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Biomorphological traits of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees cultivars under conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine Full text
2015
Левандовська, С. М
Biomorphological traits of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees cultivars under conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine Full text
2015
Левандовська, С. М
Purpose. Determining prospects of introducing Callistephus chinensis cultivars of foreign breeding for further cultivation under conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, analytical and statistical ones. Results. Ten C. сhinensis cultivars of theGerman breeding were tested under conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Biomorphological traits of the varieties of five sort types were identified, and their comparative analysis was conducted. Seasonal dynamics of growth and development of cultivars in the growing area was studied. Conclusions. Cultivars with short and mean duration phases of development can be grown under conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine by direct sowing that does not affect their seed productivity and sowing quality of seeds. Seeds of late cultivars can reach complete maturity only in case of seedling use. C. chinensis cultivars of the German breeding have successfully passed the initial test for suitability to introduction into the studied area.
Show more [+] Less [-]Gnom 3 as a Donor for Ultra Short- Stem Trait of Winter Rye Full text
2011
В. В. Скорик
The article reflects the progress of genetic decrease of Rye F 3k- 10029/ Saratovske (Саратовське) 4 height by means of the shortest stem plants selection during the period from 1974 to 2010. 37 years selection of the shortest- stern genotypes decreased the plants height from 119.33 cm to 22.57cm. Targeted selection into minus direction decreased the plants height in 5,29 times on the background of the dominant HI expression. In average, the height of plants in the course of 27 breeding cycles were decreasing by 2.69 cm, but that was not going gradually. A new donor Gnom 3 had been created for ultra short-stem trait of the Winter Rye, with the marking of alleles HI-3HI-3. Relative influence on the minus selection efficiency has been established by height of plants for the selection differential (38%) and coefficient of inheritance in narrow sense (14,56%). Realized efficiency of selection in decrease of winter rye height in 72,08% of cases corresponded to predicted hit ration of the breeding. Analyzes of genetic and statistical parameters and correlation clusters of 11 utilitarian average characteristics of ultra short- stem rye Gnom 3 for the period of 1974 to 2010 has been performed.
Show more [+] Less [-]The effectiveness of selection by kernel size of winter rye Full text
2014
В. В. Скорик
The effectiveness of selection by kernel size of winter rye Full text
2014
В. В. Скорик
The kernel size of winter rye is a genetically determined characteristic as controlled by a series of multiple alleles and is available for artificial selection. As a result of long-term intensive selection average weight of 100 grains per plant increased from 2.94 to 6.94 g or 2.4 times. The implemented effectiveness of selection by 100 grains weight per plant towards increase was systemic, but it was also uneven. Throughout 42 generations the spans of quick response to directed selection were observed, lasting slowdowns and even reverses of average weight of 100 grains per plant. Prompt increase of the directed selection efficiency corresponded to the changes that induced relatively big impact, and formed a plateau as large kernel size reached high frequency. Variability of rye population at high pressure of the selection by 100 grains weight pert plant occurred predominately at normal distribution and along the display of negative asymmetry following the effect of extreme grades emergence outbreak. The highest average kernel size achieved was followed by further slowdown of 100 grains increase observed, nonetheless a heavy pressure of the selection. 42 generations displayed the greatest impact upon the breeding efficiency by denominated breeding differential (36%), selection intensity (22%), broad sense inheritance ratio (8%), narrow sense inheritance ratio (10%). Predicted and implemented selection efficiency over 42 generations matched in 37% of cases certifying thus an actual forecast of the breeding prediction.
Show more [+] Less [-]The effectiveness of selection by kernel size of winter rye Full text
2014
Скорик, В. В
The kernel size of winter rye is a genetically determined characteristic as controlled by a series of multiple alleles and is available for artificial selection. As a result of long-term intensive selection average weight of 100 grains per plant increased from 2.94 to 6.94 g or 2.4 times. The implemented effectiveness of selection by 100 grains weight per plant towards increase was systemic, but it was also uneven. Throughout 42 generations the spans of quick response to directed selection were observed, lasting slowdowns and even reverses of average weight of 100 grains per plant. Prompt increase of the directed selection efficiency corresponded to the changes that induced relatively big impact, and formed a plateau as large kernel size reached high frequency. Variability of rye population at high pressure of the selection by 100 grains weight pert plant occurred predominately at normal distribution and along the display of negative asymmetry following the effect of extreme grades emergence outbreak. The highest average kernel size achieved was followed by further slowdown of 100 grains increase observed, nonetheless a heavy pressure of the selection. 42 generations displayed the greatest impact upon the breeding efficiency by denominated breeding differential (36%), selection intensity (22%), broad sense inheritance ratio (8%), narrow sense inheritance ratio (10%). Predicted and implemented selection efficiency over 42 generations matched in 37% of cases certifying thus an actual forecast of the breeding prediction.
