Purpose. Reviewing the literature on modern technologies of genetic modification of crop genomes. Results. The current state of genetically modified plants creation is analyzed. The information on cis-, intra- and subgenic plants and their comparison with transgenic crops is given. Examples of cis- and intragenesis application for improving characteristics of crops are provided. Such state-of-the-art technology of crop genome modification as genome editing is considered. Conclusions. Technologies for producing cis-, intra-, subgenic plants are rapidly developing and resulting in crops of the 21st century that can solve the problem of food provision for a constantly growing world population with the least contrary to the public interest.

Race-specific resistance of 19 common millet varieties that are firstly listed on the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 2013 is assessed. It is found that almost half of the varieties are infected with all smut races, part of them is resistant only to the first group of smut races, and there is no variety to be resistant to all races of this disease. It is concluded that common millet varieties are needed to be examined for resistance to smut races

The article reflects the progress of genetic decrease of Rye F 3k- 10029/ Saratovske (Саратовське) 4 height by means of the shortest stem plants selection during the period from 1974 to 2010. 37 years selection of the shortest- stern genotypes decreased the plants height from 119.33 cm to 22.57cm. Targeted selection into minus direction decreased the plants height in 5,29 times on the background of the dominant HI expression. In average, the height of plants in the course of 27 breeding cycles were decreasing by 2.69 cm, but that was not going gradually. A new donor Gnom 3 had been created for ultra short-stem trait of the Winter Rye, with the marking of alleles HI-3HI-3. Relative influence on the minus selection efficiency has been established by height of plants for the selection differential (38%) and coefficient of inheritance in narrow sense (14,56%). Realized efficiency of selection in decrease of winter rye height in 72,08% of cases corresponded to predicted hit ration of the breeding. Analyzes of genetic and statistical parameters and correlation clusters of 11 utilitarian average characteristics of ultra short- stem rye Gnom 3 for the period of 1974 to 2010 has been performed.

The article presents summary of the research of inheritance issues, as well as permanency and polylithism of soft wheat plants, and utilization of the above trait for identification of genotypes in the course of DUS examination of varieties. Relation of height of plants to their resistance to lodging and crops productivity has been studied. Expediency has been grounded for setting respective agro- ecological conditions enabling the plant height to fall within the limits of genetically conditioned optimum for every variety.

Purpose. To analyze the Ukrainian names of the fruit crops which varieties are undergoing scientific and technical examination. Results. Names of fruit crops form a separate terminological system based on one-word fruit plant names. Names of new introduced fruit crops usually are borrowed from the language of that country where the crop has extended and whence it has spread, or on the basis of a Latin generic name. Conclusions. The registered varieties of fruit plants in Ukraine belong to 48 crops. Formation of names of fruit crops has begun in ancient times and is continuing until now. Crop names, as a rule, consist of one word; two-word names occur as an exception, if so, an adjective should be places ahead of a noun. Names of fruit crops and the name of botanic taxa are specific, belong to different terminological systems and perform different functions.

The article explains meaning of successive introduction of plants followed by their integration into cultivation, and scientifically grounded development of national varietal sources from the diversity of plants taking into account methodological aspects of practical application of botanical semantic, classification and binary nomenclature of botanical taxa. It also shows scientific aspects of systematic units differentiation caused by relevant Latin names of botanical taxa, which are to facilitate harmonization of UPOV membertates cooperation in the protection of rights of intellectual property on breeding achievements – plant varieties.

Expediency explanation is provided for foundation in the Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination of Winter Wheat Varieties Resistance to Abiotic Environment Factors Diagnostics Laboratory, as well as for examination of varieties on their suitability for dissemination to provide new approaches and techniques of plant varieties resistance diagnostics; for systematic, indepth and comprehensive studying of the most important adaptive features of plant varieties, which to take into account when registering varieties, national varietal resources formation and seed production organization.

The short characteristica of new sorts and hybrids of vegetubles for greenhouses cultivation are presented. All sorts and hybrids in researches were included in State Regster of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukrains in 2010.

Investigational development of modern treater seed of agricultural cultures status. The analysis of efficiency of work control the system modem treater seed is conducted. The ground of creation of cont rol the system by the concerted serve working liquid (liquid poison) and seed is conducted in the working area of treate.

In the article revealed the scientist basis of vegetables plants nationality varieties resource via government registering of new varieties and their right protection.