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A survey of southern England coastal waters for the s-triazine antifouling compound Irgarol 1051.
1994
Gough M.A. | Fothergill J. | Hendrie J.D.
Surfactant solubilization of hydrophobic compounds in soil and water. 1. Dodecylsulphate monomer and micellar partition coefficients for 28 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (41)
1994
Rahman, M.S. (Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka (Bangladesh). Inst. of Food and Radiation Biology) | Paya-Perez, A.B. | Skejo-Andresen, H. | Larsen, B.R.
Reductions in the apparent soil-water partition coefficients (K(d)* ) for 28 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) caused by the surfactant sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the aqueous phase were studied. Above the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactant, K(d)* was reduced by 2-3 orders of magnitude, but even far below CMC at environmentally relevant surfacant concentrations significant reductions in Kd3 were observed. The plot of the soil-water partition coefficient (K(d)) divided by K(d)* versus the concentration of SDS allowed for the calculation of monomer (K(mn)(oc)) and micellar (K(mc)(oc)) surfactant-water parrition coefficients normalized to organic carbon for each PCB congener. K(mn)(oc) values were comparable with published values for the partition of PCBs between natural dissolved organic matter and lake water. K(mc)(oc) values were up to 30 times higher than K(mn)(oc) values and comparable with published octanol-water distribution coefficients. The findings of the present study underline the potential of surfactants at concentrations below their CMC to mobilize otherwise strongly bound hydrophobic compounds in soil-water systems.
Show more [+] Less [-]The ocean as part of the global carbon cycle
1994
Wolf-Gladrow, D. (Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven (Germany))
The ocean plays a central role in the global carbon cycle being by far the largest active reservoir. Atmospheric CO2 level depends on the CO2 concentration in the ocean surface layer, which is relatively low compared to mean oceanic values due to biological and physical carbon pumps. Although the ocean may take up much of the carbon released by the increased burning of fossil fuels, this capacity is limited because of the chemical buffering and a mismatch in time scales (oceanic mixing is much slower than anthropogenic perturbations).
Show more [+] Less [-]Pollution of soils and watercourses by wastes from livestock production systems
1994
Webb, J. | Archer, J.R. (ADAS, Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London SW1P 3JR (United Kingdom))
The pollution potential and flows of nitrogen to waters and the atmosphere from grassland under grazing
1994
Jarvis, S.C. (AFRC Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon EX20 2SB (United Kingdom))
