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Production performance of Alabio ducks (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) under different levels of drinking water salinity Full text
2022
Abrani Sulaiman (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia) | Surya Rahmatullah (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia) | Hefni Effendi (Center for Environmental Science PPLH, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia) | Gamaliel Simanungkalit (School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.)
Production performance of Alabio ducks (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) under different levels of drinking water salinity Full text
2022
Abrani Sulaiman (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia) | Surya Rahmatullah (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia) | Hefni Effendi (Center for Environmental Science PPLH, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia) | Gamaliel Simanungkalit (School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.)
Objective: To examine the effects of the salinity level of drinking water on the egg production and quality of Alabio ducks. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 female Alabio ducks, aged 6 months, were subjected to this study. All ducks were kept in stage-type cages (1 m length × 1 m width × 0.5 m height), where each cage was inhabited by 4 ducks for 56 days of experimentation. All ducks were offered a mixed ration ad libitum for laying ducks, according to the nutritional requirements for egg-type ducks. The treatment in this study was drinking water with five stratified salinity levels, namely P0 = freshwater (0% salinity); P1 = water with a salinity of 0.75 practical salinity unit (PSU) (equal to 0.75 g NaCl/l); P2 = water with a salinity of 1.5 PSU (1.5 gm/l); P3 = water with a salinity of 2.5 PSU (2.5 gm/l); and P4 = water with a salinity of 3 PSU (3.0 gm/l). Observations were made on water intake, feed intake, egg production, and egg quality (egg weight, egg shape index density, shell proportion, shell thickness, yolk index, albumen index, and Haugh unit). Results: The results showed that the difference in salinity levels in drinking water from 0.75 PSU to 3 PSU did not affect water intake, feed intake, egg production, or egg quality of Alabio ducks for the first 56 days of the laying period (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that Alabio ducks have a good tolerance for drinking water salinity of up to 3 PSU, or equal to 3 gm/l NaCl. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 241-245]
Show more [+] Less [-]Production performance of Alabio ducks (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) under different levels of drinking water salinity Full text
2022
Abrani Sulaiman | Surya Rahmatullah | Hefni Effendi | Gamaliel Simanungkalit
Objective: To examine the effects of the salinity level of drinking water on the egg production and quality of Alabio ducks. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 female Alabio ducks, aged 6 months, were subjected to this study. All ducks were kept in stage-type cages (1 m length × 1 m width × 0.5 m height), where each cage was inhabited by 4 ducks for 56 days of experimentation. All ducks were offered a mixed ration ad libitum for laying ducks, according to the nutritional requirements for egg-type ducks. The treatment in this study was drinking water with five stratified salinity levels, namely P0 = freshwater (0% salinity); P1 = water with a salinity of 0.75 practical salinity unit (PSU) (equal to 0.75 g NaCl/l); P2 = water with a salinity of 1.5 PSU (1.5 gm/l); P3 = water with a salinity of 2.5 PSU (2.5 gm/l); and P4 = water with a salinity of 3 PSU (3.0 gm/l). Observations were made on water intake, feed intake, egg production, and egg quality (egg weight, egg shape index density, shell proportion, shell thickness, yolk index, albumen index, and Haugh unit). Results: The results showed that the difference in salinity levels in drinking water from 0.75 PSU to 3 PSU did not affect water intake, feed intake, egg production, or egg quality of Alabio ducks for the first 56 days of the laying period (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that Alabio ducks have a good tolerance for drinking water salinity of up to 3 PSU, or equal to 3 gm/l NaCl. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 241-245]
Show more [+] Less [-]Determination of nutrient content, β-carotene, and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera extraction using organic solution Full text
2022
Ucop Haroen (Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia) | Syafwan (Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia) | Kiki Kurniawan (Reseach Center for Vaccine and Drugs Development, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong,Indonesia) | Agus Budiansyah (Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia.)
Determination of nutrient content, β-carotene, and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera extraction using organic solution Full text
2022
Ucop Haroen (Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia) | Syafwan (Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia) | Kiki Kurniawan (Reseach Center for Vaccine and Drugs Development, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong,Indonesia) | Agus Budiansyah (Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University, Jambi, Indonesia.)
