Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment (THP) is an effective sludge treatment method which provides several advantages such as enhanced biogas formation and fertilizer production. The main limitation to THP-AD is that hazardous odors, including NH₃ and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), are emitted during the sludge treatment process. In order to develop strategies to eliminate odors, it is necessary to identify the key odors and emissions sites. This study identified production of NH₃ (741.60 g·dry sludge t⁻¹) and VSCs (277.27 g·dry sludge t⁻¹) during sludge AD after THP, and measured emissions in each of the THP-AD sludge treatment sites. Odor intensity, odor active values, permissible concentration-time weighted average, and non-carcinogenic risks were also assessed in order to determine the sensory impact, odor contribution, and health impacts of NH₃ and VSCs. The results revealed that odor pollution existed in all of the test sites, particularly in the sludge pump room and pre-dehydration workshop. NH₃, H₂S, and methyl mercaptan caused very strong odors, and levels of NH₃ and H₂S were enough to impact the health of on-site employees.

Con el fin de conocer el funcionamiento del producto OSE-II (Oill Spill Eater II) sobre los lodos impregnados con hidrocarburos, se realizó una prueba piloto en lodos impregnados con hidrocarburos provenientes del tratamiento de aguas residuales industriales (ARI) de una empresa petrolera ubicada en el municipio de Villagarzón, departamento del Putumayo. La prueba consistió en preparar un lecho de secado de seis compartimientos, los cuales fueron clasificados en dos secciones A y B. Cada una de las secciones contó con un sistema de tubería para aireación. Para lograr conocer el efecto del producto sobre los lodos, se tomaron muestras para análisis fisicoquímicos, cuyos resultados demostraron que algunos de los parámetros medidos por los laboratorios como las grasas y aceites, cloruros, DBO5 (Demanda Biológica de Oxígeno), DQO (Demanda Química de Oxígeno), fenoles, fosfatos, hidrocarburos aromáticos totales, hierro, nitrógeno, SST (Sólidos Suspendidos Totales), sulfatos, sulfuros y los TPH (Hidrocarburos Totales de Petróleo), estuvieron por fuera de los límites permisibles de las normas Louisiana 29B y la Resolución 0631 de 2015, después del tratamiento. Por lo tanto, la aplicación del producto OSE-II a los lodos impregnados con hidrocarburos no sería viable, haciendo necesario la implementación de un pre o post tratamiento que complemente la acción del producto para poder realizar una correcta disposición, puesto que los resultados evidenciaron la presencia de diferentes sustancias y compuestos dañinos para el ambiente y la salud humana que podrían representar sanciones para la empresa, en caso de disponerse estos residuos sin un tratamiento completo. Las características de los lodos dificultan el análisis fisicoquímico realizado por los laboratorios no especializados para este tipo de materiales, por lo que los resultados entregados tienen variaciones que podrían considerarse estrechamente relacionados a estas falencias de medición. La aplicación del producto OSE-II en el tratamiento de lodos impregnados con hidrocarburo, reduciría la inversión económica realizada por la empresa GTEC (Gran Tierra Energy Colombia) en el tratamiento y manejo de estos lodos, dado que el producto puede ser aplicado in situ evitando el traslado de los lodos impregnados con hidrocarburo hacia otros lugares, al igual que evita la contratación de otras empresas para el tratamiento y manejo de estos lodos | In order to know the operation of the OSE-II product (Oill Spill Eater II) on the muds impregnated with hydrocarbons, a pilot test was carried out on muds impregnated with hydrocarbons from the industrial wastewater treatment (ARI) of an oil company located in the municipality of Villagarzón, department of Putumayo. The test consisted of preparing a six-compartment drying bed, which was classified into two sections A and B. Each section had a piping system for aeration. To get to know the effect of the product on the sludge, samples were taken for physicochemical analysis, whose results showed that some of the parameters measured by the laboratories such as fats and oils, chlorides, BOD5 (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Demand of Oxygen), phenols, phosphates, total aromatic hydrocarbons, iron, nitrogen, SST (Total Suspended Solids), sulfates, sulphides and TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons), were outside the permissible limits of Louisiana 29B standards and the Resolution 0631 of 2015, after treatment. Therefore, the application of the OSE-II product to the sludge impregnated with hydrocarbons would not be feasible, making it necessary to implement a pre or post treatment that complements the action of the product to be able to make a proper disposal, since the results evidenced the presence of different substances and compounds harmful to the environment and human health that could represent sanctions for the company, if these wastes are disposed of without complete treatment. The characteristics of the sludges make the physicochemical analysis performed by non-specialized laboratories for this type of materials difficult, so the results delivered have variations that could be considered closely related to these measurement failures. The application of the OSE-II product in the treatment of sludge impregnated with hydrocarbon, would reduce the economic investment made by the company GTEC (Gran Tierra Energy Colombia) in the treatment and management of these sludges, since the product can be applied on site avoiding the transfer of muds impregnated with hydrocarbon to other places, as well as avoiding the hiring of other companies for the treatment and management of these sludges | Pasantía institucional (Ingeniera Ambiental) -- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2019 | Pregrado | Ingeniero(a) Ambiental