Anaemia is one of the major clinical manifestations seen in various diseases in canines. Reticulocytes and erythrocyte counting are the hallmark for evaluating the anaemic status and bone marrow response to anaemia. In this study, a simple technique was developed and followed to count both reticulocytes simultaneously with the help of Neubauer counting chamber using the diluting fluids prepared from two different supravital stains to score the merit of the method for adoption. Blood samples for the study were  collected from the dogs presented to Madras Veterinary College Teaching hospital. The dogs were classified into apparently healthy and anemic group with each of 30 dogs. The total erythrocytic count was significantly low in the anomalous group compared to the healthy group (p<0.01) and the corrected percentage was higher in the oculous group than in healthy group. The corrected percentage is called as corrected percentage (CRP). The increased corrected percentage of reticular cells (CRC) was significantly higher in ominous group. Moreover, the corrected value of CRP was significantly lower in anaesthetized dogs than in the healthy dogs. This technique can be utilised as an ideal laboratory tool in identification of the health status of the animal and to evaluate the treatment regimen in the animal.

A comparative study to assess the quantity and quality of milk production in milch cattle using TANUVAS and Commercial (AGRIMIN® FORTE) mineral mixture was conducted in two dairy farms in Ramanathapuram district in the form of On Farm Trials (OFT). Three animals in the same stage of milking were selected from each farm. The animals were divided in to three groups viz. A, B and C with one animal in each group. All the animals were in the same plane of nutrition in the particular farm. Group A was kept as control, Group B supplemented with TANUVAS mineral mixture and animals in Group C were supplemented with AGRIMIN ® FORTE and the study was conducted for a period of 4 months. Although both the treatment groups (B and C) showed elevation in volume of production and fat % and the rate of raise in fat % was found to be higher in group B and the amount of raise in volume of milk produced was found to be higher in group C. The SNF % and Protein % were found to be increased only in group C.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a combination of endocrine and metabolic syndrome contributing to both the terms as a clinical feature in women. The present study was conducted to find the alleviative effect of aqueous extract of Asparagus racemosus against the induced PCOS in Wistar rats. About 60 Wistar rats (n=10) are randomly divided into 6 groups: Group 1 (control group), Group 2 (Asparagus racemosus control), Group 3 (PCOS control estradiol valerate 5 mg/rat), Group 4 (estradiol valerate + 1000 mg/kg Asparagus racemosus Prophylactic treatment from day 1 of induction of PCOS), Group 5 (estradiol valerate + 100 mg/kg Asparagus racemosus treatment, after induction of PCOS), Group 6 (Metformin 100 mg/kg). Haematological parameters such as glucose, total protein, albumin, ALT, AST, ALP, triglycerides, cholesterol, C reactive proteins, BUN and creatinine were studied in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Metformin group showed highly significant (P<0.01) reduction in haemoglobin, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and significant (P< 0.05) reduction in Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC) compared to prophylactic, therapeutic and PCOS groups while PCOS group showed elevation in platelet count (P< 0.05). Significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum glucose, cholesterol and CRP noticed in the PCOS groups compared to prophylactic, therapeutic and metformin groups. The results indicated that Asparagus racemosus had partial alleviating effect on haemato-biochemical parameters caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome in Wistar rats.

Incidence of candidiasis and its ability to be a primary infection in a native chicken flock of 500 birds reared in cage system was reported. Grossly, pseudomembranous growth giving turkey-towel appearance was noticed in dead birds. Crops from affected chicken yielded Candida albicans was confirmed by culture and germ tube production in poultry serum from the crop samples collected from affected birds. Administration of copper sulphate was found to be effective in containing illness and the signs associated with candidiasis in the affected flock.

Recently calved Jersey crossbred primiparous cow was presented with history of in appetence and scanty voiding of dung for past 3 days. On physical examination vital parameters were within normal range. On per rectal examination, there was distended caecum from the pelvic inlet which extended cranially. Per rectal examination revealed distension of caecum which was extended cranially. Simultaneous auscultation and percussion on the right upper flank revealed clear metallic ping sound which extended up to 11th intercostal space on first day. Transabdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed thick semicircular echogenic caecal wall and contents on mid upper flank, extended up to 11th intercostal space. Bethanechol 0.07 mg/kg SID orally along with parenteral fluid therapy was given for 3 days. On fourth day after initiation of therapy the animal voided dung normally and recovered uneventfully.

