Monitoring of phytobenthos was performed seasonally, on five locations of Montenegrin coast for the purpose of environmental monitoring. Locations with highest biodiversity were Budva and Stari Ulcinj, while the poorest one was Kotor. Regression of seagrass Posidonia oceanica was observed on the Krasici location.

Creation of scientific basis for rational use of water resources is impossible without studying viability of the microorganisms, their influence on the formation of chemical properties of natural waters and an explanation of the principles of biochemical processes such as transformation of elements in the aquatic environment. The survey of microbial (bacterial) characteristics of watercourses in the Republic of Srpska was conducted on a total of 64 streams within Operational, International and National surveillance monitoring. Sampling and analysis of samples was performed during the period from May to October. The study included ecological and sanitary aspects of river quality.

In Laboratory for examination of waste waters in Belgrade sewerage system many analysis are being done to indicate the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of waste waters. Biochemical analyses which are being done include two parameters: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and newly introduced parameter index of phosphate activity (IFA). Determination of IFA is relatively fast biochemical method which can, within few hours, give information of present organic pollution and its results could be applied for categorization of waters. Analyses were conducted during 2008 and according to the results waste waters mainly belong to the 5th category of water, more, the examined waste waters were out of all water describing categories.

Environment is subject of changes in the presence of aquatic pollutants which increase synthesis of biotransformation enzymes and elicitate oxidative stress in aquatic organisms. Monitoring changes of quality of aquatic ecosystems could be based on watching certain biomarkers, like biochemical, molecular and physiological responses of aquatic organisms after exposure to organic toxicants.

Monitoring of ecological condition of the coastal sea of Montenegro has been carried out extensively since 1963 along with foundation of the Institute of marine Biology in Kotor (Montenegro). Recently, in accordance with recommendations of the Barcelona Convention, the LBS Protocol, the EU Framework Directive for coastal waters and domestic laws, in recent years has been carried out continuous monitoring of quality water, sediments, biota as well as ecological effects of pollution on constant monitoring positions in this southeastern part of the Adriatic. In this paper was given an over view of activities and the plan of long-term continuous monitoring of environmental quality and ecological condition of the coastal sea of Montenegro.

The results of sediment quality monitoring gathered during the period 2002-2008 were processed and shown in the current work to assess the overall sediment quality in Vojvodina watercourses regarding heavy metals content. Since Serbia does not have legislation for sediment quality, Canadian and Dutch sediment criteria were used for evaluation of sediment quality. The elevated concentrations of heavy metals in Vojvodina watercourses are a consequence of the discharge of untreated or partially treated industrial and municipal wastewaters, but also of the corosion of metal structures and constructions (Cu, Zn) as well as the influence of difussion sources, principally agriculture (Cd, Cr, Hg) and transport (Pb).

It is intended the build up of three automated measurement stations for continuous measurement of water quantity and quality parameters on the rivers Danube and Tisza: water level, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, ammonium ion concentration, nitrates concentration and chlorophyll a. The purpose of continuous measurement was to demonstrate the variability in time and space of the aquatic processes, as well as remote transfer of data to the centre. The large fluctuations of the data from discrete measurements illustrated the importance of continuous measurements for the complete description and modelling of the biological processes in the river.

Since the water from the intergranular aquifer of Cemovsko Polje (Montenegro) represents an invaluable drinking water reserve, which can also be used for irrigation, the check up of the aquifer revealed that it is being infiltrated by pollutants from somewhere within the catchment area. The results have shown that the mentioned water from the intergranular aquifer (T3 and T4) is influenced by the agricultural activities in the area, leakage from the uncontrolled landfill of Podgorica, depending on the hydrological conditions, and, to a smaller degree, by the quality of the surface waterflows, with which it is connected.

A monitoring program was organized with the aim of assessing the quality of sediment and water in Nadela canal regarding metal content (Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg). Water was the 1st/2nd class according to national requirements. The Canadian probable effect guideline value for sediment quality is occasionally or constantly exceeded for different metals. Mercury and zinc contents are in elevated concentrations and nickel shows a tendency for accumulation. The results obtained give a preliminary overview of watercourse imperilment.

Water wells are among the oldest hydraulic engineering structures in the world. Today, hundreds of water wells service water supply systems in Serbia, and groundwaters are widely used for public water supply. Extensive practical engineering experience in water well operation has identified a number of problems which affect well service life and capacity (i.e. reduce specific yield). Some of the encountered problems are, also, a result of microbial activity in groundwater. Products of life processes of groundwater specific microbial community cause biocorrosion, blockage, closure, plugging, deposition, and biofouling of well screens and collectors. We applied BART biodetectors as a reliable tool in monitoring well rehabilitation effectiveness. This paper presents several process assessments based on BART biodetector tests conducted at Belgrade groundwater source.