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Phytoarchitecture Integrates Hybrid Onsite Phytosanitation to Suppress Building Environmental Pollution
2023
Samudro, Harida | Samudro, Ganjar | Mangkoedihardjo, Sarwoko
Efficiency of environmental resources is one of the goals of the sustainable development of a building and its sanitation. Sanitation efficiency was sought through hybrid offsite system, which was a decentralization of sanitation services. This study proposed a hybrid onsite system combining phytoarchitecture and phytosanitation, which empowers renewable building plants to improve resource efficiency, as well as sustainable building environmental health. Based on various empirical studies on sanitation management in rural and urban areas in many places, this retrospective study identified three wastewater disposal efficiencies. It was through quantity distribution, environmental media in which the greywater could be discharged, and quality treatment. The results marked the feasibility of wastewater services for greywater treatment, which served at least 75% of the wastewater quantity. Its main contribution was related to the distribution of discharge to all environmental media, and the improvement of the quality of greywater at its disposal. Building plants could be used for hybrid onsite system, thereby making these plants multifunctional to maintain the quality of the building environment. This hybrid onsite phytosanitation system covered various feasibility features compared to other existing systems. Implementation was flexible for new provisions and adaptation to existing systems for both urban and rural areas. Thus, the service maintained sustainable buildings and environmental health.
Show more [+] Less [-]Review on Naphthenic Acids: An Important Environmental Pollutants Caused by Oil Extraction and Industries
2023
Sotoudeh, Yaser | Niksokhan, Mohammad Hossein | Karbassi, Abdolreza | Sarafrazi, Mohammad Reza
Naphthenic acids are a group of polar organic carboxylic acids that are present in crude oil naturally. They are cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids which have 10 to 16 carbons, which gained importance since the early twentieth century because of corrosion in oil refineries. Moreover, they are the most important environmental pollutants caused by oil extraction from oil sand reserves. Heavy crude oils which have high concentration of naphthenic acids are usually considered as poor-quality oil and sold at a lower price. Often, the high concentration of naphthenic acids in crude oil reduces the life of the equipment which are used in the exploration and refining process because of corrosion. Hence, researchers are increasingly interested in the chemical properties of naphthenic acids and the acidic components of the crude oils. The most popular methods for the identification and analysis of naphthenic acids are liquid and gas chromatography (GC), liquid-liquid extraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Naphthenic acids are the most important environmental pollutants caused by oil extraction from oil sand reserves. Previous studies have revealed that naphthenic acids can be absorbed by fish, but their distribution in different tissues of fish has not been specified. Experimental samples showed the highest toxicity to fish, while there was less toxicity to invertebrates and algae. Moreover, naphthenates have various industrial utilizations; they are used in synthetic detergents, corrosion inhibitors, lubricants, fuel and oil additives, wood preservatives, insecticides, fungicides, pesticides, wetting agents, napalm thickening agents, and oil desiccants that are utilized in painting and treating wood surfaces.
Show more [+] Less [-]Neuroactive pharmaceuticals in estuaries: Occurrence and tissue-specific bioaccumulation in multiple fish species
2023
Duarte, Irina, A | Reis-Santos, Patrick | Fick, Jerker | Cabral, Henrique | Duarte, Bernardo | Fonseca, Vanessa, F | Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE) ; Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida = University Institute of Psychological, Social and Life Sciences (ISPA) | University of Adelaide | Umeå University | Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience | Contamination of surface waters by pharmaceuticals is an emerging problem globally. This is because the increased access and use of pharmaceuticals by a growing world population lead to environmental contamination, threatening non-target species in their natural environment. Of particular concern are neuroactive pharmaceuticals, which are known to bioaccumulate in fish and impact a variety of individual processes such as fish reproduction or behaviour, which can have ecological impacts and compromise fish populations. In this work, we investigate the occurrence and bioaccumulation of 33 neuroactive pharmaceuticals in brain, muscle and liver tissues of multiple fish species collected in four different estuaries (Douro, Tejo, Sado and Mira). In total, 28 neuroactive pharmaceuticals were detected in water and 13 in fish tissues, with individual pharmaceuticals reaching maximum concentrations of 1590 ng/L and 207 ng/g ww, respectively. The neuroactive pharmaceuticals with the highest levels and highest frequency of detection in the water samples were psychostimulants, antidepressants, opioids and anxiolytics, whereas in fish tissues, antiepileptics, psychostimulants, anxiolytics and antidepressants showed highest concentrations. Bioaccumulation was ubiquitous, occurring in all seven estuarine and marine fish species. Notably, neuroactive compounds were detected in every water and fish brain samples, and in 95% of fish liver and muscle tissues. Despite variations in pharmaceutical occurrence among estuaries, bioaccumulation patterns were consistent among estuarine systems, with generally higher bioaccumulation in fish brain followed by liver and muscle. Moreover, no link between bioaccumulation and compounds' lipophilicity, species habitat use patterns or trophic levels was observed. Overall, this work highlights the occurrence of a highly diverse suite of neuroactive pharmaceuticals and their pervasiveness in waters and fish from estuarine systems with contrasting hydromorphology and urban development and emphasizes the urgent need for toxicity assessment of these compounds in natural ecosystems, linked to internalized body concentration in non-target species.
