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Seasonal variations of contamination and exoskeletal malformations in the white shrimps Palaemon longirostris in the Gironde estuary, France Full text
2018
Lévesque, B. | Cachot, J. | Boët, Philippe | Lepage, Mario | Mazzella, Nicolas | Martin, C. | Gourves, P.Y. | Legeay, A. | Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Seasonal variations of contamination and exoskeletal malformations in the white shrimps Palaemon longirostris in the Gironde estuary, France Full text
2018
Lévesque, B. | Cachot, J. | Boët, Philippe | Lepage, Mario | Mazzella, Nicolas | Martin, C. | Gourves, P.Y. | Legeay, A. | Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [ADD1_IRSTEA]Dynamique et fonctionnement des écosystèmes | International audience | Since the end of the 1980s, white shrimps (Palaemon longirostris) from the Gironde estuary have exhibited exoskeletal malformations, mainly involving cephalothorax, rostrum, scaphocerites and uropods. An 8-month study was carried out in 2015. Each month, 200 individuals were sampled and examined for exoskeletal malformations. Temporal variations in malformationfrequency were noted,particularlyduringthebreedingperiod, along withdecreases in the sizeof non-deformedshrimps related to the appearance of juveniles in breeding sites, and high mortality among deformed shrimps. A significant increase in proportions of deformed shrimp was observed, relating particularly to the size (and therefore the age) of individuals. No significant difference was found between shrimp proportions with different numbers of malformations (one to four) for a fixed size class, nor was there any variation in proportions within different size classes for a fixed number of malformations. This would appear toindicate thatthe number ofmalformations isacquiredand new malformations donot seemto appearduringthe lifecycle,exceptforthesmallest(youngest)shrimps.Themalformationspectrumshowednosignificantdifferencesbetweenthe biggest and smallest individuals for the different malformation associations, except for those involving cephalothorax, rostrum and uropods. This would suggest that some malformation associations lead to a higher mortality rate in shrimps subjected to them, due to greater impairment of feeding and/or swimming behaviour. Multiple component analysis of the different types of malformation showed correlations between exoskeletal pieces (rostrum and cephalothorax) and appendixes (scaphocerites and uropods). Regarding metal contamination in shrimp, no significant difference was highlighted between deformed and nondeformed shrimps. Organic pollutants were not measured in tissues. Certain herbicides such as metolachlore and chlortoluron.
Show more [+] Less [-]Seasonal variations of contamination and exoskeletal malformations in the white shrimps Palaemon longirostris in the Gironde estuary, France Full text
2018
Levesque, Bérenger | Cachot, Jérôme | Boët, Philippe | Lepage, Mario | Mazella, Nicolas | Martin, Caroline | Gourves, Pierres-Yves | Legeay, Alexia
Since the end of the 1980s, white shrimps (Palaemon longirostris) from the Gironde estuary have exhibited exoskeletal malformations, mainly involving cephalothorax, rostrum, scaphocerites and uropods. An 8-month study was carried out in 2015. Each month, 200 individuals were sampled and examined for exoskeletal malformations. Temporal variations in malformation frequency were noted, particularly during the breeding period, along with decreases in the size of non-deformed shrimps related to the appearance of juveniles in breeding sites, and high mortality among deformed shrimps. A significant increase in proportions of deformed shrimp was observed, relating particularly to the size (and therefore the age) of individuals. No significant difference was found between shrimp proportions with different numbers of malformations (one to four) for a fixed size class, nor was there any variation in proportions within different size classes for a fixed number of malformations. This would appear to indicate that the number of malformations is acquired and new malformations do not seem to appear during the life cycle, except for the smallest (youngest) shrimps. The malformation spectrum showed no significant differences between the biggest and smallest individuals for the different malformation associations, except for those involving cephalothorax, rostrum and uropods. This would suggest that some malformation associations lead to a higher mortality rate in shrimps subjected to them, due to greater impairment of feeding and/or swimming behaviour. Multiple component analysis of the different types of malformation showed correlations between exoskeletal pieces (rostrum and cephalothorax) and appendixes (scaphocerites and uropods). Regarding metal contamination in shrimp, no significant difference was highlighted between deformed and non-deformed shrimps. Organic pollutants were not measured in tissues. Certain herbicides such as metolachlore and chlortoluron were detected at high concentrations in the Gironde estuary during the breeding period corresponding to the higher occurrence of exoskeletal malformations.