Objective: The research was conducted to determine β-carotene and antioxidant activities and screening of phytochemical substances of Moringa oleifera extraction using organic solution. Materials and Methods: 550 gm of M. oliefera leaf flour was macerated. This research was conducted by laboratory experiments using the maceration method. The extraction was performed using three kinds of solvents, which are n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol; for 3 x 24 h, they were concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Then, the flavonoid, phenolic, β-carotene isolation, and antioxidant tests were conducted using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl on each fraction (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Results: The results of weighing each concentrated extract from the maceration process of each fraction (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were 12.67, 35.67, and 49.29 gm, with the total phenolic content (1.4595 ± 0.361, 46.5489 ± 1.832, and 39.74574 ± 0.786) and total flavonoid content of each fraction (3.3056 ± 0.039, 58.6389 ± 2.051, and 48.9056 ± 0.0809), respectively. The antioxidant activity test on the crude extract from the ethyl acetate fractionation showed that the IC50 value was 30.309 mg/ml. The ethyl acetate fraction has a high total phenolic and flavonoid content. The results of the isolation of β-carotene from M. oleifera leaf flour were 0.4798 gm, or equivalent to 0.956% carotenoids. Conclusions: Based on the results of the research, M. oleifera leaves are identified to have a fairly high antioxidant activity, which is 30.309 mg/ml, resulting from the potential compounds in M. oleifera leaves that function as inhibitors of antioxidant activity, which are the groups of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 246-254]
Show more [+] Less [-]Determination of nutrient content, β-carotene, and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera extraction using organic solution Full text
2022
Ucop Haroen | Syafwan | Kiki Kurniawan | Agus Budiansyah
Objective: The research was conducted to determine β-carotene and antioxidant activities and screening of phytochemical substances of Moringa oleifera extraction using organic solution. Materials and Methods: 550 gm of M. oliefera leaf flour was macerated. This research was conducted by laboratory experiments using the maceration method. The extraction was performed using three kinds of solvents, which are n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol; for 3 x 24 h, they were concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Then, the flavonoid, phenolic, β-carotene isolation, and antioxidant tests were conducted using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl on each fraction (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Results: The results of weighing each concentrated extract from the maceration process of each fraction (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were 12.67, 35.67, and 49.29 gm, with the total phenolic content (1.4595 ± 0.361, 46.5489 ± 1.832, and 39.74574 ± 0.786) and total flavonoid content of each fraction (3.3056 ± 0.039, 58.6389 ± 2.051, and 48.9056 ± 0.0809), respectively. The antioxidant activity test on the crude extract from the ethyl acetate fractionation showed that the IC50 value was 30.309 mg/ml. The ethyl acetate fraction has a high total phenolic and flavonoid content. The results of the isolation of β-carotene from M. oleifera leaf flour were 0.4798 gm, or equivalent to 0.956% carotenoids. Conclusions: Based on the results of the research, M. oleifera leaves are identified to have a fairly high antioxidant activity, which is 30.309 mg/ml, resulting from the potential compounds in M. oleifera leaves that function as inhibitors of antioxidant activity, which are the groups of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 246-254]
Show more [+] Less [-]Traditional farmers' pig trait preferences and awareness levels toward reproductive biotechnology application in Zambia Full text
2022
Rubaijaniza Abigaba (Department of Animal Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Pharaoh Collins Sianangama (Department of Animal Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Progress H. Nyanga (Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Wilson N. M. Mwenya (Department of Animal Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Edwell S. Mwaanga (Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.)
Traditional farmers' pig trait preferences and awareness levels toward reproductive biotechnology application in Zambia Full text
2022
Rubaijaniza Abigaba (Department of Animal Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Pharaoh Collins Sianangama (Department of Animal Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Progress H. Nyanga (Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Wilson N. M. Mwenya (Department of Animal Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia) | Edwell S. Mwaanga (Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.)
Objective: This study assessed traditional farmers' preferences for indigenous pigs and their awareness levels toward reproductive biotechnology. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study employed a mixed-methods con¬current triangulation design with a pragmatic approach. For quantitative data collection, a ran¬domly selected sample size of 622 respondents was interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A semi-structured interview guide was used in seven focus group discussions (FGDs) for qualitative data. For quantitative data, descriptive statistics were used to find out how often something happened, and chi-square tests were used to look for relationships. For qualitative data, thematic analysis was used. Results: The majority (66.9%) of respondents were female, and they had largely (64.8%) attended a primary level of education. A slight majority (43.1%) of the respondents were 30–45 years old. Most respondents (65.1%) were low-income earners (below K500). Incidentally, the majority (74.1%) of respondents had low awareness of reproductive biotechnologies. Respondents' aware¬ness levels were associated with gender (p < 0.001), education (p < 0.001), income (p < 0.01), and not age (p > 0.05). With regard to trait preference, a total of seven indigenous pig traits were reportedly preferred, of which disease resistance (25.9%) and litter size (23.8%) were the most preferred. From FGDs, participants valued indigenous pigs, citing many preferred traits, of which disease resistance and litter size were the most emphasized traits. Some participants were aware of many reproductive biotechnologies and their perceived advantages. However, they were more familiar with artificial insemination, heat detection methods, and synchronization. Conclusions: The majority of respondents had low awareness of reproductive biotechnologies. Respondents' awareness was associated with sociodemographic characteristics. The identified indigenous pig traits preferred by traditional farmers included adaptive and productive traits. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 255-266]
Show more [+] Less [-]Traditional farmers' pig trait preferences and awareness levels toward reproductive biotechnology application in Zambia Full text
2022
Rubaijaniza Abigaba | Pharaoh Collins Sianangama | Progress H. Nyanga | Wilson N. M. Mwenya | Edwell S. Mwaanga