Show more [+] Less [-]Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories
2023
Pesce, Stephane | Mamy, Laure | Sanchez, Wilfried | Amichot, Marcel | Artigas, Joan | Mongruel, Remi | Munaron, Dominique | Aviron, Stephanie | Barthélémy, Carole | Beaudouin, Rémy | Bedos, Carole | Bérard, Annette | Berny, Philippe | Bertrand, Cédric | Bertrand, Colette | Betoulle, Dtephane | Bureau‑point, Eve | Charles, Sandrine | Chaumot, Arnaud | Chauvel, Bruno | Coeurdassier, Michael | Corio‑costet, Marie-france | Coutellec, Agnes | Crouzet, Olivier | Doussan, Isabelle | Faburé, Juliette | Fritsch, Clémentine | Gallai, Nicola | Gonzalez, Patrice | Gouy, Véronique | Hedde, Mickael | Langlais, Alexandra | Le Bellec, Fabrice | Leboulanger, Christophe | Margoum, Christelle | Martin‑laurent, Fabrice | Morin, Soizic | Mougin, Christian | Nélieu, Sylvie | Pelosi, Celine | Rault, Magali | Sabater, Sergi | Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine | Sucré, Alliott | Thomas, Marielle | Tournebize, Julien | Leenhardt, Sophie
Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020–2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA’s main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps.
Show more [+] Less [-]Effect of salinity on the fate of pesticides in irrigated systems: a first overview
2023
Khouni, Mariem | Hammecker, Claude | Grünberger, Olivier | Chaabane, Hanène | Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie (INAT) | Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | PROJET PRIMA ALTOS
International audience | This review investigates the impact of salinity on the fate of the active compounds of pesticides in a cultivated environment. Due to the over-exploitation of water resources and intensification of agriculture, salinity outbreaks are being observed more often in cultivated fields under pesticide treatments. Nevertheless, there is a poor understanding of the incidence of varying water salt loads on the behavior of pesticides’ active ingredients in soil and water bodies. The present review established that water salinity can affect the diffusion of pesticides’ active ingredients through numerous processes. Firstly, by increasing the vapor pressure and decreasing the solubility of the compounds, which is known as the salting-out effect, salinity can change the colligative properties of water towards molecules and the modification of exchange capacity and sorption onto the chemicals. It has also been established that the osmotic stress induced by salinity could inhibit the biodegradation process by reducing the activity of sensitive microorganisms. Moreover, soil properties like dissolved organic matter, organic carbon,clay content, and soil texture control the fate and availability of chemicals in different processes of persistence in water and soil matrix. In the same line, salinity promotes the formation of different complexes, such as between humic acid and the studied active compounds. Furthermore, salinity can modify the water flux due to soil clogging because of the coagulation and dispersion of clay particle cycles, especially when the change in salinity ranges is severe.
