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Solid-solution partitioning of Rare Earth Elements in mine-tailings and soils in China: experimental results and multi-surface modelling
2018
Janot, Noemie | Huot, Hermine | Otero-Fariña, Alba | Leguédois, Sophie | Groenenberg, Jan E.
Solid-solution partitioning of Rare Earth Elements in mine-tailings and soils in China: experimental results and multi-surface modelling. Interfaces Against Pollution
Show more [+] Less [-]Development of a flux DMT with integrated adsorptive stripping voltammetry for free metal ions detection in solution
2018
Janot, Noemie | Rotureau, Elise | Pinheiro, Jose Paulo
Development of a flux DMT with integrated adsorptive stripping voltammetry for free metal ions detection in solution. Interfaces Against Pollution
Show more [+] Less [-]Solid-solution partitioning of Rare Earth Elements in mine-tailings and soils in China: experimental results and multi-surface modelling
2018
Janot, Noemie | Huot, Hermine | Otero-Fariña, Alba | Leguédois, Sophie | Groenenberg, Jan E. | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) ; Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU) | Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR)
International audience | Solid-solution partitioning of Rare Earth Elements in mine-tailings and soils in China: experimental results and multi-surface modelling. Interfaces Against Pollution
Show more [+] Less [-]Influence de pratiques réelles d’utilisations sur les émissions d’un appareil de chauffage domestique au bois
2018
Brandelet, Benoît | Rose, Christophe | Landreau, Julien | Rogaume, Caroline | Druette, Lionel | Rogaume, Yann
L’objectif de cette étude est de mettre en évidence l’influence sur les émissions et les performances d’un appareil de différents paramètres, comme l’humidité du bois, la présence d’écorce ou non, le calibre utilisé ainsi que le mode d’allumage. De nombreux résultats ressortent de cette étude. Tout d’abord, tous ces paramètres influent de manière considérable sur les émissions des appareils, notamment les émissions de particules, et ce, même à régime nominal. La présence d’écorce modifie la composition en carbone total des particules totales et implique l’émission d’un nouveau type de particule : les nano-cristaux. Une humidité élevée induit des niveaux de températures plus faibles. Ainsi, les émissions d’imbrûlés gazeux tels que les Composés Organiques Volatils vont augmenter de manière importante. Les émissions de particules, en quantité et en composition chimique, sont aussi significativement impactées par l’humidité du combustible. Deux modes d’allumage ont aussi été étudiés. Il s’avère qu’un allumage inversé permet de réduire de manière significative la globalité des émissions par rapport à un allumage classique. En effet, seules les émissions de Carbone Elémentaire sont plus importantes avec un allumage inversé. | he aim of this study is to bring to light the influence on firewood emissions and performance of several parameters like the moisture content of the fuel, the presence of bark, the caliber of the fuel but also the ignition mode. Many results emerge from this study. First of all, all these parameters significantly impact the emissions of the firewood at the nominal thermal heat output, especially the particles emissions. The presence of bark modifies the particles composition in total carbon. Moreover, the presence of bark induces the emissions of a new family of particles: the nanocrystal. A high moisture of the fuel led to a lower temperature in the combustion chamber. Then, the emissions of unburned gases, like the Volatile Organic Compounds, will considerably increase. The particles emissions and the composition of those particles were also significantly impacted by the moisture of the fuel. Two ignition modes were also studied. It appears that the top-down ignition against the traditional ignition allowed a significant decrease of all the emissions. Nevertheless, the elemental carbon emissions were more important with a top-down ignition.
Show more [+] Less [-]Retour d'expérience des filtres d'apatite granulée en taille réelle pour la rétention du phosphore dans les filtres plantés de roseaux | Full scale experience of granulated apatite filters for phosphorous retention in treatment wetlands.