Objective: This study assessed traditional farmers' preferences for indigenous pigs and their awareness levels toward reproductive biotechnology. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study employed a mixed-methods con¬current triangulation design with a pragmatic approach. For quantitative data collection, a ran¬domly selected sample size of 622 respondents was interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A semi-structured interview guide was used in seven focus group discussions (FGDs) for qualitative data. For quantitative data, descriptive statistics were used to find out how often something happened, and chi-square tests were used to look for relationships. For qualitative data, thematic analysis was used. Results: The majority (66.9%) of respondents were female, and they had largely (64.8%) attended a primary level of education. A slight majority (43.1%) of the respondents were 30–45 years old. Most respondents (65.1%) were low-income earners (below K500). Incidentally, the majority (74.1%) of respondents had low awareness of reproductive biotechnologies. Respondents' aware¬ness levels were associated with gender (p < 0.001), education (p < 0.001), income (p < 0.01), and not age (p > 0.05). With regard to trait preference, a total of seven indigenous pig traits were reportedly preferred, of which disease resistance (25.9%) and litter size (23.8%) were the most preferred. From FGDs, participants valued indigenous pigs, citing many preferred traits, of which disease resistance and litter size were the most emphasized traits. Some participants were aware of many reproductive biotechnologies and their perceived advantages. However, they were more familiar with artificial insemination, heat detection methods, and synchronization. Conclusions: The majority of respondents had low awareness of reproductive biotechnologies. Respondents' awareness was associated with sociodemographic characteristics. The identified indigenous pig traits preferred by traditional farmers included adaptive and productive traits. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 255-266]
Show more [+] Less [-]Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Artemisia herba-alba against the growth of piroplasm parasites Full text
2022
Rasha Eltaysh (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan. & Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Mohamed Abdo Rizk (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan. & Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan. & Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Khaled Abouelnasr (Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Abdelnaser Ahmed Abdallah (Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Ikuo Igarashi (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.)
Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Artemisia herba-alba against the growth of piroplasm parasites Full text
2022
Rasha Eltaysh (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan. & Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Mohamed Abdo Rizk (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan. & Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan. & Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Khaled Abouelnasr (Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Abdelnaser Ahmed Abdallah (Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt) | Ikuo Igarashi (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.)
Objective: The effect of Artemisia herba-alba methanolic extract monotherapy and combination therapies on the in vitro growth of several Babesia and Theileria parasites in vitro and mice was investigated in this study. Materials and Methods: Fluorescence assay using SYBR Green I stain was used to evaluate the antibabesial efficacy inhibitory of A. herba-alba either in vitro or in vivo. Hematological parameters in the treated mice were analyzed using a Celltac MEK-6450 computerized hematology analyzer. Results: Artemisia herba-alba reduced the growth of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Babesia divergens, Theileria equi, and Babesia caballi in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The in vitro inhibitory impact of A. herba-alba on B. divergens and B. caballi cultures was amplified when combined with either diminazene aceturate (DA). In B. microti-infected mice, a combination therapy consisting of A. herba-alba and a low DA dose inhibited B. microti growth significantly (p < 0.05) better than treatment with 25 mg kg−1 DA. Conclusions: These data show that A. herba-alba, when paired with a modest DA dose, could be a promising medicinal plant for babesiosis treatment. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 267-274]
Show more [+] Less [-]Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Artemisia herba-alba against the growth of piroplasm parasites Full text
2022
Rasha Eltaysh | Mohamed Abdo Rizk | Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed | Khaled Abouelnasr | Abdelnaser Ahmed Abdallah | Ikuo Igarashi
Objective: The effect of Artemisia herba-alba methanolic extract monotherapy and combination therapies on the in vitro growth of several Babesia and Theileria parasites in vitro and mice was investigated in this study. Materials and Methods: Fluorescence assay using SYBR Green I stain was used to evaluate the antibabesial efficacy inhibitory of A. herba-alba either in vitro or in vivo. Hematological parameters in the treated mice were analyzed using a Celltac MEK-6450 computerized hematology analyzer. Results: Artemisia herba-alba reduced the growth of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Babesia divergens, Theileria equi, and Babesia caballi in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The in vitro inhibitory impact of A. herba-alba on B. divergens and B. caballi cultures was amplified when combined with either diminazene aceturate (DA). In B. microti-infected mice, a combination therapy consisting of A. herba-alba and a low DA dose inhibited B. microti growth significantly (p < 0.05) better than treatment with 25 mg kg−1 DA. Conclusions: These data show that A. herba-alba, when paired with a modest DA dose, could be a promising medicinal plant for babesiosis treatment. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 267-274]
Show more [+] Less [-]Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urban rodents from wet markets in northeast Malaysia Full text
2022
Intan Noor Aina Kamaruzaman (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Muhamad Aiman Mohd Mokhtar (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Hong Wei Ting (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Yong Kai Yuan (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Azim Wafiy Gulam Shah (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Tan Wan Loong (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Nurshahirah Shaharulnizim (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Fathin Faahimaah Abdul Hamid (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Nur Amalina Noralidin (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Nur Athirah Abdul Manaf (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Che Wan Salma Che Wan Zalati (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Loong Shih-Keng (Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) | Simon Clegg (School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Lincoln, United Kingdom) | Luqman Abu-Bakar (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.)
Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urban rodents from wet markets in northeast Malaysia Full text
2022
Intan Noor Aina Kamaruzaman (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Muhamad Aiman Mohd Mokhtar (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Hong Wei Ting (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Yong Kai Yuan (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Azim Wafiy Gulam Shah (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Tan Wan Loong (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Nurshahirah Shaharulnizim (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Fathin Faahimaah Abdul Hamid (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Nur Amalina Noralidin (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Nur Athirah Abdul Manaf (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Che Wan Salma Che Wan Zalati (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia) | Loong Shih-Keng (Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) | Simon Clegg (School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Lincoln, United Kingdom) | Luqman Abu-Bakar (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.)
Objective: This short study describes the occurrence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in two major wet markets in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: 30 rodents (20 rats and 10 shrews) were caught in 2 wet markets, and a postmortem was performed to extract both kidneys. Molecular diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to detect leptospiral DNA using universal and pathogenic Leptospira primers, respectively. Results: The results showed that 20/28 (72%) rat samples were detected positive for Leptospira spp, and all shrews were negative. Further sequencing analysis identified L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii as the most frequently Leptospirosis species from kidney samples. Conclusions: The presented study here sheds light on the presence of pathogenic leptospires har¬boring the rat population in both wet markets in Kelantan, which presents a great public health risk to wet market workers and visitors. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 275-281]
Show more [+] Less [-]Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urban rodents from wet markets in northeast Malaysia Full text
2022
Intan Noor Aina Kamaruzaman | Muhamad Aiman Mohd Mokhtar | Hong Wei Ting | Yong Kai Yuan | Azim Wafiy Gulam Shah | Tan Wan Loong | Nurshahirah Shaharulnizim | Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan | Fathin Faahimaah Abdul Hamid | Nur Amalina Noralidin | Nur Athirah Abdul Manaf | Che Wan Salma Che Wan Zalati | Loong Shih-Keng | Simon Clegg | Luqman Abu-Bakar
Objective: This short study describes the occurrence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in two major wet markets in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: 30 rodents (20 rats and 10 shrews) were caught in 2 wet markets, and a postmortem was performed to extract both kidneys. Molecular diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to detect leptospiral DNA using universal and pathogenic Leptospira primers, respectively. Results: The results showed that 20/28 (72%) rat samples were detected positive for Leptospira spp, and all shrews were negative. Further sequencing analysis identified L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii as the most frequently Leptospirosis species from kidney samples. Conclusions: The presented study here sheds light on the presence of pathogenic leptospires har¬boring the rat population in both wet markets in Kelantan, which presents a great public health risk to wet market workers and visitors. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 275-281]
Show more [+] Less [-]Morphometric parameters and food preference in relation to sex and reference hematological values for Upupa epops from Pakistan Full text
2022
Rida Tahir (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Warda Zafar (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Waseem Aslam (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ahmad Waheed (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ali Umar (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Sana Fatima (Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan) | Tariq Javed (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Tabish Liaqat (Department of Fisheries and Aquaculure, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Allah Ditta (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Ashfaq (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Zaman (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ali Nawaz (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Tehmina Khan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Wajid (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Saleem Khan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan.)
Morphometric parameters and food preference in relation to sex and reference hematological values for Upupa epops from Pakistan Full text
2022
Rida Tahir (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Warda Zafar (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Waseem Aslam (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ahmad Waheed (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ali Umar (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Sana Fatima (Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan) | Tariq Javed (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Tabish Liaqat (Department of Fisheries and Aquaculure, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Allah Ditta (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Ashfaq (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Zaman (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ali Nawaz (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Tehmina Khan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Wajid (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Saleem Khan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan.)
Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the gut content and record morphometric and hematological parameters in the common hoopoe (Upupa epops). Materials and Methods: Twenty samples of healthy birds (10 from each sex) were collected from different locations in Okara District, Punjab, Pakistan, from September 2020 to March 2021. Birds were captured live for blood samples and morphometric and gut analyses. Results: It was revealed that the concentrations of different hematological parameters were as follows: hemoglobin, 20.03g/dl; red blood cells, 3.28 × 106/μl; white blood cells, 326.67 × 103/ μl; hematocrit, 56.47%; MCV, 173.33 FL; MCH, 57.4 pg; MCHC, 57.4 pg; PLT, 8.33/μl; and RDW, 8.33/μl. The percentages of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils were 84.67%, 11.67%, 2.00%, and 1.67%, respectively. The gut content of the common hoopoe mostly consisted of Coleoptera and Acrididae larvae. However, Lepidoptera, Gryllotalpidae, and sand were also recorded, along with seeds of Salvadora persica. Conclusions: There were no significant differences between male and female U. epops in feeding content, total weight of the gut, or weight of the empty gut. Regarding the morphometric param¬eters, there was a significant difference in both sexes' wingspan, body length, and body weight. Males were significantly heavier than females. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 290-294]
Show more [+] Less [-]Morphometric parameters and food preference in relation to sex and reference hematological values for Upupa epops from Pakistan Full text
2022
Rida Tahir | Warda Zafar | Muhammad Waseem Aslam | Ahmad Waheed | Ali Umar | Sana Fatima | Tariq Javed | Tabish Liaqat | Allah Ditta | Muhammad Ashfaq | Muhammad Zaman | Ali Nawaz | Tehmina Khan | Muhammad Wajid | Muhammad Saleem Khan
Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the gut content and record morphometric and hematological parameters in the common hoopoe (Upupa epops). Materials and Methods: Twenty samples of healthy birds (10 from each sex) were collected from different locations in Okara District, Punjab, Pakistan, from September 2020 to March 2021. Birds were captured live for blood samples and morphometric and gut analyses. Results: It was revealed that the concentrations of different hematological parameters were as follows: hemoglobin, 20.03g/dl; red blood cells, 3.28 × 106/μl; white blood cells, 326.67 × 103/ μl; hematocrit, 56.47%; MCV, 173.33 FL; MCH, 57.4 pg; MCHC, 57.4 pg; PLT, 8.33/μl; and RDW, 8.33/μl. The percentages of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils were 84.67%, 11.67%, 2.00%, and 1.67%, respectively. The gut content of the common hoopoe mostly consisted of Coleoptera and Acrididae larvae. However, Lepidoptera, Gryllotalpidae, and sand were also recorded, along with seeds of Salvadora persica. Conclusions: There were no significant differences between male and female U. epops in feeding content, total weight of the gut, or weight of the empty gut. Regarding the morphometric param¬eters, there was a significant difference in both sexes' wingspan, body length, and body weight. Males were significantly heavier than females. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 290-294]
Show more [+] Less [-]The effect of simvastatin–Acalypha indica Linn. combination on the improvement of fatty pancreas in rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet Full text
2022
Desak Gede Budi Krisnamurti (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Siti Farida (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Rizky Clarinta Putri (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Wilzar Fachri (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.)
The effect of simvastatin–Acalypha indica Linn. combination on the improvement of fatty pancreas in rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet Full text
2022
Desak Gede Budi Krisnamurti (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Siti Farida (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Rizky Clarinta Putri (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Wilzar Fachri (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.)