Show more [+] Less [-]Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories
2023
Pesce, Stéphane | Mamy, Laure | Sanchez, Wilfried | Amichot, Marcel | Artigas, Joan | Aviron, Stéphanie | Barthélémy, Carole | Beaudouin, Rémy | Bedos, Carole | Bérard, Annette | Berny, Philippe | Bertrand, Cédric | Bertrand, Colette | Betoulle, Stéphane | Bureau-Point, Eve | Charles, Sandrine | Chaumot, Arnaud | Chauvel, Bruno | Coeurdassier, Michael | Corio-Costet, M.-F. | Coutellec, Marie-Agnès | Crouzet, Olivier | Doussan, Isabelle | Fabure, Juliette | Fritsch, Clémentine | Gallai, Nicola | Gonzalez, Patrice | Gouy-Boussada, Véronique | Hedde, Mickael | Langlais, Alexandra | Le Bellec, Fabrice | Leboulanger, Christophe | Margoum, Christelle | Martin-Laurent, Fabrice | Mongruel, Rémi | Morin, Soizic | Mougin, Christian | Munaron, Dominique | Nelieu, Sylvie | Pélosi, Céline | Rault, Magali | Sabater, Sergi | Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine | Sucré, Elliott | Thomas, Marielle | Tournebize, Julien | Leenhardt, Sophie | RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA) ; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS) ; COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) | Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) | Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP) ; Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU) | Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS) | Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Interactions Cellules Environnement - UR (ICE) ; VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE) ; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO) ; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH) ; Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-SFR Condorcet ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Norbert Elias (CNELIAS) ; École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Agroécologie [Dijon] ; Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) ; Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC) | Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE) ; Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Dynamique et durabilité des écosystèmes : de la source à l’océan (DECOD) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Office français de la biodiversité (OFB) | Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG) ; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS) ; COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) | Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux (LEREPS) ; Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU) ; Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Institut de l'Ouest : Droit et Europe (IODE) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM) | Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Universitat de Girona (UdG) | Physiologie et Toxines des Microalgues Toxiques et Nuisibles (PHYTOX) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Mayotte (CUFR) | Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA) ; Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Hydrosystèmes continentaux anthropisés : ressources, risques, restauration (UR HYCAR) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Direction de l'Expertise scientifique collective, de la Prospective et des Etudes ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | French Office for Biodiversity (OFB) through the national ECOPHYTO plan
International audience | Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020-2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA's main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps.
Show more [+] Less [-]Assessment of contaminants in blue sharks from the Northeast Atlantic: Profiles, accumulation dynamics, and risks for human consumers
2023
Alves, Luís M.F. | Lemos, Marco F.L. | Moutinho, Ariana, B | Ceia, Filipe, R | Muñoz-Arnanz, Juan | Jiménez, Begoña | Cabral, Henrique | Novais, Sara, C | Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE) ; Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida = University Institute of Psychological, Social and Life Sciences (ISPA) | institute of organic chemistry (IQOG-GSIC), Madrid, Spain (IQOC-CSIC) | Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience | Chemical pollution is a major threat to marine ecosystems, and top predators such as most shark species are extremely vulnerable to being exposed and accumulating contaminants such as metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This work aimed to study the degree, composition, and the sources of contamination in the blue shark (Prionace glauca) inhabiting the Northeast Atlantic, as well as the potential risk faced by human consumers. A total of 60 sharks were sampled in situ aboard fishing vessels, and the concentrations of a set of metals and POPs were analysed in various tissues and complemented with stable isotope analyses. High levels of contaminants were found in most sharks sampled. The concentrations of most metals were higher in the muscle when compared with the liver. Regarding the dangers to consumers posed by the concentrations of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb), over 75% of the sharks presented muscle concentrations of at least one contaminant above the legal limits for human consumption, and a risk assessment determined that consumption of meat of these sharks exceeding 0.07 Kg per week could potentially expose human consumers to dangerous amounts of methylmercury (MeHg). Additionally, the assessment of single contaminants may lead to an underestimation of the risk for the human health. Finally, the overall accumulation of contaminants seems to be mostly influenced by the sharks' geographical distribution, rather than sex, size, or trophic level of their prey. ☆ This paper has been recommended for acceptance by Christian Sonne.
