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Performance of faecal indicator bacteria, microbial source tracking, and pollution risk mapping in highland tropical water
2021
Goshu, G. | Koelmans, A.A. | de Klein, J.J.M.
Faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are used for the assessment of faecal pollution and possible water quality deterioration. There is growing evidence that FIB used in temperate regions are not adequate and reliable to detect faecal pollution in tropical regions. Hence, this study evaluated the adequacy of FIB, including total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli (EC), Enterococci (IEC), and Clostridium perfringens (CP) in the high-altitude, tropical country of Ethiopia. In addition to FIB, for microbial source tracking (MST), a ruminant-associated molecular marker was applied at different water types and altitudes, and faecal pollution risk mapping was conducted based on consensus FIB. The performances of the indicators were evaluated at 22 sites from different water types. The results indicate that EC cell enumeration and CP spore determination perform well for faecal contamination monitoring. Most of the sub-basins of Lake Tana were found to be moderately to highly polluted, and the levels of pollution were demonstrated to be higher in the rainy season than in the post-rainy season. Markers associated with ruminants (BacR) were identified in more than three quarters of the sites. Moderate to high levels of faecal pollution were found in most sub-basins, and the highest levels were found during the rainy season. A bacterial pollution risk map was developed for sub-basins of Lake Tana, including the un-gauged sub-basins. We demonstrate how bacterial pollution risk mapping can aid in improvements to water quality testing and reduce risk to the general population from stream bacteria.
Show more [+] Less [-]Performance of faecal indicator bacteria, microbial source tracking, and pollution risk mapping in highland tropical water
2021
Goshu, G. | Koelmans, A.A. | de Klein, J.J.M.
Faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are used for the assessment of faecal pollution and possible water quality deterioration. There is growing evidence that FIB used in temperate regions are not adequate and reliable to detect faecal pollution in tropical regions. Hence, this study evaluated the adequacy of FIB, including total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli (EC), Enterococci (IEC), and Clostridium perfringens (CP) in the high-altitude, tropical country of Ethiopia. In addition to FIB, for microbial source tracking (MST), a ruminant-associated molecular marker was applied at different water types and altitudes, and faecal pollution risk mapping was conducted based on consensus FIB. The performances of the indicators were evaluated at 22 sites from different water types. The results indicate that EC cell enumeration and CP spore determination perform well for faecal contamination monitoring. Most of the sub-basins of Lake Tana were found to be moderately to highly polluted, and the levels of pollution were demonstrated to be higher in the rainy season than in the post-rainy season. Markers associated with ruminants (BacR) were identified in more than three quarters of the sites. Moderate to high levels of faecal pollution were found in most sub-basins, and the highest levels were found during the rainy season. A bacterial pollution risk map was developed for sub-basins of Lake Tana, including the un-gauged sub-basins. We demonstrate how bacterial pollution risk mapping can aid in improvements to water quality testing and reduce risk to the general population from stream bacteria.
Show more [+] Less [-]Heavy metals in allotment gardens close to an oil refinery in Plock
1997
Mikula, W. (Warsaw Agricultural Univ., Warszawa (Poland). Faculty of Horticulture, Dept. of Environmental Protection) | Indeka, L.
Growth decline in red spruce and balsam fir relative to natural processes
1986
Hornbeck, J.W. (Northeastern Forest Experiment Station USDA, Durham, NH (USA)) | Smith, R.B. | Federer, C.A.
Three species of genus Pinus suitable as bioindicators of polluted environment
1998
Micieta, K. (Comenius Univ., Bratuslava (Slovak Republic). Inst. of Cell Biology) | Murin, G.
Fish contamination and human exposure to mercury in Tartarugalzinho River, Amapa State, Northern Amazon, Brazil: a screening approach
1997
Bidone, E.D. (Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Dept. Geoquimica) | Castilhos, Z.C. | Santos, T.J.S. | Souza, T.M.C. | Lacerda, L.D.
Needle S fractions and S to N ratios as indices of SO(2) deposition
1997
Manninen, S. (Oulu Univ. (Finland). Dept. of Biology and Botany) | Huttunen, S. | Peraemaeki, P.
Mercury content in relation to sex, size, age and growth in two scorpionfish (Helicolenus dactylopterus and Pontinus kuhlii) from Azorean waters
1991
Monteiro, L.R. (Azores Univ., Horta (Portugal). Dept. of Oceanography and Fisheries) | Isidro, E.J. | Lopes, H.D.
PCB concentrations in stream sunfish (Lepomis auritus and L. macrochirus) in relation to proximity to chronic point sources
1990
Southworth, G.R. (Environmental Sciences Div., Oak Ridge, TN (USA). Oak Ridge National Lab.)
Cyanogen accumulation in environment during processing of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) for starch and sago
1998
Balagopalan, C. (Central Tuber Crops Research Inst., Trivandrum, Kerala (India). Div. of Crop Utilization and Biotechnology) | Rajalakshmy, L.