2018
Delgado Gonzalez, L. | Gerbier, C. | Prost Boucle, S. | Troesch, S. | Molle, Pascal
There are 20 full-scale Phosclean® filters for P removal being used together with treatment wetlands (TW) to treat wastewaters of small and medium-size communities, in France. Some of them are in operation for more than five years now, reason why some field experiences are being conducted under the project name of APPROVE (APatite for P Removal and Valorisation: an Evaluation) to assess the current performance and saturation conditions of full-scale filters. This paper will present fieldfeedback results from 4 different wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) with Phosclean® filters. WWTP A (filter A) has been monitored since its commission in 2017 to assess the effluent's pH evolution due to material dissolution in the very first stage of its life span. Three other WWTPs (B, C and D) with hydraulically different Phosclean® filters, in operation since 2012, are also monitored: vertical up-flow (filter B); vertical down-flow (filter C) and horizontal flow (filter D). Assessment of the treatment plants use regulatory surveys since the beginning of plants operations. As treatment plants have not the same capacity, the number of regulatory surveys is heterogeneous and not high enough to have a precise knowledge on saturation levels and retention kinetics. Consequently, additional measurement campaigns have been carried out over two years. Four-day campaigns have been carried out twice per year for each WWTP. In order to evaluate the P retention's performance, 24h-flow proportional samplings at the inlet and outlet of the Phosclean® filter were coupled to spotsamplings at different hydraulic retention times inside the filter to measure retention's kinetic. Online P-PO4 measurements at the outlet of the filter were also conducted to observe possible dynamic within a day. Mayor parameters as pH, conductivity, redox potential, TSS, BOD, COD, N, TP, P-PO4 3- as well as anions and cations were measured for these samples. For filter A, a flowmeter and an online pH probe at the outlet of the filter have been implemented for several months. To determine the nature of phosphate precipitates, SEM and DRX analyses were performed for solid samples taken at different points in the filters. Furthermore, fluorescein-tracer tests were carried out to precisely determine water retention times and possible short-circuiting, as well as dynamic penetrometer measurements to assess potential changes on the material density due to surface precipitation. Results of first campaigns show that P concentration at the outlet of filters C and D respect the maximal regulation limit for total phosphorous disposal after 5 years of operation. This is not the case for filter B, after 4 years of operation, which is over the regulation limit fixed at 2.5mgTP/L. Nevertheless, differences in the regulation limits, inlet P concentrations, hydraulic loads, operation and design, must be taken into consideration to analyze variations of filters performances. The evolution of TP concentrations along time will be presented for all filters according to saturation levels for comparison. Kinetics evolution as a function of saturation conditions will be also presented. Results show that filters B, C and D are at different saturation levels, being filter B the most saturated.
Show more [+] Less [-]Pore scale monitoring of the resting period and oxygenation of filtering media in Vertical Flow Treatment Wetland by X-ray tomography | Suivi de la période de repos de la couche filtrante des filtres plantés de roseaux par tomographie RX
2018
Martinez Carvajal, G. | Oxarango, L. | Molle, Pascal | Forquet, N.
This study aims to enlighten the geometric changes at the pore scale of filtering media of Vertical Flow Treatment Wetlands (VFTW) and their influence on oxygenation during the rest period. A 3-day ex-situ drying of six samples of a VFTW was carried out at controlled temperature, and relative humidity simulating the rest period. Samples (16-cm long) were taken at the end of the feeding period of a filter in the first stage and let dry. Three of the samples were sterilized before drying using gamma rays to differentiate oxygenation without bacterial activity. At 0, 1 and 3 days of drying, X-ray scans of the samples were performed to observe changes in the samples structure. After each scan, the oxygen transport within the sample was studied by measuring vertical oxygen concentration profiles. Although X-ray tomography allows small structure changes to be detected, it is necessary to modify the drying conditions perform a more realistic drying. The complexity of the results of oxygen profiles lead us to suggest the use of CFD tools to understand how oxygenation occurs.
Show more [+] Less [-]Écologie Urbaine : Quoi, Pourquoi, Comment ?
2018
Abbadie, Luc | Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Monitoring mangrove forests after aquaculture abandonment using time series of very high spatial resolution satellite images: A case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia
2018
Proisy, Christophe | Viennois, Gaëlle | Sidik, Frida | Andayani, Ariani | Enright, James Antony | Guitet, Stéphane | Gusmawati, Niken | Lemonnier, Hugues | Muthusankar, Gowrappan | Olagoke, Adewole, A | Prosperi, Juliana | Rahmania, Rinny | Ricout, Anaïs, A | Soulard, Benoit | Suhardjono, X | Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP) ; Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]) | The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries | Mangrove Action Project | Groupement d'Interêt Public Ecosystèmes Forestiers GIP ECOFOR (GIP ECOFOR ) | Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC) | Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) | Projet INDESO; http://www.indeso.web.id
International audience | Revegetation of abandoned aquaculture regions should be a priority for any integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). This paper examines the potential of a matchless time series of 20 very high spatial resolution (VHSR) optical satellite images acquired for mapping trends in the evolution of mangrove forests from 2001 to 2015 in an estuary fragmented into aquaculture ponds. Evolution of mangrove extent was quantified through robust multitemporal analysis based on supervised image classification. Results indicated that mangroves are expanding inside and outside ponds and over pond dykes. However, the yearly expansion rate of vegetation cover greatly varied between replanted ponds. Ground truthing showed that only Rhizophora species had been planted, whereas natural mangroves consist of Avicennia and Sonneratia species. In addition, the dense Rhizophora plantations present very low regeneration capabilities compared with natural mangroves. Time series of VHSR images provide comprehensive and intuitive level of information for the support of ICZM.