Show more [+] Less [-]Biochem-Env: a platform of biochemistry for research in environmental and agricultural sciences Full text
2018
Cheviron, Nathalie | Grondin, Virginie | Mougin, Christian | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Plateforme BIOCHEM-ENV ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011)
Biochem-Env: a platform of biochemistry for research in environmental and agricultural sciences Full text
2018
Cheviron, Nathalie | Grondin, Virginie | Mougin, Christian | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Plateforme BIOCHEM-ENV ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011)
Biochemical indicators are potent tools to assess ecosystem functioning under anthropic and global pressures. Nevertheless, additional work is needed to improve the methods used for the measurement of these indicators, and for a more relevant interpretation of the obtained results. To face these challenges, the platform Biochem-Env aims at providing innovative and standardized measurement protocols, as well as database and information system favoring result interpretation and opening. Its skills and tools are also offered for expertise, consulting, training, and standardization. In addition, the platform is a service of a French Research Infrastructure for Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems, for research in environmental and agricultural sciences.
Show more [+] Less [-]Biochem-Env: a platform of biochemistry for research in environmental and agricultural sciences Full text
2018
Cheviron, Nathalie | Grondin, Virginie | Mougin, Christian | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Plateforme BIOCHEM-ENV ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Biochemical indicators are potent tools to assess ecosystem functioning under anthropic and global pressures. Nevertheless, additional work is needed to improve the methods used for the measurement of these indicators, and for a more relevant interpretation of the obtained results. To face these challenges, the platform Biochem-Env aims at providing innovative and standardized measurement protocols, as well as database and information system favoring result interpretation and opening. Its skills and tools are also offered for expertise, consulting, training, and standardization. In addition, the platform is a service of a French Research Infrastructure for Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems, for research in environmental and agricultural sciences.
Show more [+] Less [-]Successful Biodegradation of a Refractory Pharmaceutical Compound by an Indigenous Phenol-Tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Full text
2018
Hemidouche, Sabra | Favier, Lidia | Amrane, Abdeltif | Dabert, Patrick | Le Roux, Sophie | Sadaoui, Zahra | Laboratoire de Génie de la Réaction ; Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene = University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB) | Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Optimisation des procédés en Agriculture, Agroalimentaire et Environnement (UR OPAALE) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
Successful Biodegradation of a Refractory Pharmaceutical Compound by an Indigenous Phenol-Tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Full text
2018
Hemidouche, Sabra | Favier, Lidia | Amrane, Abdeltif | Dabert, Patrick | Le Roux, Sophie | Sadaoui, Zahra | Laboratoire de Génie de la Réaction ; Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene = University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB) | Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Optimisation des procédés en Agriculture, Agroalimentaire et Environnement (UR OPAALE) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Ecotechnologies [TR1_IRSTEA]TED [ADD1_IRSTEA]Valoriser les effluents et déchets organiques | International audience | This study provides an alternative solution for the bioremediation of a recalcitrant pharmaceutical micropollutant. Clofibric acid (CLA) was chosen as target molecule, because of its environmental persistence and resistance to wastewater treatment technologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a phenol-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated from the activated sludge to degrade CLA. In order to evaluate the effect of acclimation process with glucose as carbon co-substrate, two protocols were performed, in which the transfer of the inoculum is carried out either in the exponential growth phase or in the decline phase. The results showed a removal efficiency of CLA of 35% when cells in the decline phase were used for inoculation. In contrast, a very low removal yield (10%) was achieved when cells harvested in the exponential phase were used as inoculum. This work is the first one reporting on the capability of this bacterium to remove this drug. The obtained data showed that the isolated strain is able to degrade target molecule and might be a promising agent for the elimination of this refractory compound.
