The research of 122 breeding lines of winter wheat to adaptability have been carried out for three years at three points. Samples for ecological variety testing were determined which have both high and average stability and plasticity, high average yield and are promising for qualified examination. The environments are analyzed for differentiating ability. Environments were selected which allow to identify genotypes for yield potential and adaptive ability. It is established that the parameters of adaptive ability and stability of winter wheat samples obtained during cultivation both in various geographical locations and at one point during some years were closely correlated. This confirms the hypothesis that the genotype estimate for adaptive ability in one location is reliable. The connection level was average only for the variance of genotype–environment interaction. However, this parameter is not principal therefore this connection level does not restrict significantly the use of the method in general.

The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period.

When creating Triticum aestivum L. varieties in V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, intervarietal crossing was used as the basis for classical method of hybridization. Parental pairs were selected according to environmental and geographical principles. Crossing of lines selected by certain adaptive characteristics among themselves and with the local breeding varieties are widely used. The method of induced mutagenesis is one of the main factor of the evolutionary process which increases hundreds of times the frequency of altered forms occurrence. Thermal mutagenesis – selection of winter forms from spring varieties – is based on low temperature effect on spring wheat varieties (it was developed by V. M. Remeslo, the member of the Academy of Sciences). Method of intervarietal selection in winter wheat breeding provides creation of new varieties of this crop through mass selection of the best plants from local populations. At present, 10 varieties of winter wheat are included into the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine, one variety – into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, seven varieties are passing state quality testing in these countries.

Elements of energy-saving technology of table beet seed production (variety type of Bordeau) in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were improved, they include method of irrigation (drip irrigation, HB 70–65%), fertilizing (locally N 15 P 30 K 60 + N 15 ), fertigation (stage of 3–4 true leaves, bundle ripeness, the beginning of stooling and flowering), the use of standard mother roots 61–100 mm in diameter along with mother rootsstecklings 41–60 mm in diameter that increase average yields according to the size up to 1,89 t/ha. It is found that the application of micronutrient mixture of Zn + B + Mo in one term and mixture of Zn + B in two terms was the most effective.

Results obtained during the study of special features of cultivation and productivity of soft winter wheat varieties that differ by origin in the Steppe zone in Ukraine are presented. Relevance of the executed work was determined by ambiguous assessment and selection of available soft winter wheat variety assortment that is used in Steppe zone farms. Findings allow to find out  and expose to a greater extent unused reserves for increasing the croppage level. It was found in the process of the study that now according to comprehensive assessment the best varieties of a soft winter wheat for corn growers in the steppe zone are Smuhlianka, Epokha odes`ka, Kiriia, Zolotokolosa, Blahodarka odes`ka, Bohdana, Lyst 25, Rozkishna.

The article quotes data on fruits biochemical composition for 101 varieties of peach from Nikita Botanical Garden collection. 88 varieties have been singled out according to the composition of bioactive substances. Among those varieties the North China and Iran ecological and geographical groups prevail (52.3% and 37.5%, respectively).

The effect of sowing time on realization of the natural productivity potential of modern soft winter wheat varieties was studied. It is established that the use of current agricultural technologies in a context of climate change has caused shift of calendar sowing terms to the second half of the optimal terms comparing with earlier cultivated varieties. In subzones of Kirovohrad and Bila Tserkva state variety testing stations the highest yield of winter wheat is formed in case of sowing on September 20–30, but the optimum for Kirovohrad station fall on September 30, Bila Tserkva station – on September 20 and 30. Sowing in earlier or later time leads to decreasing yields, especially of Vynnychanka, Smuhlyanka, Zolotokolosa and Tripilska varieties. Bogdana and Kuialnyk varieties are the most adaptive to sowing time under agroecological conditions of Kirovohrad state variety testing station.

Yield of modern varieties of valuable fodder crop lucerne is quite low - 0.2 - 0.3 t / ha. The reason - lack of cross-pollination due to the lack of insect pollinators. Under these conditions, the highest seed production plants are prone to selfpollinate. The results of the study of 26 new selffertile samples of alfalfa own selection. It was shown that 15 samples for seed yield higher than standard - grade Jaroslavna. The herbage yield of only four samples was lower than in the standard. The dry matter content of all samples was high - 22,1-25,5 %. The results obtained are allowed to select in hotbed of pre-strain testing samples with high levels of self-fertility, seed yield 0,24-0,29 t/ha, herbage for three mowing - 63,2-67,7 t/ha, high dry matters content, which will be used in future breeding process