The study was demonstrated on quantitative evaluation of SRY and ZFX gene of (120) semenstraws from 10 Holliston bull (60) straws in cooling state 5C° and 60 straws after deep freezingin liquid nitrogen) . The samples collected from the Artificial Insemination Center of Abo-Ghreeb / Baghdad . All samples were sent to the laboratory for DNA extraction using (QiampDNA extraction Kit) and primer design then testing in real time PCR. The results showed therewere highly significant variation in the sex ratio of cooled and frozen semen straws which variedbetween (35%-59% in ZFX , 37%-58% in SRY and 40%-69% in ZFX , 30%-53% in SRY forfrozen and cooled semen respectively ) . The study conclude that it was easy and possible todetect the quantity of sex ratio for each bull through using real time PCR . The freezing processof semen could cause decrease in the percentages of SRY (minimum 30%) and increase in thepercentage of ZFX (maximum 69%) .

This study is conducted on two types of pigeons, wild pigeons (Columbia livia) and(streptopliadecaocto). A total of(201) birds were examined for ectoparasits,included(143) Streptopliadecaoctoand (58)Columba livia. It was found that (37) birds wereinfected with more than one type of lice. The percentage of infection inColumbialivia(64%), the highest infection inFebruary (92%)and March (62%); Noinfectiondetected in streptopliadecaocto. Four types of ectoparasiteswere isolated fromColumbia livia:Columbicolacolumbae, Hohorstiellalata, Coloceras damicorne,campanulotesbidentatusscopolicampanulotesbidentatusscopoli

The study was carried out on 523 local sheep breeds of different ages and of bothsexes represents different herds, reared in different areas of Basrah governorate. Fiftyfour(54) local sheep breeds were show different clinical sings including sings ofphotosensitization, parakeratosis , alopecia, Intense itching ,swelling of ears, anorexiaand decreased milk production and twenty three(23) clinically healthy local sheepbreeds were considered as controls. The study was documented at late summer andearly autumn time / 2015. Complete clinical examinations had been applied to allanimals. Results indicated that diseased sheep show signs of anorexia, salivation,decrease milk production in milking animals, transient diarrhea, hypotricosis speciallyof face with irregular patches of wool looseness, Intense itching of different bodyparts, signs of parakeratosis, swelling and dropping of ears, icteric mucousmembranes specially of eyes, furthermore, on clinical examinations diseased animalsshow rapid abdominal respiration, tachycardia with strong heart beats, decreaseruminal contractions and increase body temperature, moreover hematologicalexaminations show significant decrease in total RBC, Hb and PCV count reflectingMacrocytic hypochromic anemia, moreover total leukocytes count were alsoincreased significantly due to increase lymphocytes and eosinophiles. Dataconcerning biochemical analysis revealed significantly decrease in total protein valuesand zinc, whereas ALT.AST.ALP. Total and direct bilirubine and GGT, weresignificantly increased in diseased sheep compared with controls. Postmortemexamination of dead or slaughtered animals showed enlarged icteric liver and have amarked lobular pattern with yellow white patches of necrotic lesions, However somecases show atrophied and marked fibrosed liver, in addition, histopathologicalexamination of skin raveled hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis with vacuolatedkeratinocytes and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells mainly lymphocytes,  moreover keratinized epidermis of the skin indicated severe parakeratosis with thickkeratin deposition and infiltration of lymphocytes, however liver of dead orslaughtered animals show severe fibrosis of portal region with presence of edematousfluid around bile duct and portal vasculatures were found congested, furthermore,stenosis of bile duct due to hepatic fibrosis was detected with edematous fluids aroundportal region included bile duct .It had been concluded that the results revealed thatthe facial eczema syndrome was hepatogenic, light allergic eczema caused by toxichepatic dysfunctions and hepatonecrosis in grazing sheep in this area

This study was carried out for detection of Salmonella isolates from 278 different samples(direct milk 50 samples, indirect milk 50 samples, feces 50 samples, teat swabs 50 samples ,hand milker swabs 28 and 50 stool samples ) in Basrah during the period between 20 September2015 to 5 January 2016. The results revealed that the incidence rate of Salmonella isolates insamples was 6.1% by using API system, serotyping and PCR technique. Serological methodsrevealed that high percentage of Salmonella serotype was Salmonella typhimurium 29.5%. Thehighest resistance of Salmonella spp. isolates were found against chloramphenicol and rifampin(100%). Whereas the lowest resistance was against ciprofloxacin (0.0%). Using plasmid curingby temperature method showed that 41.1% of total Salmonella isolates were related plasmidantimicrobial resistance.

aim of this study was to estimated genetic parameters of dystocia variable in Holsteindairy cows in Iran. For this purpose we used of data set that related to 734 herds of Holsteincows in Iran that was collected from 24 years ago (between 1990-2014) by breeding centerand improve livestock production of Iran country. To study the structure of the data,descriptive statistics and observations to correction effects we used of the SAS 9.1 statisticalsoftware and GLM procedure. To obtain genetic parameters attribute dystocia we used of AIREML procedures of WOMBAT software to analyzed univariate linear model and the resultsobtained are as follows: Additive variance, residual variance, phenotypic variance andheritability (±SE) for the first period of lactation, are 0.0045103, 0.029629, 0.034139,0.132±0.003 respectively, for the second period of lactation are 0.00063452, 0.073695,0.074329, 0.009±0.002 respectively and for third period of lactation are 0.00036919,0.073817, 0.074187, 0.005±0.001 respectively was estimated. In all three lactation periodswe can seen that lowest percentage of dystocia was occurred at age 27 to 28 months 18.66%,between the ages of 28 to 38 months 10.14% and for ages 40 to 51 months 9.61% and by considering Cochran Armitage test results we can determined that the difference between the classes for this trend is significant statistically(p<0.0001).