Show more [+] Less [-]Traitement de l'azote global d'effluents concentrés et avec variations de charges par filtres plantés de végétaux avec aération forcée | Total nitrogen removal of highly concentrated and variable influents by treatment wetlands using forced aeration
2018
Prost Boucle, S. | Garcia, Oscar | Troesch, S. | Masson, M. | Petitjean, Anne | Molle, Pascal
Intensified treatment wetlands can reduce treatment wetlands footprint, improve efficiencies and deal with unusual influent characteristics. A specific design of 750 p.e. has been implemented for a highway rest area in France.
Show more [+] Less [-]Full scale experience of granulated apatite filters for phosphorous retention in treatment wetlands. | Retour d'expérience des filtres d'apatite granulée en taille réelle pour la rétention du phosphore dans les filtres plantés de roseaux
2018
Delgado Gonzalez, L. | Gerbier, C. | Prost-Boucle, Stéphanie | Troesch, S. | Molle, Pascal | Réduire, valoriser, réutiliser les ressources des eaux résiduaires (UR REVERSAAL) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | SYNTEA CAUMONT SUR DURANCE FRA ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Ecotechnologies [TR1_IRSTEA]TED [ADD1_IRSTEA]Valoriser les effluents et déchets organiques | International audience | There are 20 full-scale Phosclean® filters for P removal being used together with treatment wetlands (TW) to treat wastewaters of small and medium-size communities, in France. Some of them are in operation for more than five years now, reason why some field experiences are being conducted under the project name of APPROVE (APatite for P Removal and Valorisation: an Evaluation) to assess the current performance and saturation conditions of full-scale filters. This paper will present fieldfeedback results from 4 different wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) with Phosclean® filters. WWTP A (filter A) has been monitored since its commission in 2017 to assess the effluent's pH evolution due to material dissolution in the very first stage of its life span. Three other WWTPs (B, C and D) with hydraulically different Phosclean® filters, in operation since 2012, are also monitored: vertical up-flow (filter B); vertical down-flow (filter C) and horizontal flow (filter D). Assessment of the treatment plants use regulatory surveys since the beginning of plants operations. As treatment plants have not the same capacity, the number of regulatory surveys is heterogeneous and not high enough to have a precise knowledge on saturation levels and retention kinetics. Consequently, additional measurement campaigns have been carried out over two years. Four-day campaigns have been carried out twice per year for each WWTP. In order to evaluate the P retention's performance, 24h-flow proportional samplings at the inlet and outlet of the Phosclean® filter were coupled to spotsamplings at different hydraulic retention times inside the filter to measure retention's kinetic. Online P-PO4 measurements at the outlet of the filter were also conducted to observe possible dynamic within a day. Mayor parameters as pH, conductivity, redox potential, TSS, BOD, COD, N, TP, P-PO4 3- as well as anions and cations were measured for these samples. For filter A, a flowmeter and an online pH probe at the outlet of the filter have been implemented for several months. To determine the nature of phosphate precipitates, SEM and DRX analyses were performed for solid samples taken at different points in the filters. Furthermore, fluorescein-tracer tests were carried out to precisely determine water retention times and possible short-circuiting, as well as dynamic penetrometer measurements to assess potential changes on the material density due to surface precipitation. Results of first campaigns show that P concentration at the outlet of filters C and D respect the maximal regulation limit for total phosphorous disposal after 5 years of operation. This is not the case for filter B, after 4 years of operation, which is over the regulation limit fixed at 2.5mgTP/L. Nevertheless, differences in the regulation limits, inlet P concentrations, hydraulic loads, operation and design, must be taken into consideration to analyze variations of filters performances. The evolution of TP concentrations along time will be presented for all filters according to saturation levels for comparison. Kinetics evolution as a function of saturation conditions will be also presented. Results show that filters B, C and D are at different saturation levels, being filter B the most saturated.
Show more [+] Less [-]