Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an acute, arthropod-borne disease of cattle. The disease is characterized by sudden onset of fever, high morbidity and very low mortality. Recovery occurs within three days of the onset of clinical signs. BEF is an important viral disease of cattle in Egypt so the live attenuated BEFV vaccine which is inactivated just before inoculation by reconstitute in PBS containing saponin. is extensive used for the prevention and control of the disease. Different assays were applied in the current study to quality control evaluate of that produce vaccine by detection of viral identity and viability before and after reconstitution by using real time quantitative reserve transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and clinical findings (Body temperature and clinical signs) and potency by measuring the humoral immune response by serum neutralization test (SNT) and ELISA and cellular immune response by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) using ELISA kit and Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and also by lymphocyte cell proliferation assay using tetrazolium salt(XTT).

Effect of age, sex and season were measured during and before sexual maturation of black local quail males and females .Meals erythrocytes count showed higher value compared with that of adult females 6 month .Haemoglobin and hematocrit of adult males were significantly higher than those of adult females. However total leukocyte count and Hetrophil/Lymphocytes(H/L) ratio of the adult female were higher than those of males. Body weight of both sexes increased with age. In the present study the result indicated that erythrocyte, Hemoglobin concentrations and PCV values affected by season. As well as many of the Haematological parameters differed significantly (P

Indirect ELISA test was used to detect specific antibodies against Coxiella burnetti in sheep in different regions of Basra province.184 local sheep breeds were randomly selected of different ages and of both sexes were used in this study, including 98 pregnant ewes, 55 non-pregnant ewes, 8 aborted ewes ,7 ewes of still births, moreover 112 lower than 2 years,more than 2 years 72and 13 rams. Results showed, that the percentage of infection detected by indirect ELISA were 41.84%. It have been concluded that C.burnetti were infected ewes of different status in Basra province, therefor periodic investigation of suspected animals must adviced. were a significant between, areas, age, groups pregnancy status and still birth ewes .incontrast non significant different were detected among gender , abortion .

This study was carried out to determine the effect of the herb and Urtica dioica of the vitality of the Eimeria tenella, it conducted on 150 Ross broiler chicks, divided randomly on the seventh days into six groups. The last two groups (five and six) were considered as a positive and negative control groups, the first five groups were experimentally infected by 1000 oocysts/bird of Eimeria tenella at 17 days old directly in to the crop. The first four groups were given Artemisia herba alba and Urtica dioica According to concentrations for each group. Results were indicated a higher significant differences ( P

In present study investigated of the histological structure of the gills of two fish species: Cyprinus carpio and Otolithes rubber which represented fresh water and seawater fish respectively. A total 20 specimens of freshwater fish (Cyprinus carpio) collected from Shatt-Al-Arab and 20 specimens of seawater fish(Otolithes ruber) were collected from Arabian Gulfs. The histological examination of gill samples showed that the seawater samples had a larger number of the chloride and pavement cells, compare with C. carpio. Also the gill raker of the O. rubber was appeared a cartilage and osseous tissue in the external side, while fibrous connective tissue, skeletal muscle layer and large amounts of adipose tissue was noticed in internal side, while the rake gills of the freshwater fish C. carpio was showed lake of the bone and skeletal muscle as well as adipose tissue.

Essentiaol oil of thymus vulgaris and origanum vulgare were extracted by hexane and analyzed to the component by GC-MAS Gas chromatography. in vivo study was done on seventy two healthy mature non pregnant female rabbits. Animals were divided into nine groups of eight animals for each one. the first group was injected by 0.1ml physiological saline vaginally and served as a negative control group. All other eight groups were immune suppressed by drenching each animal with (5 mg/kg) dexamethasone once daily for 7 days ,group 2 considered as a dexamethasone control group. Other seven groups were infected vaginally with Candida albicans by (1.5)×〖10〗^8 candida cells/ml once daily for 7 days group 3 considered as vaginal candida (positive) control. The sixth groups then treated once daily for 14 days with ( 0.1) ml of oils according to each group:- group 4 was treated with thyme oil orally, group5 treated with thyme oil vaginally ,group 6 treated with oregano oil orally, group 7 treated with oregano oil vaginally, group 8 treated by oral nystatin, Group 9 treated vaginally with nystatin. Blood was drawn from animals at the end of the experiment all experimental animals were sacrificed and pituitaries; ovaries and uteri were collected and fixed in 10% formalin for histological technique. result explained that candidiasis caused significant increase in progesterone, LH and FSH also decreased in estrogen compared to control. Treatment with thyme or oregano oils by two routs showed decrease in progesterone and an increase in estrogen than candidiasis group. So FSH and LH decreased in groups treated with two oils compared to candidisasis group but not reached to normal level. Nystatin decreased all reproductive hormones. results showed improvement of organs structures in treated with thyme or oregano oils

