Ten eyes (5 right + 5 left ) of five healthy one humped camels (3 male +2 females) aged between (8-12) years old, brought from Shulla slaughter house at Baghdad governorate -Iraq. The study showed that the ciliary body located at the base of iris inside the eye ball (Topographically at limbus) in histological section of eye ball appeared as triangular area.The microscopical examination observed the ora ciliaris retinae ( line of ending Retinae and choroid ) this site represent limits and indicate the area of gradually changed choroid to ciliary body, which posses (111-115) ciliary prosses act as site of zonulary ligament attachment. That important in modification of eye lens during vision

The current trail designed toevaluate the effectivenessofusing small intestinalsubmucosa ( SIS ) to accelerate healing of Achilles tendon in thestray local breeddog .Ten healthy dogs of both sexeswere usedin thepresent studywhich randomly divided into two equal groups. Thefirstgroup;Achilles tendon acutetransversely transectedand sutured via cross mattress technique with silk suture materialwith supporting ofgypsona.The second groupacute transected tendon sutured andtreated with thesmall intestinal submucosal patch .All operative dogs inspected clinically,grossly as well ashistopathologically during different periods. Results obtained in the first group showed no contamination, no complicationsand there was no anatomical distortions were detectedat operative site except there is adhesion between tendon and neighboring tissues in the first group healing was uncompleted, suture material still presence up to 90 day.At treatment groupclinically animals lame and sign of mild stiffness appeared for three days, no serious complications, grossly was no adhesion detected, the submucosa subsided completely and complete healing occurs at 90 days postoperatively.Histologicallyatcontrol group 30 days post operativelyuncompleted healing, moderate fibroblast proliferation and inflammatory cells were presence, but at 90 dayspresence of dense connective at the site of operation. In treatmentgroup healing progress, autograft is mostly atrophied and organized with granulation at 90 days,hence healing completed perfectly at this period. In conclusion The repairing of acute transverse cutting of Achilles tendon was significantly accelerated with small intestinal submucosal layer which was absorbed andimproves the tissue quality render the native one .

Three enterotoxigenic isolates of Staphylococcus aureus previously isolated from contaminated milk and evaluated for their enterotoxin producing ability and histopathological changes by the ligated rabbit ileal loop assay. The results of this assay revealed that crud toxin obtained by these isolates caused fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops. Fluid aspirated from the loops was bloody and the histopathological changes in sections were characterized by moderate to sever haemorrhage, erosion and inflammatory cells, in addition there was distortion and shift of villi. This finding established that staphylococcal enterotoxin that associated with vomiting and diarrhea , which often abate within 24 hrs., there was potential risk for more serious disturbances such as inflammation, tissue damage and toxic shock.

The experiment was carried out in twelve adult healthy ' dogs of both sexes via closed system of anesthesia. The animals were divided into two group's six animals of each. The first group was treated with a protocol of thiopentone sodium I.V. at the dose (20mg/kg B.wt, premedicated with diazepam . The second group was treated with protocol of propofol I.V. (2mg /kg B.wt) premedicated with diazepam and undergoing pneumoperitoneum with CO2 anesthesia maintained with halothane 2%. The anesthetic, behavioral, biochemical changes were recorded during different periods. The results showed respiratory depression but marked hypoxia not observed at early duration of anesthesia. The endotracheal tube freely introduced within 3-2.5 min. The CO2 gas smoothly delivered into the abdomen without serious complications. In the second group, the induction was rapid with smooth and unexcited recovery and excellent muscle relaxation. In conclusion, the two combination proved to be an effective anesthetic protocol and adequate for minor rapid surgical interventions

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of sub-clinical mastitis and sex of birth on physico chemical composition of milk for some species of farm animals (Cows, Sheep and Goats ) in Al-Diwania province during a period from March to August 2012. A total of (120) samples of raw milk includes (40) samples for cows, (35) samples for sheep and (45) samples for goats were used in this study. The results of this study revealed that there was a significantly difference (P

Twenty nine E. coli isolates were previously isolated from beef from slaughter house, and raw milk of different origin were collected from different parts in Basrah. Five E. coli isolates were identified as E.coli O157:H7 using O157 and H7 antisera. E. coli O157:H7 isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility test. The results showed that all tested bacteria were sensitive to gentamycin and Amikacin and resistant to amoxicillin and cefoxitim. The DNA of these isolates were amplified to detect verotoxins gene (vt1, 91bp) and pyelonephritis-associated pili gene ( pap,91bp). All the isolates were observed having (vt1) All the isolates were observed having (vt1) and pap genes.

