The reaction of Pd(II) with 1,8-dihydroxy-2-(pyrazol-5-ylazo)-naphthalen-3,6-disulphonic acid immobilized by physical sorption onto Dowex 1-X8 ion-exchange resin was investigated with the aim to develop the sorption-spectroscopic test method for the detection of low Pd(II) concentrations in water. The resin phase absorption spectra of the reagent and its Pd(II) complex were followed. The immobilized reagent has the spectral characteristics similar to those in the water and forms with Pd(II) 1:1 complex with the absorption maximum at 650 nm. Parameters, such as pH, wavelength and contact time have been optimized for a given amount of the sorbed reagent. The experimental conditions for the linear dependence of absorbance vs. Pd(II) concentration have been determined.

Marine pollution causes significant damage to fisheries and other economically productive uses of the ocean. The value of that damage can be quantified by economists, but the meanings of those valuations and how they are derived are often obscure to noneconomists. Economic Losses from Marine Pollution brings a fuller understanding of the variety and extent of marine losses and how they are assessed to scientists, lawyers, and environmentalists by systematically identifying and classifying marine losses and relating them to models and methods of economic valuation. The authors use a step-by-step approach to show how economists have used these methods and how they approach the problem of assessing economic damage. The book begins by describing the importance of economic valuation of marine damages, the history of concern over marine pollution, and the development of economic methodologies to assess damage from it. Following that, the book: considers types of marine pollution and their effects on organisms, ecosystems, and humans, and the corresponding economic effects of those biological impacts introduces the economic principles and methods needed to understand and to assess economic damages expresses losses from water quality impairments in terms of economic value introduces the basic economic techniques that have been developed and used to measure changes in economic value discusses how to apply those economic techniques, and presents a variety of practical examples explores limitations and problems that can arise in such applied work. Economic Losses from Marine Pollution includes all of the relevant economic theory together with specific examples of how that theory has been and can be applied. It offers environmental professionals with little or no background in economics the basic economic tools needed to understand economic valuations of environmental damage. --Publisher.

This book provides a review and guide to environmental policy options for the control of agricultural pollution (particularly water pollution) and the economic, administrative and political merits of such policies. The principal focus is on the developed world, particularly North America and Europe. The book covers: the issues concerning agriculture and water quality; the voluntary and indirect approaches for reducing externalities and satisfying multiple objectives; the estimation of the benefits and costs of pollution control policies; the pollution control policies in the USA and EU; and the decomposition of the effects of trade on the environment. The book contains 7 chapters and a subject index.

Papers on Malaysia -- Thailand -- Australia.

From the 86 oral and poster papers originally presented, 28 papers have been selected for these proceedings. They are in seven focus areas: urban issues; watershed analysis; agriculture and forestry; groundwater; modeling analysis and application; policy consideration; and application of geographic information systems.