonotic potential is different and speciation becomes a necessity especially since it is difficult to distinguish the species morphologically. The current study was envisaged for molecular speciation of the hookworms affecting dogs in Chennai. A total of 185 faecal samples were examined of which 58 (31.35%) were positive samples and these were subjected to molecular speciation. The primers targeting ITS-1 gene of the parasite were designed and it was found that A.caninum  was  the  predominant  species  prevalent  amongst  dogs  in  Chennai.

Esophageal groove dysfunction is a fatal cause in neonatal calves if unattended at the early stage.  In healthy suckling calves the milk should bypass the rumen and reticulum and enter abomasum which is the true stomach for enzymatic digestion of milk protein.   In esophageal groove dysfunction the milk enters rumen where fermentation due to microbes leads to high accumulation of gas hence abdominal distension which proves fatal to the calf.  An eight days old female crossbred calf solely on dam’s milk was presented with left sided abdominal distension. On clinical examination the case was diagnosed to be a ruminal drinker due to esophageal groove dysfunction. The calf was relieved of gas by passing atraumatic flexible stomach tube and oral antibiotic to control bacterial fermentation.  The calf was weaned gradually from dam’s milk and allowed to feed with the Dam for rumen flora inoculation and early initiation of concentrate and roughage feeding.  The calf was free of ruminal bloat post treatment.

A morphological characterization study was conducted on desi chicken at Minicoy in Lakshadweep Islands. The phenotypic characters such as colour and pattern of plumage, comb type and colour of skin, earlobe and shank were documented in both male and female adult chickens as per the guidelines of National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR). The desi chicken from Minicoy Islands are smaller in size with a short beak, and exhibit a striking multicolour plumage intricately speckled across its body feathers, tail and neck. Significant sexual dimorphism was noted for the phenotypic characters. A total of 3 cocks and 7 hens were reported with different combination of plumage colours and patterns. The study indicated that these desi birds have distinct morphological characters that is worth for further investigation. 

A one year old, male, goat was presented with the history of fish hook injury on the right eye during grazing near the pond. On clinical examination, the vital parameters were normal. Ophthalmic examination of right eye revealed fish hook’s nylon with its shank at the lateral canthus. Under local anaesthesia, barbed fish hook, penetrating the palpebral conjunctiva was surgically removed after lateral canthotomy.

Ice cream, a well-known frozen delicacy, is prone to fluctuations in both physical and sensory characteristics in spite of its complex composition. Many highly processed stabilizers and emulsifiers that are chemically purified and modified, individually or in combination, were used in food industries to develop a product with desired physical, chemical and textural stability. In this study, the viability of minimally processed hydrothermal extract of red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) was tested to replace sodium alginate in ice cream. The functional carrot flavoured ice cream stabilized by 0.4%w/w sodium alginate and 0.1%w/w glycerol monostearate was taken as control. The stabilizer was replaced by Red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract at concentration of 0.5% (S1) and 1.0% w/v (S2). The addition of red seaweed extract at 1.0% w/v (S2) in ice cream increased the overrun from 46% to 57% (S2) in the batch freezer and melting resistance was also notably decreased from 1.90 to 0.62 (S2) g/min. Significance of the research was that minimally processed extracts of red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) are highly effective to replace processed stabilizer and emulsifiers used in food industries. 

A 2-year-old non-descript intact male dog was presented at Veterinary Clinical Complex, VCRI, Orathanadu, TANUVAS with a sickle cut wound on right forehead, right lateral part of shoulder and left lateral ofneck,with exposed tracheal rupture. As per the history the animal was attacked by a human using sickle knife. The defect was closed with appropriate techniques. After 14 days of post operative care the dog healed well and was back to normal routine. 

A 9-month-old female Persian cat was presented with a history of vaginal discharge and straining. On clinical examination, serosanguinous discharge was noticed in the vaginal region. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examination revealed the presence of one dead foetus, which was removed surgically. Gross examination, radiographic and CT imaging of the dead male anasarca foetus revealed an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the subcutaneous tissues.