Show more [+] Less [-]Frost resistance of peach promising varieties (Prunus persica L.) as bred by Nikitsky Botanical Garden Full text
2014
А. В. Смиков | Н. В. Мєсяц
This article is dedicated to frost resistance studies of 27 hybrid forms of peach of Nikita Botanical Garden breeding and 3 control zoned varieties. The studies enabled to single out 3 hybrid forms of early maturity: Zlatogor х Uspar-1 80-367, Laureat х Zlatogor 73-3 and Zsi-yan-shuj mi-tao х Collins 13 st. III 1/3; 3 hybrid forms of medium maturity time:Veteran self-pollinated, Veteran х Redheaven 81-136 and Laureat хZlatogor 73-6; 1 hybrid form of late maturity: (Tovarisch х I 1 26-76 Nektadiana) 85-197, that displayed high frost resistance of flower buds. The marked out forms are worth considering as a source of increased frost resistance of flower buds to be used in breeding programs
Show more [+] Less [-]The influence of environmental factors on growing season length for garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) Full text
2014
В. М. Стригун
The influence of environmental factors on growing season length for garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) Full text
2014
В. М. Стригун
The results obtained during observations of the growing season of pea collection varieties in different years in terms of interphase periods are presented. The dependence of the growing season length for varieties of various maturity groups on the duration of certain phases of plant growth (seedling, flowering, ripening), ambient environment (temperature, humidity, daylight hours), processing (seed preparation, line production maintenance) and genetic factors (sequential node of the first inflorescence formation) are shown. According to the study results the varieties-sources of «growing season length» characteristic were specified that have been used as components for breeding in the selection process when creating new domestic varieties.
Show more [+] Less [-]The influence of environmental factors on growing season length for garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) Full text
2014
Стригун, В. М
The results obtained during observations of the growing season of pea collection varieties in different years in terms of interphase periods are presented. The dependence of the growing season length for varieties of various maturity groups on the duration of certain phases of plant growth (seedling, flowering, ripening), ambient environment (temperature, humidity, daylight hours), processing (seed preparation, line production maintenance) and genetic factors (sequential node of the first inflorescence formation) are shown. According to the study results the varieties-sources of «growing season length» characteristic were specified that have been used as components for breeding in the selection process when creating new domestic varieties.
Show more [+] Less [-]Resistance of new common millet varieties to smut races Full text
2014
Л. І. Перевертун | А. М. Проданик | С. О. Ткачик
Resistance of new common millet varieties to smut races Full text
2014
Л. І. Перевертун | А. М. Проданик | С. О. Ткачик
Race-specific resistance of 19 common millet varieties that are firstly listed on the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 2013 is assessed. It is found that almost half of the varieties are infected with all smut races, part of them is resistant only to the first group of smut races, and there is no variety to be resistant to all races of this disease. It is concluded that common millet varieties are needed to be examined for resistance to smut races
Show more [+] Less [-]Resistance of new common millet varieties to smut races Full text
2014
Перевертун, Л. І | Проданик, А. М | Ткачик, С. О
Race-specific resistance of 19 common millet varieties that are firstly listed on the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 2013 is assessed. It is found that almost half of the varieties are infected with all smut races, part of them is resistant only to the first group of smut races, and there is no variety to be resistant to all races of this disease. It is concluded that common millet varieties are needed to be examined for resistance to smut races
Show more [+] Less [-]Особливості використання амілопектинового сорту проса Чабанівське Full text
2014
Л. І. Перевертун | О. В. Самборська | Н. В. Лещук
Викладено результати досліджень особливостей використання першого сорту waxy проса Чабанівське для покращення хлібопекарських якостей пшеничного борошна. Показано, що додавання waxy проса до пшеничного борошна поліпшує його хлібопекарські якості і смак хліба. З метою встановлення мілопектину у зернівках сортів проса потрібно проводити додаткові лабораторні дослідження.