The quality and quantity of wool production is a function of number and type of wool follicles. Hence a study was conducted to evaluate the follicular characteristics of corriedale sheep, a dual purpose breed established well in the temperate climatic conditions of Kashmir valley. Skin samples of corriedale sheep were collected ethically from different body regions viz; neck, shoulder, thorax, flank and back of both sexes and preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The samples were processed for histomorphlogy. Primary and secondary follicle density and their diameter was recorded. Secondary to primary follicle ratio was also calculated. The study revealed the difference in the follicular density and S/P follicle ratio between the sexes as well as between the body regions. In general, the follicle density and S/P ratio was found higher in the flank and thorax region respectively. Evaluation of the follicular profile at flank and thorax during early period will serve as a reliable predictor for the wool yield and quality. 

The study was carried out on male zebrafish containing technical grade deltamethrin (98.5%). A total of 20 males were randomly divided into two groups (Group I) and Group II (Group II) and their pre-exposure spawn count, fecundity, and embryo mortality were calculated at weekly intervals within each group. Results show significant (p0.05 and 0.01) reduction in total count of embryos over 21 days in Group I. Similarly, in Group II it was 36.49 0.54, 72.740.09 and 86.370.06 at 7, 14 and 21 days respectively postexposure of males to deltamethionine.

Biometry and follicular parameters of porcine ovaries sourced from organized and unorganized-slaughterhouses and relative comparison of oocyte retrieval methods, namely aspiration and slicing, are reported in the present study. Average length and width of the ovaries, and numbers of surface and cystic follicles were higher in ovaries sourced from organized slaughterhouses. Average number of oocytes recovered per ovary by slicing (12.93±1.49) was significantly higher (P<0.01) than aspiration (6.36±1.02). However, aspiration yielded higher percentage (65.21±5.71) of good quality oocytes (A) (P<0.01) suitable for upstream applications of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Further, our study reveals that ovaries sourced from unorganized slaughterhouses can also be used for ART, and use of aspiration method may yield better quality oocytes.

Nutritional evaluation of different pulse chunnies was carried using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) and validated with wet analysis for inclusion in livestock feeds. The portable NIRS spectrophotometer FOSS XDS RCA and FOSS 6500 chemometrics software were used for the study. A total of 324 samples of four pulse chunnies (red gram (RGC), green gram (GGC), black gram (BLGC) and bengal gram (BGC)) were assessed using NIRS. It revealed that RGC had significantly (P<0.01) highest DM content than other three samples. The mean CP content was highest (P<0.01) in GGC and lowest in BGC and significantly (P<0.01) higher ether extract (EE) was recorded in BLGC and RGC and lowest in BGC samples. The ash content was significantly (P<0.01) highest in BLGC and lowest in RGC samples. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) contents were higher (P<0.01) in BGC and lower in GGC samples. Wet analysis shown, the DM content did not differ (P>0.05) among pulse chunni samples, while significantly (P<0.01) higher organic matter was recorded in RGC and lowest in BLGC samples. The CP was higher (P<0.01) in BLGC and lower in BGC and significantly (P<0.01) highest crude fibre recorded for BGC, RGC and was lowest in BLGC and GGC samples. Highest (P<0.05) EE was observed in BLGC while lowest in BGC. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in nitrogen free extract among pulse chunnies, while ash content was significantly (P<0.01) higher in BLGC and lower in RGC samples. NDF, ADF and ADL were significantly (P<0.01) higher in BGC and lower in GGC samples. The study concludes that the NIRS technique can be used to screen large number of samples in lesser time for using them in livestock feed formulations as there is a high correlation between NIRS and conventional feed analysis.

An outbreak of pasteurellosis was recorded in a local Japanese quail farm in Tamil Nadu with a flock capacity of 20,000 birds per batch. Mortality was reported in new arrival of 2000 birds of 14 week old quails. Mortality was recorded to be increasing from third day to 10th day of arrival with a total mortality of 410 birds at the rate of 20 birds per day for three consecutive days and 30 to 60 for seven consecutive days with the history of depression, ruffled feathers, discharge of mucous from the mouth and nostrils, anorexia, diarrhoea and respiratory distress. Necropsy was performed on dead birds which revealed numerous greyish necrotic foci scattered on the entire parenchyma of the liver on gross examination. Heart showed petechial haemorrhages on the pericardium while other organs namely kidney, intestine, spleen and lungs showed only congestion. Impression smear of the liver revealed presence of bipolar organisms on microscopic examination. Cultural examination of heart blood swab and PCR assay carried out on liver tissues confirmed the presence of Pasteurella multocida. Based on the postmortem examination and laboratory findings, diagnosis was confirmed as pasteurellosis and all the other ailing birds were treated with enrofloxacin orally @ 5 mg/kg body weight for 7 days. The treated birds became active with normal feeding habits after 10 days of treatment.