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Copper accumulation in five weed species commonly found in the understory vegetation of Mediterranean vineyards
2023
Mattiello, Alessandro | Novello, Nicola | Cornu, Jean-Yves | Babst-Kostecka, Alicja | Pošćić, Filip | Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie] | Central Queensland University (CQU) | Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA) ; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | University of Arizona
International audience | Copper (Cu) concentration in agricultural soils often exceeds toxicological limits due to application of Cu-based fungicides. The potential of weeds for their use as functional cover plants in vineyard management and phytoremediation practices is little explored. We identified five weed species widely present in vineyards and assessed their Cu accumulation from eleven Mediterranean vineyards (soil Cu: 60-327 mu g g(-1)) and two adjacent control sites (soil Cu: 15-30 mu g g(-1)). Soils and plants were characterized by their physico-chemical properties and nutrient content. We applied multivariate techniques to analyze relationships between soil properties and leaf nutrient composition. Copper tolerance and accumulation traits were further tested in hydroponics using a series of CuSO4 concentrations (0.1-16 mu M).Under field conditions, the highest Cu concentration in both roots and leaves were found in Lolium perenne (221 and 461 mu g g(-1), respectively), followed by Plantago lanceolata, Rumex obtusifolius and Taraxacum officinale (>100 mu g g(-1) Cu in leaves). Only one species, Trifolium repens, did not accumulate remarkable Cu concentrations. Overall, and as revealed by the multivariate analyses, leaf Cu concentration was driven by soil Cu content, soil texture, organic matter, nitrogen, and Cu uptake into roots. However, functional regression analysis and controlled experiments suggested that Cu might be additionally absorbed from the deposits on the leaf surface related to the Cu-fungicide treatments and soil dust. Our study highlights the importance of intra-specific variability in Cu accumulation among weed species in Cu-contaminated agricultural soils. Further validation of these findings under controlled conditions could provide essential insights for optimizing management and remediation strategies.
Show more [+] Less [-]Exposure of larvae to thiamethoxam affects the survival and physiology of the honey bee at post-embryonic stages
2017
Tavares, Daiana Antonia | Dussaubat, Claudia | Kretzschmar, Andre | Carvalho, Stephan Malfitano | Silva-Zacarin, Elaine C.M. | Malaspina, Osmar | Bérail, Géraldine | Brunet, Jean-Luc | Belzunces, Luc | Departamento de Biologia ; Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP) | Abeilles et Environnement (AE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU) | Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux (BioSP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Universidade Federal de Lavras = Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) | Universidade Federal de São Carlos [São Carlos] (UFSCar) | Laboratoire de l'Environnement et de l'Alimentation de la Vendée ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Sao Paulo Research Foundation 2013/21634-8 2012/50197-2
Under laboratory conditions, the effects of thiamethoxam were investigated in larvae, pupae and emerging honey bees after exposure at larval stages with different concentrations in the food (0.00001 ng/µL, 0.001 ng/µL and 1.44 ng/µL). Thiamethoxam reduced the survival of larvae and pupae and consequently decreased the percentage of emerging honey bees. Thiamethoxam induced important physiological disturbances. It increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at all developmental stages and increased glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and carboxylesterase para (CaEp) activities at the pupal stages. For midgut alkaline phosphatase (ALP), no activity was detected in pupae stages, and no effect was observed in larvae and emerging bees. We assume that the effects of thiamethoxam on the survival, emergence and physiology of honey bees may affect the development of the colony. These results showed that attention should be paid to the exposure to pesticides during the developmental stages ofthe honey bee. This study represents the first investigation of the effects of thiamethoxam on the development of A. mellifera following larval exposure.
Show more [+] Less [-]Chemical stability of metallic nanoparticles: A parameter controlling their potential cellular toxicity in vitro
2009
Auffan, Melanie | Rose, Jérôme | Wiesner, Mark, | Bottero, Jean-Yves | Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University ; Duke University [Durham]
International audience | The ability of metallic nanoparticles to be oxidized, reduced or dissolved in biological media can be used to predict their toxicity in vitro. a b s t r a c t The level of production of nanoparticles will inevitably lead to their appearance in air, water, soils, and organisms. A theoretical framework that relates properties of nanoparticles to their biological effects is needed to identify possible risks to human health and the environment. This paper considers the properties of dispersed metallic nanoparticles and highlights the relationship between the chemical stability of these nanoparticles and their in vitro toxicity. Analysis of published data suggests that chemically stable metallic nanoparticles have no significant cellular toxicity, whereas nanoparticles able to be oxidized, reduced or dissolved are cytotoxic and even genotoxic for cellular organisms.
Show more [+] Less [-]Chemical stability of metallic nanoparticles: A parameter controlling their potential cellular toxicity in vitro
2009
Auffan, Melanie | Rose, Jérôme | Wiesner, Mark, R | Bottero, Jean-Yves | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Duke University [Durham]
International audience | The ability of metallic nanoparticles to be oxidized, reduced or dissolved in biological media can be used to predict their toxicity in vitro. a b s t r a c t The level of production of nanoparticles will inevitably lead to their appearance in air, water, soils, and organisms. A theoretical framework that relates properties of nanoparticles to their biological effects is needed to identify possible risks to human health and the environment. This paper considers the properties of dispersed metallic nanoparticles and highlights the relationship between the chemical stability of these nanoparticles and their in vitro toxicity. Analysis of published data suggests that chemically stable metallic nanoparticles have no significant cellular toxicity, whereas nanoparticles able to be oxidized, reduced or dissolved are cytotoxic and even genotoxic for cellular organisms.
