This study was carried out to compare the distribution pattern of the bombesin immunoreactive neurons of the hypothalamic nucleus in the rat and Mongolian gerbil. The bombesin immunoreactive neurons in the rat were located in the dorsal part of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, but in the Mongolian gerbil inthe compact part of dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus. From this results, we could get an evidence that there were some differences in the distrbution of peptidebetween rat and Mongolian gerbil.

In the mannalian ovary, follicular development and stresia continuously occur during the reproductive cycles. Follicular atresia occurs through granulosa cell apoptosis. Apoptosis is known as the physiological cell death, which is regulated by bcl-2 gene family. In the vcl-2 gene family, bcl-2 and bcl-xLong are known as inhibitors of apoptosis, whereas bax and bcl-xShort are known as inducer of apoptosis. We thought that bcl-2 protein is associated with follicular development and atresia. But it is not known that the distribution of cells containing bcl-2 protein during follicular development and atresia. Therefore, to examine the distribution of cells with bcl-2 protein during ovarian follicular development and atresia. Therefore, to examine the distribution of cells with bcl-2 protein during ovarian follicular development and atresia, the immunohistochemistry was used ih the rat ovary. Bcl-2 immunorectivity was localized in the intestitial cells, theca externa cells and granulosa cells around of antrum. All positive sighals were observed in the cytoplasm of these cells. Positive sighals were strongly observed in the interstitial and theca externa cells of growing antral follicles. While, positive signals were weakly observed in these cells from atretic antral follicles. Positive sighals were very weakly observed in the granulosa cells of growing and atreticantral follicles. According to these data, we suggested that bcl-2 proteins which were wtrongly expressed in the interstitial cells and theca externa cells of growing antral folicles inhibit follicular atresia. And wer purposed that bcl-2 proteins regulated follicular development and atresia through the action of acl-2 gene family.

The development of uterus in fetuses on 60, 90 and 120 days of gastation and neonates of Korean native goats was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The results were summarized as follows; 1. in the 60-day-old fetuses, the short microvilli were sporadically observed on the luminal surface of the endometrium. 2. In the 90-day-old fetuses, the mucosal folds, polygonal microridges, numerous microvilli, flower-like-buds, and domeshpaed or crateriform area were also observed on the luminal surface of endometrium. 3. In the 120-day-old fetuse, the primordial caruncles(nodules) of the endometrium were developed conspicuously and long microvilli were developed densely. 4. In the neonates, thecaruncles and microvilli of the endometrium were more developed than those of 120-day-old fetuses.

The present work was conducted to investigate the drug susceptibility of microorganisms isolated form canine external ear canals. Antifungal susceptibility test of M pachydermatis(17 strains) was performed by agar dilution method, using 11 antifungal drugs including amphotericin B(A), nystatin(N), pimaricin(P), griseofulvin(G), gifonazole(B), clotrimazole(C), miconazole(M), econazole(E), ketoconazole(K), tolnaftate(T), 5-fluorocytosine(F). All isolates were highly sensitive to K, M, T(geometric mean MIC;GM MIC_0.16 micro gram/ml). Antibacterial susceptibility test against 119 isolates of bacteria was performed by agar dilution method, using 9 antibacterial drugs including erythromycin(ET), chloramphenicol(CP), gentamycin(G), vancomycin(V), ampicillin(AP), amoxacillin(AX), chlortetracycline(CT), ciprofloxacin(CF), enrofloxacine(EF). All isolates of Staphylococcus spp(101 strains) were highly sensitive to EF, CF, G(GM MIC 0.33~1.47 micro gram/ml). In other gram positive cocci(4 strains), they were highly sensitive to EF, CF, V(GM MIC 1~4.76 micro gram/ml) and CT(GM MIC 1 UFL unit/ml). In gram positive rods(13 strains), they were highly sensitive to EF, CF, G(GM MIC_0.19~1 micro gram/ml). In Pseudomonas aeruginosa(1 strain), it was highly sensitive to AX, EF, ET, CF(GM MIC 0.06~1 micro gram/ml) and CT(GM MIC 1 UFL unit/ml). All isolates weren't sensitive to AP(GM MIC 16~32 micro gram/ml).

This study was carried out to develop a newly designed ovum pick-up(OPU) instrument for ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular aspiration in cows. This new instrument consists of out- & inner-layer stainless pipes and a grip with a trigger(hand ) switch. Some gauge types of disposable needles and tubes can be attached to this inner pipe. With this instrument, while grasping an avary with one hand the other hand can handle in apiration and vacuum on/off with the least assitant's help. with this instrument the mean recovery rate of bovine follicular oocytes was 45.2%. In recovered oocytes, usable oocytes(Grade I & II) were 30.4% and this rate meant 1.4 oocytes per ovary. For 30 days after initial aspiration with this instrument, some adverse effects such as adhesion, hemorrhage, hematoma and other mass formation in/with ovaries were also examined by rectal examination, ultrasonographic and endoscopic images. Adhesion was found in one ovary 1 week after aspiration, and hemorrhagic lesion was found 1-2 days and petechia were found 3-5 days after aspiration and there was no remarkable adverse effects. It was found that this instrument could be applicable and safe for ovum pick-up in cows.

