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Arsenic fractionation in mine spoils 10 years after aided phytostabilization
2012
Kumpiene, Jurate | Fitts, Jeffrey P. | Mench, Michel | Division of Waste Science and Technology ; Luleå University of Technology = Luleå Tekniska Universitet (LUT) | Environmental Sciences Department ; Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL) ; UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU) ; State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU) ; State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE) | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
International audience | Aided phytostabilization using a combination of compost, zerovalent iron grit and coal fly ash (CZA) amendments and revegetation effectively promoted the biological recovery of mining spoils generated at a gold mine in Portugal. Selective dissolution of spoil samples in combination with solid phase characterization using microbeam X-ray absorption near edge structure (μXANES) spectroscopy and microbeam X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) mapping were used to assess As associations in spoils ten years after CZA treatment. The results show that As preferentially associates with poorly crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides as opposed to crystalline Fe-(oxyhydr)oxide phases. The crystalline Fe(III)-phases dominated in the treated spoil and exceeded those of the untreated spoil three-fold, but only 2.6–6.8% of total As was associated with this fraction. Correlation maps of As:Fe reveal that As in the CZA-treated spoils is primarily contained in surface coatings as precipitates and sorbates. Arsenic binding with poorly crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides did not inhibit As uptake by plants.
Show more [+] Less [-]Physicochemical and biological characterisation of different dredged sediment deposit sites in France
2006
Capilla, Xavier | Schwartz, Christophe | Bedell, Jean-Philippe | Sterckeman, Thibault | Perrodin, Yves | Morel, Jean-Louis | Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement ; École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE) | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
Physicochemical and biological characterisation of different dredged sediment deposit sites in France
Show more [+] Less [-]Accumulation capacities of particulate matter in an acrocarpous and a pleurocarpous moss exposed at three differently polluted sites (industrial, urban and rural)
2010
Faburé, J. | Meyer, C. | Denayer, F. | Gaudry, A. | Gilbert, D. | Bernard, N. | Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE) | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) ; Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC) | 'Primequal-Predit' French Environmental Ministry ; Ademe
International audience | The aim of this study was to compare the capacity of two morphologically different moss species to accumulate elements when exposed to three different types of air pollution (rural, urban and industrial). Transplants of Pseudoscleropodium purum and Ceratodon purpureus were exposed for 6 months, and the concentrations of 18 elements (Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, La, Pb and Bi) in the mosses samples were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. On the whole, the metals were accumulated by mosses, and this accumulation was correlated with concentrations in the atmospheric particles. Whereas P. purum is to be preferred for Al, Cu, Zn and Fe monitoring, C. purpureus was most efficient at accumulating Mo, Ti, V, As, Sn, La and Pb. In both species, a phenomenon of saturation was observed during the exposure at the most contaminated site (industrial).
Show more [+] Less [-]Cellular distribution of metals in a liverwort and in a moss transplanted to two streams of differing acidity.
2008
Thiebaut, Gabrielle | Giamberini, Laure | Ghanbaja, Jaafar
To investigate the consequences of acidification and metal accumulation on the biology of aquatic bryophytes, the acid-tolerant liverwort Scapania undulata (L.) Dum. and the acid-sensitive moss Rhynchostegium riparioides (Hedw.) Cardot were transplanted from one stream to two other streams of differing acidity (pH 5.20 and 6.38). The bryophytes were collected in a circumneutral (pH 6.57) stream in the Vosges Mountains. Metal accumulation was semiquantitatively measured in shoots by energy dispersive TEM X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). After 1 month, the two species remained green without alteration signs. Although no marked ultrastructural damage was observed in either species, some cells seemed to be necrotic, with flattened chloroplasts, in R. riparioides. Lipid droplet accumulation was observed in some leaf cells of S.undulata when transplanted to the most acidic stream. Metal was mostly localised in the cell wall, and was only sometimes detected in small vacuoles. Under acidic conditions, R. riparioides showed the highest relative amount of Al and the lowest amount of Fe, whereas the acid-tolerant bryophyte species S. undulata contained more Fe and less Al. The capability to limit the uptake of metals into the cytoplasm varies according to the bryophyte species. This could be an explanation of the tolerance of S. undulata to acidification. | International audience
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