Tomato, is today the most popular garden vegetable in worldwide, because of its high consumption. Tomato contain a variety of phytochemical , such as lycopene , flavonoids, glycosides and other chemical constituents that have been beneficial protective effect. The present study carried out to evaluate the effect of two different doses (2 mg/kg BWand 4 mg/kg BW) of tomato extract against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in albino rats. Thirty two adult male albino rats randomly divided into four equal groups were used in this study, the results revealed that administration of 0.75% H2O2 in drinking water (groupI) produced significant decline of antioxidant enzymes ( superoxide dismutase (SOD) , glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) ) and serum albumin concentration , with significant elevation of lipid peroxidation rate by estimation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxynitrite radical (ONOO). Also, H2O2 caused significant increase in serum concentration of alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin . On the other hand the animals treated with H2O2 plus 4 mg/kg BW of tomato extract (groupIII) showed significant increase of SOD, GSH, CATand albumin with significant reduction of MDA ,ONOO, ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin comparing with control group. Depending on the above oxidant and antioxidant markers, it seems that 4 mg/kg BW. of tomato extract exert beneficial action protect against H2O2 induced oxidative stress in rats.

Ninety six for each healthy(n=96)and atopic,(n=96)individuals duals from the same geographical region, paired by sex and age, their sera specific IgE antibodies were estimated by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay test (ELISA) and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction based onHLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 andHLA-DRB1*12. The specific IgE based on ELISA results revealed that Out of 96 only59 (61.5%) of atopic patients were sensitive to CR allergen. The association between sensitivity to CR allergen and age was considered to be not statistically significant (P>0.05).However the higher rate of CR allergens sensitivity(62.9%) was observed in first age group(

Investigations of the proteolytic Gram Negative Psychrotrophs(GNP) bacteria was the basal objective of this study. A conventional diagnostic PCR technique based on three pairs of primers including SerAgeneto amplify an 950 bp fragment of Acinetobacter sppDNA,serAgene for/A. hydrophila ( 650bp): and aprgene for/S. marcescens (500bps) was done.In the present study the 29 bacterial isolates obtained from 100 cows raw milk samples were collected randomly from healthy cows with different age and breed present in different farms of Thi-Qar province, previously refrigerated for 72 hr. These isolates subjected to cultural-based enrichment and PCR- based identification .The present results revealed that the raw milk GNP contamination overall ratio was 29% . Acinetobacter spp were the most predominant bacteria (16%) among the studied GNP contaminants, while A.hydrophila appeared in a ratio of 7% and S. marcescens showed the lower ratio ( 6%). ,the results of the studied genes product of GNP bacteria was considered to be highly statistically significant (P>0.001).The distribution of studied GNP according to age ,parturition number and breed of studied animals was investigated. The effect of these factors on the PCR-based identification results was considered to be not statistically significant(P>0.05) however, the higher overall ratio(29.1%) for cow raw milk contamination was observed in raw milk of cows between

Water extract of castor bean was prepared and injected in mice in order to study the effect of acute phase of toxicity (in different doses) on living tissue, for these reasons, 24 male white mice were divided equally into 4 groups. The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups were injected with the aqueous extraction of the castor seeds subcutaneously with 20, 30 and 60 mg/Kg of body weight, respectively, while the 4th group used as control group. After 24 hrs. the internal organs showed degenerative changes and proteintious material in the spleen and kidney, also these organs in addition to liver and stomach showed inflammatory reaction in their parenchyma. The lesions in the examined internal organs were mild in a dose of 20 mg/Kg B.W. and more sever lesions seen in a dose of 60 mg/kg of body weight.