Show more [+] Less [-]Index validation for ratio of maize hybrids upper ear attachment to plant height thereof (Zea mays L.) Full text
2014
В. Ю. Черчель | В. А. Марочко | М. М. Таганцова
Index validation for ratio of maize hybrids upper ear attachment to plant height thereof (Zea mays L.) Full text
2014
В. Ю. Черчель | В. А. Марочко | М. М. Таганцова
Methodological rationale is given (procedure - morphological description) for ‘plant’ as a quantitative characteristic - ‘plant: ratio of upper ear attachment height to plant height’ for maize hybrids (Zea mays L.), as well as parameters of grading for states of expression are set to facilitate the assessment at performing morphological description of maize hybrids
Show more [+] Less [-]Index validation for ratio of maize hybrids upper ear attachment to plant height thereof (Zea mays L.) Full text
2014
Черчель, В. Ю | Марочко, В. А | Таганцова, М. М
Methodological rationale is given (procedure - morphological description) for ‘plant’ as a quantitative characteristic - ‘plant: ratio of upper ear attachment height to plant height’ for maize hybrids (Zea mays L.), as well as parameters of grading for states of expression are set to facilitate the assessment at performing morphological description of maize hybrids
Show more [+] Less [-]Agroecological features of the new varieties soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60 Full text
2014
В. В. Москалець | Т. З. Москалець | В. І. Москалець | Н. М. Буняк
Agroecological features of the new varieties soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60 Full text
2014
В. В. Москалець | Т. З. Москалець | В. І. Москалець | Н. М. Буняк
The main factor, and cost-effective rapid increase in yield of all crops and raising its quality is an innovative process for the creation and introduction of new varieties. Overall condition of use in the production of new varieties is very unsatisfactory. For this year the country loses more than 1.5 mln. tonnes of grains of winter cereals. Currently, the requirements for soft winter wheat, as a factor of sustainable productivity, increase. Despite the obvious advances in breeding wheat varieties as genetic yield potential of more than 10 t/ha, the actual implementation of it is around 50 %. Therefore remains an urgent problem of developing varieties with high potential and implementation of evidence-based their growth. Thus, the genetic yield potential genotype implemented with a balanced exposure of a number of factors. The purpose of research – create a soft winter wheat variety with well-defined ecological and adaptive properties and high quantitative and qualitative indicators of grain yield, varieties show ability to withstand adverse abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors of the environment for future breeding. Stated agroecological characteristics of variety soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60 by economically valuable indicators. Performed a detailed description of the new variety wheat based on morphological and biological characteristics. Showing environmental features Yuvivata 60 (in terms of genotypic effect and degree of plasticity) under different conditions ecotops of Ukraine. For agricultural producers proposed of adaptive variety soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60, that will provide guaranteed high quality and grain yield.
Show more [+] Less [-]Agroecological features of the new varieties soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60 Full text
2014
Москалець, В. В | Москалець, Т. З | Москалець, В. І | Буняк, Н. М
The main factor, and cost-effective rapid increase in yield of all crops and raising its quality is an innovative process for the creation and introduction of new varieties. Overall condition of use in the production of new varieties is very unsatisfactory. For this year the country loses more than 1.5 mln. tonnes of grains of winter cereals. Currently, the requirements for soft winter wheat, as a factor of sustainable productivity, increase. Despite the obvious advances in breeding wheat varieties as genetic yield potential of more than 10 t/ha, the actual implementation of it is around 50 %. Therefore remains an urgent problem of developing varieties with high potential and implementation of evidence-based their growth. Thus, the genetic yield potential genotype implemented with a balanced exposure of a number of factors. The purpose of research – create a soft winter wheat variety with well-defined ecological and adaptive properties and high quantitative and qualitative indicators of grain yield, varieties show ability to withstand adverse abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors of the environment for future breeding. Stated agroecological characteristics of variety soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60 by economically valuable indicators. Performed a detailed description of the new variety wheat based on morphological and biological characteristics. Showing environmental features Yuvivata 60 (in terms of genotypic effect and degree of plasticity) under different conditions ecotops of Ukraine. For agricultural producers proposed of adaptive variety soft winter wheat Yuvivata 60, that will provide guaranteed high quality and grain yield.