Objective: The study aimed to determine the effect of Acalypha indica Linn. (AI) root extract and a combination of simvastatin–AI on improving the fatty pancreas in Sprague–Dawley rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were induced with a high fruc¬tose and cholesterol diet for 4 weeks before being divided into four groups. Each group receiving treatments consisting of simvastatin only, A. indica extracts only, or simvastatin–A. indica extract combination. A histological examination was conducted to determine the effect of each treatment. Also, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Bonferroni test were conducted to assess the comparison of groups from the histological examination. Results: Significant improvement was found in fatty pancreas between rats without therapy and rats treated with simvastatin therapy (p = 0.024, 95% CI: 0.038–0.696), and also between rats without treatment and rats treated with simvastatin–A. indica extract combination therapy (p = 0.000, 95% CI: 0.241–0.873) using one-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Bonferroni test. Conclusions: The results of the combination of simvastatin–A. indica Linn. root extracts treatment showed a synergistic effect on the improvement of fatty pancreas, but further research is needed to find potential adverse effects on the interaction of these two substrates to confirm the safe use of this treatment. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 346-350]
Show more [+] Less [-]The effect of simvastatin–Acalypha indica Linn. combination on the improvement of fatty pancreas in rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet Full text
2022
Desak Gede Budi Krisnamurti | Siti Farida | Rizky Clarinta Putri | Wilzar Fachri | Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih
Objective: The study aimed to determine the effect of Acalypha indica Linn. (AI) root extract and a combination of simvastatin–AI on improving the fatty pancreas in Sprague–Dawley rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were induced with a high fruc¬tose and cholesterol diet for 4 weeks before being divided into four groups. Each group receiving treatments consisting of simvastatin only, A. indica extracts only, or simvastatin–A. indica extract combination. A histological examination was conducted to determine the effect of each treatment. Also, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Bonferroni test were conducted to assess the comparison of groups from the histological examination. Results: Significant improvement was found in fatty pancreas between rats without therapy and rats treated with simvastatin therapy (p = 0.024, 95% CI: 0.038–0.696), and also between rats without treatment and rats treated with simvastatin–A. indica extract combination therapy (p = 0.000, 95% CI: 0.241–0.873) using one-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Bonferroni test. Conclusions: The results of the combination of simvastatin–A. indica Linn. root extracts treatment showed a synergistic effect on the improvement of fatty pancreas, but further research is needed to find potential adverse effects on the interaction of these two substrates to confirm the safe use of this treatment. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 346-350]
Show more [+] Less [-]Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genotyping of Streptococcus agalactiae in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in Egypt Full text
2022
Asmaa Alazab (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt) | Asmaa Sadat (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt) | Gamal Younis (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt.)
Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genotyping of Streptococcus agalactiae in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in Egypt Full text
2022
Asmaa Alazab (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt) | Asmaa Sadat (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt) | Gamal Younis (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt.)
Objectives: Streptococcus agalactiae is a zoonotic human and animal pathogen that causes global economic losses in aquaculture and fatal outcomes in Tilapia. This study aimed to identify S. agalactiae isolated from different fish sources intended for human consumption phenotypically and genotypically and to characterize the virulence-associated genes fbsA (fibrinogen-binding protein FbsA), cfb (CAMP factor), and pbp1A/ponA (penicillin-binding protein 1A). Materials and Methods: Three hundred Nile Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected from different farms and retail shops in Dakahlia and Damietta, Egypt, during the summer of 2020. The samples were examined using routine phenotypic methods, then characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting S. agalactiae-specific dltS gene. All S. agalactiae isolates were examined for the susceptibility to ten antimicrobial agents by the disc diffusion method. The virulence-associated genes (fbsA, cfb, and pbp1A/ponA) were characterized using multiplex-PCR. Results: Streptococcus agalactiae was detected in 7% (n = 21/300) samples. The isolates showed high resistance against ampicillin and erythromycin (20/21; 95%) for each. The most predominant antibiotypes through isolates were P, CN, SXT, CRO, TE, CTX, E, AMP, at 10.5% for each antibiotype. A total of 19 (90.5%) of S. agalactiae isolates showed multi-drug resistance (MDR), and those were recovered from market Tilapia fish. The virulence-associated genes (fbsA, cfb, and pbp1A/ ponA) were identified in the S. agalactiae as 100%, 76%, and 52%, respectively. Conclusions: The MDR S. agalactiae detected in raw Tilapia fish pose a significant health hazard to consumers due to their zoonotic characteristics. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 95-103]
Show more [+] Less [-]Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genotyping of Streptococcus agalactiae in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in Egypt Full text
2022
Asmaa Alazab | Asmaa Sadat | Gamal Younis
Objectives: Streptococcus agalactiae is a zoonotic human and animal pathogen that causes global economic losses in aquaculture and fatal outcomes in Tilapia. This study aimed to identify S. agalactiae isolated from different fish sources intended for human consumption phenotypically and genotypically and to characterize the virulence-associated genes fbsA (fibrinogen-binding protein FbsA), cfb (CAMP factor), and pbp1A/ponA (penicillin-binding protein 1A). Materials and Methods: Three hundred Nile Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected from different farms and retail shops in Dakahlia and Damietta, Egypt, during the summer of 2020. The samples were examined using routine phenotypic methods, then characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting S. agalactiae-specific dltS gene. All S. agalactiae isolates were examined for the susceptibility to ten antimicrobial agents by the disc diffusion method. The virulence-associated genes (fbsA, cfb, and pbp1A/ponA) were characterized using multiplex-PCR. Results: Streptococcus agalactiae was detected in 7% (n = 21/300) samples. The isolates showed high resistance against ampicillin and erythromycin (20/21; 95%) for each. The most predominant antibiotypes through isolates were P, CN, SXT, CRO, TE, CTX, E, AMP, at 10.5% for each antibiotype. A total of 19 (90.5%) of S. agalactiae isolates showed multi-drug resistance (MDR), and those were recovered from market Tilapia fish. The virulence-associated genes (fbsA, cfb, and pbp1A/ ponA) were identified in the S. agalactiae as 100%, 76%, and 52%, respectively. Conclusions: The MDR S. agalactiae detected in raw Tilapia fish pose a significant health hazard to consumers due to their zoonotic characteristics. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 95-103]
Show more [+] Less [-]Fatty acid and amino acid profiles of cheese, butter, and ghee made from buffalo milk Full text
2022
Abu Hena Md. Asif (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Abid Hasan Sarker (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Gautam Kumar Deb (Animal Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh) | Md. Rezwanul Habib (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Sumaiya Arefin (Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Md. Sadakatul Bari (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Zakirul Islam (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Harun-ur- Rashid (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Mohammad Shohel Rana Siddiki (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Umma Fatema Shahjadee (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Sharmin Akter Lisa (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Salma Ahmed (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Mohammad Ashiqul Islam (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.)