A one hundred thirty two Awassi ewes aged between 1.5-4 years old suffering from dystocia, were brought by farmer to Veterinary Teaching Hospital related to College of Veterinary Medicine- University of Mosul-Mosul governorate- Iraq, treated during the lambing seasons for three years started from November 2010 to end of December 2012. Results of this study were recorded ring womb as main causes of dystocia, the maximum percentage was 81.8 %( 108,132). The other causes of dystocia were fetal mal-position 8.3% (11,132), narrow pelvic 5.3 %( 7,132), monster fetus %3.0(132,4), complicated cases (interfering more than one cause) 1.5%(2,132). although several methods of treatment have been tried, correction and manual treatment, hormonal treatment, cesarean section and fetotomy: Cesarean section had higher a positive response during treatment 61.2%, correction and manual traction recorded as second best treatment of dystocia 24.2%, hormonal treatment 12.8% and fetotomy 0.7%. It could be concluded that ringworm (maternal origin) was the major causes of dystocia in Iraqi Awassi ewes; cesarean section appears to be a safe and successful procedures for management of dystocia if performed as early as possible.

Fourty locally white soft cheese random samples were collected from different markets of Baghdad Algadeda city in order to investigate the presence of Salmonellae Spp. in cheese which produced and consumed locally in Baghdad. The samples were collected during the period from December 2011 to March 2012. The samples were directly transferred to the laboratory and analyzed immediately without further storage. The isolation and identification methods include: (pre-enrichment) culture stage by peptone water then (Selective enrichment) culture stage by selenite broth after that culturing on sold (Selective media) which was Bismuth Sulphate agar. The biotyping by using API strip according to the API 20E miniaturized identification system for Salmonella SPP.. The isolated Salmonella strains were transferred on Triple Sugar Iron agar to undergone stereotyping at the Institute of Public Health,Baghdad,Iraq. Data revealed that 2 out of the total 40 (5%) of the cheese samples were contaminated with Salmonella spp. Salmonella typhimurium was the only serotype that have been found.

This study was planned to assess the effect of laparoscopic ovarioctomy in bitches on estrogen and progesterone hormones levels pre and post operation . The hormonal analysis was performed by Serum which was extracted from blood samples , the hormonal test include ( estrogen and progesterone ) , by using a device called Mini vidas system hormones assay with the kit of Bio merio of same company and then results were recorded , which include decrease in level of ( estrogen and progesterone ) post operation in two groups , but the level of depression in group B ( bilateral laparoscopic ovarioctomy ) more than group A ( unilateral laparoscopic ovarioctomy

The present study was undertaken to find the alteration in some urine and serum parameters of urolithiasis rabbits induced by sodium oxalate .Animals were divided into two groups six in each, first group animals received only normal saline (0.9%) as control group , while second group animals were treated with sodium oxalate (70 mg / Kg b.w intraperitoneal ) daily for 15 days as treatment group . The results of urine analysis indicated that increased urine specific gravity , protein level and leukocytes , while decreased pH in treatment group as compared with control group , also observed that hemolysis in urine but there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in urine level of glucose , Ketones , nitrite , urobilinogen and bilirubin in treatment group as compared with control group . The results of serum analysis indicated that there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in serum level of calcium and phosphorus , while , increased serum level of sodium , potassium , uric acid and creatinine in treatment group as compared with control group . The study indicated that there was some changes in both urine and serum parameters in urolithasis .