The Phenotypic identification results revealed that Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB)isolates which is characterized by both Gram positive and catalase negative reactionswas observed in 51 % of cow raw milk bacterial isolates with 51% an overall ratio.Thehigher results(58.5%.) of conventionallbacteriological analysis were observed in rawmilk bacterial isolates of cows lat first age group(≥3 - < 9 year) , There wassignificantleffect ( p< 0.05)for the cows age on the raw milk bacterialisolatesldistribution .The number of parturition affect significantly ( p< 0.05) on thelrawmilk bacterial isolates distribution and high ratio( 52%)of LAB isolateslwas observed incows with ≥6-<12 number oflparturitionDepending on genotypic identification results the high ratio (100%) ofpositivelresults of 16S rDNA based PCR appeared in all of raw milk bacterial isolatesof cowslat second age group(≥9 - ˂15 year) , and the difference between the twoagelgroups stastically was not considered significant (P>0.05)..The number ofparturitionlhad اhigh significant effect (p< 0.001) on16S rDNA based PCRpositivelresults and high ratio(50%) of these results was observed inlcows with 1 - <6 number oflparturition.Subsequent bacteriocin encoding geneslbased PCR analysisof 16S rDNA genes based PCR positive LAB revealed that higher ratio of PCRpositive results (60.9%) was observed in EntlB followed by Nis encodinggenes(30.4%) . High significant difference(P<0.01) was observed amonglthe Nis, EntA and Ent B encoding genes based PCR positivelresults.

Myrtus communis(myrtle) is rare medicine plant that exist in limited areas in Iran and theworld. Essential oil of myrtle leaf is containing terpinolene, cineole,linalool,terpineol andlinalyl acetate. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of myrtus communis leafon some blood parameters of Arabi sheep. Eight sheep with 9month’s age and average weight32±1.5 kg were fed with control diet (30:70 forage to concentrate without myrtle leaf) anddiet containing 4% myrtle leaf for one month. In the end of experiment, blood samples weretaken and some metabolites were measured. The results of this experiment showed dietcontaining 4% myrtle leaf significantly reduced blood urea, triglyceride and glucose ofsheeps in compared with the control diet. But the blood cholesterol value of sheeps did notaffected by inclusion of myrtle leave. Therefore, according to the effect of phytochemicals ofmyrtus communis leaf on decreasing blood parameters, it seems to be used by 4% in Arabisheep diet.

Investigation of bovine adenovirus type 3 in symptomatic and asymptomaticcattle were carried out in this study ofdetecting circulating specific bovine adenovirustype 3 antibodies by Indirect ELISA and standard PCR technique. The studyexhibited these virus have detected by ELISA more than PCR technique. The resultswere showed thatthe overall seropositivity ratio of bovine adenovirus antibodies inanimals of Basra was (61.9%) and bovine fecal samples will tested byPCRwereonly seven fecal positive sample (6.1%) was found.

The present study was conducted during the period from September 2015 untilApril 2016. 100 fecal samples was collected from goats to diagnosis ofcryptosporidium parasite from different regions in AL-Qadisiya province and thestudy designed to evaluate the microscopic features of the parasite.The results ofmicroscopic examination showed that the oocyst of parasite appearedoval-shaped orspherical objects with a color dark pink, or red on a blue ground ,21(21%) goats out100cases were positivewith significant differences at level (P < 0.05) The resultsshowed that the highest rate of infection (31.5%) were observed in the ages (6-12)year respectively, while the lowest rate of infection (11.1%) that was observed in theages (1-3) year . There are effects of the sex in the infection in goats. The highestrates of infection (33.3 %) were seen in December and lowest rate (8.3%) wereobserved in September , while the other months, showed different results, withsignificant differences at (P < 0.05) From the results , it was observed that the rate ofinfection in different study area were relatively close ,and ranged between (18.7-23.3%) , so there has been non- significant differences at level (P > 0.05)and using ofocular micrometer for determination of length and width of oocyststhat showedthemeasurement from (4.5-5)μm .

In order to investigate the histopathological features of ovine intestinal adenomas, the study achieved in 27 macroscopically suspected intestinal adenomas of sheep aged between 2-3 years, which diagnosed in Basrah abattoir, the intestines of slaughtered sheep were fixed and processed for light microscopy. The histopathological results showed multiple stages of neoplastic differentiation, mainly circumscribed areas suggesting adenomatous form by proliferating mucous glands in sub mucosal region of colon of varying sizes, some of which with clear proliferating hypertrophic and hyperplastic epithelial lining with area of angiogenesis and hemorrhage around them. Morever, the results showed circumscribed areas of adenomatous glandular structures enclosed by superficial mucosal epithelium and in sub mucosal region of rectum. It had been concluded that the ovine intestinal adenomas showed a degree of differentiation in mid aged sheep (2-3 years old aged) that may resembles other adenomatous intestinal lesions reported in more older age of others domestic animals.