Muitos fatores podem afetar as taxas de gestação após a transferência de embriões em eqüinos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, em eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e em duas estações reprodutivas, a influência do garanhão e de três diferentes técnicas de inseminação (monta natural, inseminação artificial com sêmen diluído fresco ou resfriado) sobre os índices de recuperação de embriões e de prenhez. No primeiro ano, foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) na recuperação de embriões entre cinco garanhões estudados (28,6; 65,0; 62,9; 66,7 e 84,2%), mas não foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p >; 0,05) nos índices de prenhez (50,0; 80,7; 70,6; 70,0 e 62,5%). No segundo ano, verificou-se uma tendência à significância (p = 0,057), na recuperação de embriões entre quatro garanhões estudados (44,4; 56,2; 71,4 e 73,7%) e não houve diferença significativa (p >; 0,05) nos índices de prenhez (75,0; 55,6; 86,7 e 71,4%). Não houve diferença significativa (p >; 0,05) nos índices de embriões recuperados e de prenhez comparando-se a monta natural (50,0 e 87,5%) e a inseminação artificial com sêmen fresco (60,6 e 73,7%) ou refrigerado (63,8 e 80,3%). | Many factors can affect pregnancy rates after equine embryo transfer. This study had the objective of evaluating the influence of stallion and of three different insemination techniques (natural breed, artificial insemination with fresh or cold semen), on pregnancy and on embryos recovery rates. In the first year, differences were observed (p < 0.05) in embryo recovery rates among the five stallions studied (28.6, 65.0, 62.9, 66.7 and 84.2%), but no statistical differences (p >; 0.05) were detected in pregnancy rates (50.0, 80.7, 70.6, 70.0 and 62.5%). In the second year, it was observed a tendency to statistical significance (p = 0.057) in embryos recovery rates between the stallions (44.4, 56.2, 71.4 and 73.7%), and no statistical differences (p >; 0.05) were detected in pregnancy rates (75.0, 55.6, 86.7 and 71.4%). There were no statistical difference (p >; 0.05) in the number of embryos transferred and in pregnancy rates comparing natural breed (50.0 and 87.5%) and artificial insemination with fresh (60.6 and 73.7%) or cold semen (63.8 and 80.3%).

Foram estudados tumores de mama em cadelas, comparando o seu padrão citológico, obtido através da Citologia Aspirativa por Agulha Fina (CAAF), com os resultados da histopatologia. Num período de um ano, as cadelas trazidas ao Hospital Veterinário -- UNESP -- Câmpus de Jaboticabal foram submetidas a exérese cirúrgica dos tumores mamários. As amostras foram avaliadas de acordo com parâmetros estruturais utilizados nos tumores mamários humanos, como grau de atipia, critérios nucleares, padrão de cromatina e nucléolos, alta celularidade e pouca coesão intercelular. Utilizaram-se estes critérios para diferenciar tumores mamários benignos de malignos com 63% de diagnósticos concordantes, sensibilidade de 73% e especificidade de 83%. Nossos dados mostraram ter uma correlação positiva com o prognóstico, demonstrando que é possível reconhecer variáveis estruturais de malignidade na citopatologia para obter um diagnóstico precoce e um prognóstico seguro. | Cytologic and histologic examination of 35 canine mammary masses was performed over a year period, from dogs that underwent mastectomy for mammary neoplasms at the UNESP Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital -- Jaboticabal (SP) Brazil. The mastectomy specimens were evaluated according to structural parameters found to be prognostically significant in human mammary tumors, such as grade of atypia, nuclear criteria (shape, size, form, abnormal mitotic figures), chromatin and nucleolar patterns, high cellularity and poor intercellular cohesions. These criteria were used for differentiation of benign from malignant mammary tumors with 63% of a concordant diagnosis and sensibility of 73% and specificity of 83%. The "fine needle aspiration" technique is discussed as a tool to perform early diagnosis. Our data were found to have a positive correlation to the prognosis indicating that we can recognize structural variables of malignancy by citopathology. Application of the described parameters should facilitate comparative studies of histopathologic diagnosis with biologic behavior of canine mammary tumors using this technique to obtain early diagnosis and a secure prognosis.

Através do exame de fezes, realizado pela técnica de Quatro tamises, demonstrou-se a presença de ovos de Fasciola hepatica em búfalos jovens e adultos procedentes do município de Maricá, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O resultado assinala o primeiro relato desta parasitose na espécie bubalina no Estado, registrando um índice de ocorrência de 2,5%, na amostra avaliada. | Through the fecal analysis done by the "Quatro tamises" technique, the presence of Fasciola hepatica eggs was demonstrated in young and adult buffaloes coming from Maricá, Rio de Janeiro. The result marks the first report of this parasite in bubaline specie in the State, with occurrence of 2.5%, in the appraised sample.

Relata-se um surto de salmonelose em cães de experimentação, com mortalidade de 50% nos animais. Os sorotipos isolados foram Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Agona e Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica. Discute-se a epidemiologia e sua importância em Saúde Pública. | The occurrence of salmonellosis in dogs maintained in kennels destinated to scientific experiments was described. The isolates were characterized as Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Agona and Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica. The public health aspect and epidemiology were evaluated.

