Anaemia is one of the major clinical manifestations seen in various diseases in canines. Reticulocytes and erythrocyte counting are the hallmark for evaluating the anaemic status and bone marrow response to anaemia. In this study, a simple technique was developed and followed to count both reticulocytes simultaneously with the help of Neubauer counting chamber using the diluting fluids prepared from two different supravital stains to score the merit of the method for adoption. Blood samples for the study were  collected from the dogs presented to Madras Veterinary College Teaching hospital. The dogs were classified into apparently healthy and anemic group with each of 30 dogs. The total erythrocytic count was significantly low in the anomalous group compared to the healthy group (p<0.01) and the corrected percentage was higher in the oculous group than in healthy group. The corrected percentage is called as corrected percentage (CRP). The increased corrected percentage of reticular cells (CRC) was significantly higher in ominous group. Moreover, the corrected value of CRP was significantly lower in anaesthetized dogs than in the healthy dogs. This technique can be utilised as an ideal laboratory tool in identification of the health status of the animal and to evaluate the treatment regimen in the animal.

Lantana camara is a weed which affects both livestock production and the growth of other plants near them. It is a sturdy plant with multi-colored flowers which can grow well in diverse climatic and soil conditions. Initially cultivated as an ornamental plant and transferred to various regions of the world; the plant has now become one of the  common weeds in agricultural land and forest regions. It is found in almost all parts of India and its invasion in forest cover of the country is a great concern as the plant has inhibitory effect on growth of other plants. It has been listed among the ten most toxic weed in the world. Although grazing animals primarily do not consume this plant, scarcity of pasture lands cause the animals to eat this plant. Consumption of this plant cause hepatotoxicity and secondary photosensitization in animals. The toxic compound in this plant is ‘Lantadenes’ and is predominantly found in leaves of the plant. The history, phytochemistry, toxicity in animals, toxicopathology, treatment and prevention of toxicity are reviewed in this article.

The different parts of Murraya koenigii leaf are traditionally used for treatment of wide variety of ailments. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of methanolic extract of curry leaves on growth and haemato-biochemical parameters in adjuvant induced arthritis. Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups containing ten each (n=10), Group I- Sham control, Group II- Plant extract only, Group III- Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) only, Group IV- CFA + ibuprofen, Group V- Prophylactic group, Group VI- Therapeutic group. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was induced by sub-plantar injection of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA). The body weight gain and feed intake were measured at weekly intervals upto 28th days and blood was collected on 28 day for haematology and serum biochemistry. The analysis of parameters on body weight, feed intake and haematobiochemistry revealed that curry leaf extract had a considerable effect in preventing and ameliorating the severity of arthritis. Methanolic extract of curry leaves appears to be a promising natural remedy of RA. 

Canine oral papillomatosis is a contagious and spontaneously regressing benign neoplastic disease of young dogs caused by canine oral papillomavirus. Six dogs of different breeds aged between 1-3 years were presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex with the history of wart like lesions in different parts of the oral cavity. Under Xylazine sedation and 10 % Lignocaine spray representative biopsy sample of wart was surgically excised. Autogenous vaccine was developed and mixed with formalin solution to in activate the virus. Dogs were subjected to inj. Autovaccine 1 ml through subcutaneous route once in a week for 5 weeks. Warts were completely regressed within 4 weeks period after autoimmune therapy. There was no recurrence of papillomatosis among the treated dogs during the follow-up period of 6 months and no adverse effects were recorded.

Incidence of candidiasis and its ability to be a primary infection in a native chicken flock of 500 birds reared in cage system was reported. Grossly, pseudomembranous growth giving turkey-towel appearance was noticed in dead birds. Crops from affected chicken yielded Candida albicans was confirmed by culture and germ tube production in poultry serum from the crop samples collected from affected birds. Administration of copper sulphate was found to be effective in containing illness and the signs associated with candidiasis in the affected flock.

The study was carried out on male zebrafish containing technical grade deltamethrin (98.5%). A total of 20 males were randomly divided into two groups (Group I) and Group II (Group II) and their pre-exposure spawn count, fecundity, and embryo mortality were calculated at weekly intervals within each group. Results show significant (p0.05 and 0.01) reduction in total count of embryos over 21 days in Group I. Similarly, in Group II it was 36.49 0.54, 72.740.09 and 86.370.06 at 7, 14 and 21 days respectively postexposure of males to deltamethionine.

Biometry and follicular parameters of porcine ovaries sourced from organized and unorganized-slaughterhouses and relative comparison of oocyte retrieval methods, namely aspiration and slicing, are reported in the present study. Average length and width of the ovaries, and numbers of surface and cystic follicles were higher in ovaries sourced from organized slaughterhouses. Average number of oocytes recovered per ovary by slicing (12.93±1.49) was significantly higher (P<0.01) than aspiration (6.36±1.02). However, aspiration yielded higher percentage (65.21±5.71) of good quality oocytes (A) (P<0.01) suitable for upstream applications of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Further, our study reveals that ovaries sourced from unorganized slaughterhouses can also be used for ART, and use of aspiration method may yield better quality oocytes.

A study was conducted in Murrah buffaloes belonging to Livestock Farm Complex of Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu, located in cauvery delta region to document the effect of heat ameliorative measures on physiological responses during summer. Twenty four buffaloes were selected and divided into four treatment groups of 6 animals per group. All the animals were maintained under standard managemental conditions with wallowing facility. The treatment group (T1) was control, animals in T2 were provided with cooling jacket, animals in T3 were supplemented with probiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and T4 animals received probiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and were provided cooling jacket. Physiological parameters viz., respiratory rate, pulse rate and rectal temperature were recorded during the summer season (March 2022 to May 2022) at weekly intervals in animals of all the treatment groups. Measurements were made when animals were at rest and after the exposure to sun light at 9 am and 2 pm respectively. From results it was concluded that the heat ameliorative measures given to the different groups of animals decreased the respiratory rate, pulse rate and rectal temperature during summer.

Examination of gastro intestinal tract of 20 carcasses of backyard poultry revealed mucoid material in the lumen of the proventriculus and gizzard. The mucosa of proventriculus and gizzard were thickened. Peeling of the horny gizzard cuticle layer revealed the presence of Cheilospirura hamulosa on the sub-mucosal and muscular surface. The lumen of different parts of the gastrointestinal tract contained tenacious muco-sanguineous content. Caeca was completely filled with tarry red coloured content mixed with Subulura brumpti.

The occurrence of the spirurid nematode, Pterygodermatites cahirensis in a Palm civet cat (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) observed during necropsy is reported. The worms were found in the intestinal content. Male worms were small and slender compared to females. The worms had two rows of spines on the lateroventral sides along the whole length of the body. Males had short spicules. Females had uterus filled with developing ova. Eggs were thick-shelled with undifferentiated yolk mass.