Show more [+] Less [-]Considering the issue of aligning Ukrainian plant names. Communication 3. Names for Ribes L. species Full text
2014
В. М. Меженський
Considering the issue of aligning Ukrainian plant names. Communication 3. Names for Ribes L. species Full text
2014
В. М. Меженський
The nomenclature and the system of genus Ribes s.l., application of indigenous and introduced plant names, from which such commercial small fruit crops as gooseberry, black and red currant have been formed, is considered. Scientifi c names based on Ukrainian generic name Porichky are streamlined. Ukrainian names for 64 taxa at the rank of species and variety were given. For hybrids nothotaxa ×Ribelaria Mezhenskyj, nothosubg. nov. (= subg. Ribes × subg. Grossularia) and ×Сalocalyx Mezhenskyj, nothosect. nov. (= sect. Calobotrya × sect. Symplocalyx) were defi ned.
Show more [+] Less [-]Considering the issue of aligning Ukrainian plant names. Communication 3. Names for Ribes L. species Full text
2014
Меженський, В. М
The nomenclature and the system of genus Ribes s.l., application of indigenous and introduced plant names, from which such commercial small fruit crops as gooseberry, black and red currant have been formed, is considered. Scientifi c names based on Ukrainian generic name Porichky are streamlined. Ukrainian names for 64 taxa at the rank of species and variety were given. For hybrids nothotaxa ×Ribelaria Mezhenskyj, nothosubg. nov. (= subg. Ribes × subg. Grossularia) and ×Сalocalyx Mezhenskyj, nothosect. nov. (= sect. Calobotrya × sect. Symplocalyx) were defi ned.
Show more [+] Less [-]Assessing the impact of time of spring vegetation renewal on growth, development and productivity of soft winter wheat varieties Full text
2014
О. Л. Уліч | С. О. Ткачик | В. С. Хахула | Ю. Ф. Терещенко
Assessing the impact of time of spring vegetation renewal on growth, development and productivity of soft winter wheat varieties Full text
2014
О. Л. Уліч | С. О. Ткачик | В. С. Хахула | Ю. Ф. Терещенко
Results of study focusing on impact of environmental factor – time of spring vegetation renewal (TSVR) of soft winter wheat on growth and development of plants, crop productivity and modern varieties response are presented. It is found that in the central part of the Right-Bank of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine this factor is important and it should be considered in planning of spring and summer care techniques, fertilizer system, especially at spring fertilizing, use of pesticides and growth regulators, in taking a decision on reseeding or underseeding of space plants. At the same time, it was determined that the environmental effect of TSVR was not occurred every year, thus it is not always possible to forecast the type of plant development. But in such years it is possible to influence the processes of plants growth, development and survival in spring and summer periods and the formation of their productivity by introducing such intensive technologies as differential crop tending, mineral nutrition optimization, the use of plant growth regulators, trace nutrients, weed, pest and disease control agents.
Show more [+] Less [-]Assessing the impact of time of spring vegetation renewal on growth, development and productivity of soft winter wheat varieties Full text
2014
Уліч, О. Л | Ткачик, С. О | Хахула, В. С | Терещенко, Ю. Ф
Results of study focusing on impact of environmental factor – time of spring vegetation renewal (TSVR) of soft winter wheat on growth and development of plants, crop productivity and modern varieties response are presented. It is found that in the central part of the Right-Bank of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine this factor is important and it should be considered in planning of spring and summer care techniques, fertilizer system, especially at spring fertilizing, use of pesticides and growth regulators, in taking a decision on reseeding or underseeding of space plants. At the same time, it was determined that the environmental effect of TSVR was not occurred every year, thus it is not always possible to forecast the type of plant development. But in such years it is possible to influence the processes of plants growth, development and survival in spring and summer periods and the formation of their productivity by introducing such intensive technologies as differential crop tending, mineral nutrition optimization, the use of plant growth regulators, trace nutrients, weed, pest and disease control agents.
Show more [+] Less [-]