In vitro, the sensitivity to different propolis extracts, at a concentration of 100 mg/ml, of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negative, Streptococcus agalactiae and bacteria of the coliform group, isolated from the milk of cows with mastitis, was evaluated using the technique of an agar disk diffusion with a medium doublelayer. The results showed that the commercial propolis, the ethanolic extract, and, in a minor proportion, the methanolic extract inhibited the growth of the Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negative and Streptococcus agalactiae. The extracts obtained through water, etila acetate and chloroform did not inhibit any bacterial strains, nor did the pure ethanol and methanol vehicles that were utilized as controls. The Gram negative bacterium tested, from the coliform group, did not show sensitivity to any extract. Bacterial strains of the same species collected from different sources presented significant differences in sensitivity to the extracts (p < 0.05). In the Streptococcus agalactiae samples, the diameters of the zone of inhibition around the disks were bigger than those observed for samples of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negative. The results of this experiment stimulate the continuation of studies on the use of propolis extracts, by means of using the appropriate vehicles for the treatment of bovine mastitis. | A sensibilidade, in vitro, de amostras de Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negativos, Streptococcus agalactiae e bactérias do grupo dos coliformes, isoladas do leite de vacas com mastite, a diferentes extratos de própolis, na concentração de 100 mg/ml, foi avaliada pela técnica do antibiograma em discos de papel de filtro com sobrecamada de meio de cultura. Os resultados mostraram que o extrato etanólico de própolis comercial, os extratos etanólico e, em menor proporção, o metanólico inibiram o crescimento das amostras de bactérias Gram-positivas, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negativos e Streptococcus agalactiae. Os extratos obtidos através da água, do acetato de etila e do clorofórmio não inibiram nenhuma amostra bacteriana, assim como os veículos etanol e metanol puros utilizados como controle. A bactéria Gram-negativa testada, do tipo coliforme, não apresentou sensibilidade a nenhum dos extratos. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) na sensibilidade aos extratos entre amostras bacterianas de uma mesma espécie, mas de origens diferentes. Nas amostras de Streptococcus agalactiae, os diâmetros dos halos de inibição do crescimento bacteriano ao redor do disco foram maiores que aqueles observados para as amostras de Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negativos. Todos estes resultados estimulam o prosseguimento de novas pesquisas sobre a utilização de extratos de própolis, em veículos adequados, com vistas ao tratamento da mastite bovina.

OBJECTIVE: To determine susceptibility of European wild boars (Sus scrofa) to infection with pseudorabies virus (PrV) and to characterize the virulence of a wildboar PrV isolate for wild and domestic pigs. ANIMALS: 18 wild boars and 16 domestic pigs. PROCEDURE: Three groups of 4 wild boars were inoculated with PrV Bartha, Kaplan, and a wild-boar isolate (BFW1) and housed with uninfected pigs. Two groups of domestic pigs (4 and 8 pigs/group, respectively) were inoculated with various doses of BFW1. Animals were observed daily for clinical signs, and samples were tested for PrV excretion and homologous antibodies. After reactivation of latent infection by induced immunosuppression, PrV was detected in tissues of necropsied animals, using cell culture and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Clinical signs depended on virulence of the PrV strain and dose of inoculum. Only infection with PrV Kaplan resulted in severe disease and death. Virus was isolated from nasal and genital swab specimens. Antibodies were first detected on day 7 after inoculation; a specific humoral immune response was delayed in BFW1-infected animals. Virus was isolated from various tissues of Kaplan-infected wild boars, whereas mainly viral DNA was detected in a few tissues of Bartha- and BFW1-infected animals, using PCR after immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: European wild boars are susceptible to transmission of PrV infection from domestic pigs and vice-versa. The PrV isolate BFW1 is of low virulence and seems to be adapted to the wild boar population from which it was isolated

Objective—To determine whether vaccine site-associated sarcomas (VSS) from cats contain papillomavirus antigen or DNA. Sample Population—50 formalin-fixed paraffinembedded tissue blocks of VSS from cats. Procedure—Sections from each tissue block were evaluated for papillomavirus antigen by use of an avidin-biotin-complex immunohistochemical staining method, using rabbit anti-bovine papillomavirus type-1 antibody. The DNA was extracted from sections of each tissue block, and polymerase chain reaction assays were performed, using primers designed to amplify regions of the E5 gene of bovine papillomavirus and consensus primers designed to amplify a region of the L1 gene of animal papillomaviruses. Sections from 20 of the tissue blocks were evaluated by use of nonradioactive in situ hybridization for bovine papillomavirus DNA. Results—Papillomavirus antigen and DNA were not detected in any of the VSS. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that papillomaviruses likely do not have any direct involvement in the pathogenesis of VSS in cats.

Objective-To determine effect of maternal antibodies on immune response to oral vaccination against rabies in young foxes. Animals-250 cubs from 48 vixens. Procedure-Sera were obtained from cubs of 36 vaccinated (maternally vaccinated [MV+]) and 12 nonvaccinated (MV-) vixens between 23 and 71 days of age and tested for neutralizing antibodies. Seventy-one MV+ cubs and 33 MV- cubs were vaccinated orally with modified-live virus vaccine SAD B19. Geometric mean titer (GMT) was determined in these cubs approximately 21, 39, and 57 days after vaccination. In a subsequent experiment, 10 vaccinated MV+ cubs, 6 vaccinated MV cubs, and 6 control cubs were challenge inoculated with virulent rabies virus approximately 100 days after vaccination. Results-Serum GMT of nonvaccinated MV- cubs (0.23 U/ml) was significantly greater than that of nonvaccinated MV- cubs (0.15 U/ml). The GMT of vaccinated MV+ cubs 21, 39, and 57 days after vaccination were 2.85, 2.11, and 0.79 U/ml, respectively, and were significantly less than those of vaccinated MV- cubs (12.19, 6.76, and 4.02 U/ml, respectively). All challenge-inoculated cubs with GMT <0.5 U/ml succumbed to rabies. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-Partially impaired immune response in cubs <8 weeks old from vaccinated vixens causes insufficient protection against rabies. Inhibition of the immune response persists longer than the period during which maternal antibodies are detectable. Thus, oral vaccination campaigns for young foxes in areas where vaccination has been performed need to be reconsidered