Fatty acid and amino acid profiles of cheese, butter, and ghee made from buffalo milk Full text
2022
Abu Hena Md. Asif (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Abid Hasan Sarker (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Gautam Kumar Deb (Animal Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh) | Md. Rezwanul Habib (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Sumaiya Arefin (Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Md. Sadakatul Bari (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Zakirul Islam (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Harun-ur- Rashid (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Mohammad Shohel Rana Siddiki (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Umma Fatema Shahjadee (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Sharmin Akter Lisa (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Salma Ahmed (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Mohammad Ashiqul Islam (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.)
Objective: The objective was to assess the chemical composition, cholesterol, fatty acid (FAs), and amino acid (AAs) profiles of buffalo cheese, butter, and ghee. Materials and Methods: Buffalo milk (raw) was collected from the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Cheese, butter, and ghee were prepared at the Dairy Chemistry and Technology Laboratory, Department of Dairy Science, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, and subjected to subsequent analyses. The gross nutritional composition and AAs profile of milk were analyzed prior to the manufacture of cheese, butter, and ghee. The gross nutritional composition of milk and dairy products was analyzed by apply¬ing an automated milk analyzer and the Association of Agricultural Chemists techniques, respec¬tively. The cholesterol, FAs, and AAs contents of cheese, butter, and ghee were determined by the Bangladesh Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Furthermore, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices were also calculated using reference equations. Results: The results indicated that the buffalo milk is a good source of first-rate nutrients (dry matter: 16.50%, fat: 7.50%, protein: 3.75%). Findings indicated that the butter was significantly rich with (p < 0.05) total solids and fat where higher (p > 0.05) protein, carbohydrate, and miner¬als were found in cheese. The saponification, Reichert-Meissl, Polenski, and Kirschner values of buffalo ghee were found to be 225, 30, 1.2, and 25, respectively. A significant (p < 0.05) variation was found in the cholesterol content of buffalo cheese, butter, and ghee. Butter and ghee had 40.14 and 39.57 mg more cholesterol, respectively, than cheese. The results revealed identical FA profiles except for C24:0 among the three dairy products where the major FA compositions were C4:0, C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 and C18:1 cis-9. The atherogenicity index and thrombogenicity index of cheese, butter, and ghee were statistically similar (p > 0.05). Butter was found with the most conducive anti-atherogenic and anti-thrombogenic characteristics due to lower saturated and higher polyunsaturated FAs. However, all the AAs concentrations were statistically higher (p < 0.05) in cheese than in butter and ghee. Conclusion: To conclude, buffalo cheese is superior to butter and ghee as regards nutrient density, but consumers can choose other foods based on their choice. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 144-154]
Show more [+] Less [-]Fatty acid and amino acid profiles of cheese, butter, and ghee made from buffalo milk Full text
2022
Abu Hena Md. Asif | Md. Abid Hasan Sarker | Gautam Kumar Deb | Md. Rezwanul Habib | Sumaiya Arefin | Md. Sadakatul Bari | Md. Zakirul Islam | Md. Harun-ur- Rashid | Mohammad Shohel Rana Siddiki | Umma Fatema Shahjadee | Sharmin Akter Lisa | Salma Ahmed | Mohammad Ashiqul Islam
Objective: The objective was to assess the chemical composition, cholesterol, fatty acid (FAs), and amino acid (AAs) profiles of buffalo cheese, butter, and ghee. Materials and Methods: Buffalo milk (raw) was collected from the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Cheese, butter, and ghee were prepared at the Dairy Chemistry and Technology Laboratory, Department of Dairy Science, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, and subjected to subsequent analyses. The gross nutritional composition and AAs profile of milk were analyzed prior to the manufacture of cheese, butter, and ghee. The gross nutritional composition of milk and dairy products was analyzed by apply¬ing an automated milk analyzer and the Association of Agricultural Chemists techniques, respec¬tively. The cholesterol, FAs, and AAs contents of cheese, butter, and ghee were determined by the Bangladesh Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Furthermore, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices were also calculated using reference equations. Results: The results indicated that the buffalo milk is a good source of first-rate nutrients (dry matter: 16.50%, fat: 