Show more [+] Less [-]Competitive sorption of heavy metal by soils. Isotherms and fractional factorial experiments
1998
Echevarria, Guillaume | Morera, M.T. | Mazkiaran, C. | Garrido, J.J. | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA)
Competing ions strongly affect heavy metal sorption onto the solid surfaces of soil. This study evaluated competitive sorption of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn on three soils: Calcixerollic Xerochrept, Paralithic Xerorthent and Lithic Haplumbrept. Monometal and competitive sorption isotherms were obtained at 25°C. The individual effect of ions on retention of the others was ascertained by a fractional factorial analysis design. Most of the sorption isotherms belonged to type L subtype 2 in the classification of Giles. In competitive sorption the initial linear part was shorter and the knee sharper when compared with monometal sorption isotherms. Parameters related to sorptive capacity, such as Point B, Langmuir monolayer and Freundlich distribution coefficient, were higher in monometal than in competitive sorption, and in basic soils than in acidic soil. Calcium desorbed at different points of the sorption isotherms indicated that cationic exchange with Ca was the main retention mechanism in calcareous soils. For Pb, the ratio Ca desorbed/Pb sorbed was close to one; for Cu, Ni and Zn the ratio ranged from 1.20 to 1.37, probably due to partial dissolution of calcium carbonates by hydrolytic processes during retention. On the other hand, Cd had a ratio around 0.6 reflecting another additional retention mechanism, probably surface complexation. Fractional factorial design confirmed that the presence of the cations investigated reduced the amount of the five metals retained, but the presence of Cu and Pb in the system depressed Ni, Cd and Zn sorption more than the inverse. Cation mobility was enhanced when equilibrium concentration increased and the effect was higher in Ca-saturated soils.
Show more [+] Less [-]Looking at biological community level to improve ecotoxicological assessment of freshwater sediments: Report on a First French-Swiss Workshop | Considérer les communautés biologiques afin d'améliorer l'évaluation de la qualité écotoxicologique des sédiments : Bilan d'un premier séminaire Franco-Suisse
2018
Pesce, Stéphane | Perceval, O. | Bonnineau, C. | Casado Martinez, C. | Dabrin, Aymeric | Lyautey, E. | Naffrechoux, E. | Ferrari, B.J.D. | RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Agence française pour la biodiversité | Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG) | Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]) | Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME) ; Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA [ADD1_IRSTEA]Systèmes aquatiques soumis à des pressions multiples | International audience | The first French-Swiss workshop on ecotoxicology of freshwater sediment communities was co-organized by the French Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (Irstea) and the Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology (Ecotox Centre EAWAG-EPFL) in Villié-Morgon (Beaujolais Region, France) on April 27-28, 2017. The workshop brought together scientists working in different fields of expertise (ecotoxicologists, ecologists, environmental chemists...), environmental stakeholder groups and managers, as well as economic players (start-ups and consultancies) to better connect research needs of potential end-users with research outputs. The objectives of this workshop were (i) to establish the state of the art of research in the characterization of sediment contamination and in the evaluation of the effects on sediment-associated biological communities and ecosystem functioning and (ii) to give an overview of the French and Swiss regulations dealing with the assessment of contaminated sediments in freshwater ecosystems. The ultimate goal was to collectively identify research needs and knowledge gaps, as well as to highlight ways to improve the ecotoxicological assessment of sediments in freshwater environments by further considering the structure and functions of associated microbial and invertebrate communities.
Show more [+] Less [-]Evidence for the importance of litter as a co-substrate for MCPA dissipation in an agricultural soil
2016
Saleh, Omar | Pagel, Holger | Enowashu, Esther | Devers, Marion | Martin-Laurent, Fabrice | Streck, Thilo | Kandeler, Ellen | Poll, Christian | University of Hohenheim | Birzeit University | Agroécologie [Dijon] ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement | DFG Biogeochemical Interfaces [SPP1315, KA 1590/5-1]
International audience | Environmental controls of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) degradation are poorly understood. We investigated whether microbial MCPA degraders are stimulated by (maize) litter and whether this process depends on concentrations of MCPA and litter. In a microcosm experiment, different amounts of litter (0, 10 and 20 g kg(-1)) were added to soils exposed to three levels of the herbicide (0, 5 and 30 mg kg(-1)). The treated soils were incubated at 20 A degrees C for 6 weeks, and samples were taken after 1, 3 and 6 weeks of incubation. In soils with 5 mg kg(-1) MCPA, about 50 % of the MCPA was dissipated within 1 week of the incubation. Almost complete dissipation of the herbicide had occurred by the end of the incubation with no differences between the three litter amendments. At the higher concentration (30 mg kg(-1)), MCPA endured longer in the soil, with only 31 % of the initial amount being removed at the end of the experiment in the absence of litter. Litter addition greatly increased the dissipation rate with 70 and 80 % of the herbicide being dissipated in the 10 and 20 g kg(-1) litter treatments, respectively. Signs of toxic effects of MCPA on soil bacteria were observed from related phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses, while fungi showed higher tolerance to the increased MCPA levels. The abundance of bacterial tfdA genes in soil increased with the co-occurrence of litter and high MCPA concentration, indicating the importance of substrate availability in fostering MCPA-degrading bacteria and thereby improving the potential for removal of MCPA in the environment.
Show more [+] Less [-]Biochemical assessment of cellular energy allocation in Daphnia magna exposed to toxic stress as an alternative to the conventionnal "Scope for growth" methodology
1995
De Coen, W.M. (University of Ghent (Belgique). Laboratory of Biological Research in Aquatic Pollution) | Janssen, C.R. | Persoone, G.
Polysaccharide and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes as biomarkers of contamination of Lymnaea palustris (Mollusca, Gastropoda) by atrazine and hexachlorobenzene in freshwater mesocoms
1995
Baturo, W. (Universite de Paris 11, Orsay (France). Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Zoologie) | Lagadic, L. | Caquet, T.