Field infectious bursal disease viruses 9IBDVs) were isolated from IBDV-suspected commercial chickens. The variable region in VP2 gene of six Korean IBDV isolates (K-IBDVs) and IBD vaccines was examined using the reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RT/PCR-RFLP) assay. With all K-IBDVs and vaccine IBDVs, a 474-bp fragment of the VP2 gene was amplified and tested with various restriction enzymes. Resseriction enzymes BstNI and StyI differentiated K-IBDV isolates and IBD vaccines into four groups. Reseriction enzyme profiles of K-IBDV isolates were different from them of IBD vaccines. K-IBDV isolates except for 310 isolate had specific SspI and TaqI recognition sites, which were recognized in highly virulent IBDVs, but IBD vaccines had no those sites. This study showed that RT/PCR-RFLP assay was thought to be valuable tool for differentiation of IBDVs and identification of highly virulent IBDV.

Twenty-one dogs(male 11 heads, female 10 heads) which were about 16 months (16.3+_3.5) old and 10kg(10.1+_2.0) body weight, were allotted randomly into four groups as follows. Group I consisted of five dogs whose muscles were operated for sham muscle injuries. Group II consisted of seven dogs treated for cystic duct obstruction. Group III consisted of five dogs treated for the union fracture model. Group IV consisted of five dogs treated for the nonunion fracture model. Radiographical and histological observations were carried out to determine bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) and total alkaline phosphatase(TALP) values of each group for 20 weeks after the treatments with the condition of new bone formation. And also the applicability of percentage of BALP values to TALP (B/T) was studied after BALP was compared respectively with TALP. The level of TALP was increased without any relation to bone formation in group II, and all levels of BALP and B/T were increased in group III. The mean of B/T was high in statistical significance, due to varied levels of B/T and BALP. The changes of rates of B/T were significantly increased only in the case of the active new bone formation in group III, union fracture model. It was recognized that the mean values of B/T were statistical significant of the high applicability of the B/T ratio as and index of bone formation.

This study was carried out to nvestigate the NPY-immunohistochemical characteristics of the olfactory bulb in the striped field mouse(Apodemus agrarius). The animals were anesthesized with thiopental sodium and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde through left ventricle and aorta. Brains were removed and tranfered 10%, 20% and 30% sucrose. Sections were then cut on a cryostat into 40 micro meter-thick. The tissue immunostained with avidin-biotinylated complex method. The main olfactory bulb consisted of seven circumferential laminae: and olfactory nerve fiber layer, a glomerular layer with glomeruli surrounding by periglomerular cells, an external plexiform layer having granule and tufted cells, a mitral cell layer, a narrow internal plexiform layer, a granule cell layer forming several cell rows and alayer of white matter. The accessory olfactory bulb had four layers: an olfactory or vomeronasal nerve fiber layer, a glomerular layer consisting of small glomeruli, a mixed layer not distinguishing the external plexiform/mitral cell/granule cell layers and a granule cell layer. Most of NPY-immunoreactive(NPY-IR) neurons in main olfactory bulb were localized in the deeper portion of granule cell layer, white matter and anterior olfactory nucleus. In addition, some NPY-IR neurons were identified in the external plexiform layer. The shape of NPY-IR neurons of all olfactory bulb were predominant round or oval, sometime multipolar in shape. And most NPY-IR processes were parallel to long axis of white matter. In accessory olfactory bulb, NPY-IR neurons were not found in all region.

Hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes are lymphoid organs that share morphologic and functional characteristics of lymph nodes and spleens. The aim of the present study was to obtain new informations on the distinct morphological structures of hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes according to ages, andto get the basic data for their functions in Korean native goats. Goats were divided into 5 groups, consisting of 3 animals aged 1, 3, 6, 10 and 12 months, respectively. Ultrastructural features of the organs were observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The sinuses of hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes were lined by enodthelial-like reticular cells which had euchromatin-rich nuclei and many cytoplasmic processes, surrounding collagen fibrils. Macrophages containing phagocytosed erythrocytes were often noted in the diffuse lymphatic tissues of hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes. Some mast cells were in contact with the plasma cells near the blood vessel. Hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes had venous sinusal-like vessels which were different from the deep sinus. The lymph vessels with valves were observed in the capsule of the hemolymph node. There were no ultrastructural differences of the organs in the age different groups of the animals. These results suggest that hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes may take part in hemopoiesis, blood filtration and immune reaction in Korean native goats.

The morphological studies on the cecal development in the 60-, 90-, and 120-day-old fetuses and the newborns of Korean native goats were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results were summarized as follows; Scanning electron microscopic studies: 1. In the 60-day-old fetuses, fold-like shpaes protrusion oon the cecal mucosa surface appeared. In the 90-day-old fetuses, the cecal villi appeared to be columnar shpaes. In the 120-day-old fetuses, the cecal villi showed variou tongue-like or columnar shpaes. In the newborns, only the rudimental trace of the villi and the intestinal glands were observed. 2. In the 60-day-old fetuses, the cecal epithelia were simple columnar in some areas and stratified columnar in others, and the epithelial cells contained nuclei, nucleoli, ER, mitochondria, Golgi complexes, zonula occuludens, desmosomes, digitiform intercellular junctions, and large masses of the glycogen granules. 3. In the 90-day-old fetuses, the cecal epithelia were simple columnar in some area and stratified columnar in other. The microvilli of the cecal epithelia became much larger and longer than those in the 60-day-old fetuses, and intercellular junctions were developed, and increased numbers of ER, mitochondria, Golgi complexes were observed and the goblet cells contained a lot of the secretory granules. 4. In the 120-day-old fetuses, the cecal epithelia were only columnar in all areas. Microvilli and cytoplasmic organelles were well developed and the irregular annular nuclei were observed. 5. In the newborns, the cecal epithelia were covered with extensive microvilli, and the goblet cells with secretory granules were protruded into lumen. And some goblet cells secreted the secretory granules into the lumen.