7.50%, protein: 3.75%). Findings indicated that the butter was significantly rich with (p < 0.05) total solids and fat where higher (p > 0.05) protein, carbohydrate, and miner¬als were found in cheese. The saponification, Reichert-Meissl, Polenski, and Kirschner values of buffalo ghee were found to be 225, 30, 1.2, and 25, respectively. A significant (p < 0.05) variation was found in the cholesterol content of buffalo cheese, butter, and ghee. Butter and ghee had 40.14 and 39.57 mg more cholesterol, respectively, than cheese. The results revealed identical FA profiles except for C24:0 among the three dairy products where the major FA compositions were C4:0, C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 and C18:1 cis-9. The atherogenicity index and thrombogenicity index of cheese, butter, and ghee were statistically similar (p > 0.05). Butter was found with the most conducive anti-atherogenic and anti-thrombogenic characteristics due to lower saturated and higher polyunsaturated FAs. However, all the AAs concentrations were statistically higher (p < 0.05) in cheese than in butter and ghee. Conclusion: To conclude, buffalo cheese is superior to butter and ghee as regards nutrient density, but consumers can choose other foods based on their choice. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 144-154]
Show more [+] Less [-]Evaluation of polyherbal formulation in broilers fed high energy diet: Implications on zootechnical parameters, fat accretion, and serum L-carnitine levels Full text
2022
Prashanth D'souza (Formulation and Development, R & D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited., Bangalore, India) | Ramasamy Selvam (Technical Service, R & D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bangalore, India.)
Evaluation of polyherbal formulation in broilers fed high energy diet: Implications on zootechnical parameters, fat accretion, and serum L-carnitine levels Full text
2022
Prashanth D'souza (Formulation and Development, R & D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited., Bangalore, India) | Ramasamy Selvam (Technical Service, R & D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bangalore, India.)
Objective: The current broiler trial was planned to assess the effects of Kolin Plus™, a polyherbal formulation (PHF), on performance, protein and fat accretion, and serum L-carnitine (LC) levels in broilers fed a high-energy diet (HED). Materials and Methods: A total of 500 1-day-old Cobb 430 male chicks were assigned to 5 treat¬ment groups consisting of 10 replicates, with 10 birds in each replicate (n = 100). Group G1 was a negative control fed HED, and group G2, a positive control supplemented with synthetic choline chloride (SCC) 1,500 gm/ton in HED. Groups G3, G4, and G5 were supplemented with PHF in HED at 400, 500, and 750 gm/ton feed, respectively (PHF400, PHF500, and PHF750). Results: The PHF produced a dose-dependent numerical improvement in body weight, feed con¬version ratio, livability, and the European Production Index. There were no changes in carcass nitrogen and protein accretion, whereas a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in carcass fat and fat accretion was observed in the SCC and PHF groups. Moreover, PHF showed a significant increase in serum LC levels. Conclusion: Kolin Plus™ improves performance parameters akin to SCC by improving fat metabo¬lism and mobilization by enhancing serum LC levels and restoring normal fat accretion. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 166-174]
Show more [+] Less [-]Evaluation of polyherbal formulation in broilers fed high energy diet: Implications on zootechnical parameters, fat accretion, and serum L-carnitine levels Full text
2022
Prashanth D'souza | Ramasamy Selvam
Objective: The current broiler trial was planned to assess the effects of Kolin Plus™, a polyherbal formulation (PHF), on performance, protein and fat accretion, and serum L-carnitine (LC) levels in broilers fed a high-energy diet (HED). Materials and Methods: A total of 500 1-day-old Cobb 430 male chicks were assigned to 5 treat¬ment groups consisting of 10 replicates, with 10 birds in each replicate (n = 100). Group G1 was a negative control fed HED, and group G2, a positive control supplemented with synthetic choline chloride (SCC) 1,500 gm/ton in HED. Groups G3, G4, and G5 were supplemented with PHF in HED at 400, 500, and 750 gm/ton feed, respectively (PHF400, PHF500, and PHF750). Results: The PHF produced a dose-dependent numerical improvement in body weight, feed con¬version ratio, livability, and the European Production Index. There were no changes in carcass nitrogen and protein accretion, whereas a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in carcass fat and fat accretion was observed in the SCC and PHF groups. Moreover, PHF showed a significant increase in serum LC levels. Conclusion: Kolin Plus™ improves performance parameters akin to SCC by improving fat metabo¬lism and mobilization by enhancing serum LC levels and restoring normal fat accretion. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 166-174]
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