Show more [+] Less [-]Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories
2023
Pesce, Stéphane | Mamy, Laure | Sanchez, Wilfried | Amichot, Marcel | Artigas, Joan | Aviron, Stéphanie | Barthélémy, Carole | Beaudouin, Rémy | Bedos, Carole | Bérard, Annette | Berny, Philippe | Bertrand, Cédric | Bertrand, Colette | Betoulle, Stéphane | Bureau-Point, Ève | Charles, Sandrine | Chaumot, Arnaud | Chauvel, Bruno | Coeurdassier, Michael | Corio-Costet, Marie-France | Coutellec, Marie-Agnès | Crouzet, Olivier | Doussan, Isabelle | Fabure, Juliette | Fritsch, Clémentine | Gallai, Nicola | Gonzalez, Patrice | Gouy-Boussada, Véronique | Hedde, Mickael | Langlais, Alexandra | Le Bellec, Fabrice | Leboulanger, Christophe | Margoum, Christelle | Martin-Laurent, Fabrice | Mongruel, Rémi | Morin, Soizic | Mougin, Christian | Munaron, Dominique | Nélieu, Sylvie | Pélosi, Céline | Rault, Magali | Sabater, Sergi | Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine | Sucré, Elliott | Thomas, Marielle | Tournebize, Julien | Leenhardt, Sophie | RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA) ; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UniCA) | Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) | Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP) ; Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU) | Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS) | Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | Interactions Cellules Environnement - UR (ICE) ; VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE) ; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO) ; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH) ; Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-SFR Condorcet ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Norbert Elias (CNELIAS) ; École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives [LBBE] ; Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE] ; Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Agroécologie [Dijon] ; Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) ; Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC) | Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE) ; Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Dynamique et durabilité des écosystèmes : de la source à l’océan (DECOD) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Service santé de la faune et fonctionnement des écosystèmes agricoles (OFB Service Santé Agri) ; Direction de la recherche et de l’appui scientifique (OFB - DRAS) ; Office français de la biodiversité (OFB)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB) | Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG) ; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UniCA) | École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA) | Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux (LEREPS) ; Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU) ; Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Institut de l'Ouest : Droit et Europe (IODE) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation - MARBEC (UMR MARBEC ) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM) | Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Universitat de Girona = University of Girona (UdG) | Unité Physiologie et Toxines des Microalgues Toxiques et Nuisibles (PHYTOX) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Mayotte (CUFR) (CUFR) | Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA) ; Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Hydrosystèmes continentaux anthropisés : ressources, risques, restauration (UR HYCAR) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Direction de l'Expertise scientifique collective, de la Prospective et des Etudes (DEPE) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | French Office for Biodiversity (OFB) through the national ECOPHYTO plan | ANR-11-LABX-0066,SMS/SSW,Structurations des mondes sociaux(2011)
International audience | Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020-2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA's main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps.
Show more [+] Less [-]Katowice Climate Package: Analysis, Assessment and Outlook
2023
Aditi Nidhi
Climate change is a widely debated topic in the 21st century, with various perspectives and opinions on its causes and potential remedies. Climate change risks have perplexed authorities and made protecting human life and health difficult. The elements that cause climate change, such as the combustion of fossil fuels, air pollutants, short-lived climatic pollutants, etc., have affected both the climate and human health. The Paris Agreement established several commitment periods that each nation was obligated to follow in accordance with their own individual capacities. This will assist in achieving greater human health and environmental benefits. To develop a robust climate change framework, WHO and other UN organizations have moved up to resolve these challenges. From the first international conference in 1988 to the current Conference of Parties, it has been concluded that “humanity is conducting an unintended, uncontrolled, globally pervasive experiment, the ultimate consequences of which could be second only to a global nuclear war.” The recent Katowice Agreement and the climate change package that was put in place demonstrate the seriousness required to resolve the issues of finance, loss and damage, and differentiation mechanisms, which were thoroughly discussed. The paper will focus on the existing legal solutions for providing climate justice to nations. The study will also look at the effectiveness of COP24 in executing adaptation and mitigation plans and adhering to the Paris Agreement in both text and spirit.
Show more [+] Less [-]Negative Effects of the Urban River Pollution on the Environment and Human Health in Bangladesh
2023
Kudrat-E-Khuda (Babu), Md. Riaduzzaman, Tahmina Akter and Sumaia Akther
Based on research findings, Bangladesh’s river water, crucial for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use, has long been in a terrible situation. There have been numerous instances of significant contamination in the waterways surrounding Dhaka city, including the Buriganga River, and in Chattogram city, including the Karnaphuli River, over the past 40 years. The existing data demonstrate that other urban rivers, particularly Karatoa, Teesta, Rupsa, Pasur, and Padma, are also in severe condition due to the disposition of huge pollutants. Contaminants flowing with the water have severely polluted the downstream areas of the rivers. High metal concentrations are frequently observed in river water during the dry season. In the Buriganga River and at certain locations in the Turag, Balu, Sitalakhya, and Karnaphuli Rivers, the presence of dissolvable oxygen (DO) is nearly zero. NO3, NO2, and PO4-3 pollution has also occurred in many rivers. Most rivers have Cr, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Mn, As, and Ni concentrations beyond the legal limit for drinking water. In contrast, some rivers have metal concentrations above the legal irrigation water limit. The majority of the rivers, particularly the peri-urban rivers in Dhaka city, Teesta, Korotoa, Rupsha, Karnaphuli, and Meghna Rivers, have significantly higher metal concentrations, according to sediment data. Metal concentrations in sediment are generally higher than USEPA standards in most rivers. Metal concentrations in fish and crops demonstrate metal bioaccumulation. The trend in metal concentration follows the order of water, fish, and sediment. It has been shown that crops irrigated with tainted water contain dangerous metals. The analysis of daily intake data on carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic substances reveals that consuming contaminated food can seriously impact human health.
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