Show more [+] Less [-]Successful Biodegradation of a Refractory Pharmaceutical Compound by an Indigenous Phenol-Tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Full text
2018
Hemidouche, Sabra | Favier, Lidia | Amrane, Abdeltif | Dabert, Patrick | Le Roux, Sophie | Sadaoui, Zahra
This study provides an alternative solution for the bioremediation of a recalcitrant pharmaceutical micropollutant. Clofibric acid (CLA) was chosen as target molecule, because of its environmental persistence and resistance to wastewater treatment technologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a phenol-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated from the activated sludge to degrade CLA. In order to evaluate the effect of acclimation process with glucose as carbon co-substrate, two protocols were performed, in which the transfer of the inoculum is carried out either in the exponential growth phase or in the decline phase. The results showed a removal efficiency of CLA of 35% when cells in the decline phase were used for inoculation. In contrast, a very low removal yield (10%) was achieved when cells harvested in the exponential phase were used as inoculum. This work is the first one reporting on the capability of this bacterium to remove this drug. The obtained data showed that the isolated strain is able to degrade target molecule and might be a promising agent for the elimination of this refractory compound.
Show more [+] Less [-]Biocontrol, new questions for Ecotoxicology? Full text
2018
Amichot, Marcel | Joly, Pierre | Martin-Laurent, Fabrice | Siaussat, David | Lavoir, Anne-Violette | Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | BIOVITIS ; BIOVITIS (FRANCE) | Agroécologie [Dijon] ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC) | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | ERA-NET ARIMNet2, project STomP; IDEX BOOST Projet structurant Universite Cote d'Azur | ANR-15-ARM2-0003,STomP,Sustainable Tomato Production: plant defense enhancement, development of new biopesticides and optimization of environmental, water and chemical inputs(2015)
International audience | Biocontrol strategies are viewed as an environment friendly alternative to the use of conventional synthetic pesticides to control pests or weeds in agrosystems and are expected to supersede the use of pesticides. Nevertheless, biocontrol solutions are not devoid of drawbacks. As encountered with conventional pesticides, one can expect side-effects of biopesticides on non-targeted organisms and/or ecosystem processes. The "bio-" prefix in the word "biopesticides" does it necessarily guarantee their environment safe profile? In this context, we call to mind the researchers of the network ECOTOX (French network of ecotoxicology; https://www6.inra.fr/ecotox) in the framework of a roundtable entitled "Biocontrol & Ecotoxicology" on the following questions: who is experienced in ecotoxicology in relation with biocontrol in its own research? To what extend would it be useful to introduce ecotoxicology in biocontrol? What is the fate of biopesticides in the environment? What role could we cast to ecotoxicology in biocontrol regulations? We report here a synthesis of the discussions engaged during the roundtable.
Show more [+] Less [-]Surveying shrimp aquaculture pond activity using multitemporal VHSR satellite images - case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia Full text
2018
Gusmawati, Niken | Soulard, Benoêt | Selmaoui-Folcher, Nazha | Proisy, Christophe | Mustafa, Akhmad | Le Gendre, Romain | Laugier, Thierry | Lemonnier, Hugues | Agency of Research and Development for Marine and Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries | Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de la Matière et de l'Environnement (PPME) ; Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC) | Unité Lagons, Ecosystèmes et Aquaculture Durable en Nouvelle-Calédonie (LEADNC) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie]) | Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP) ; Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Surveying shrimp aquaculture pond activity using multitemporal VHSR satellite images - case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia Full text
2018
Gusmawati, Niken | Soulard, Benoêt | Selmaoui-Folcher, Nazha | Proisy, Christophe | Mustafa, Akhmad | Le Gendre, Romain | Laugier, Thierry | Lemonnier, Hugues | Agency of Research and Development for Marine and Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries | Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de la Matière et de l'Environnement (PPME) ; Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC) | Unité Lagons, Ecosystèmes et Aquaculture Durable en Nouvelle-Calédonie (LEADNC) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie]) | Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP) ; Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience | From the 1980's, Indonesian shrimp production has continuously increased through a large expansion of culturedareas and an intensification of the production. As consequences of diseases and environmental degradations linkedto this development, there are currently 250,000 ha of abandoned ponds in Indonesia. To implement effectiveprocedure to undertake appropriate aquaculture ecosystem assessment and monitoring, an integrated indicatorbased on four criteria using very high spatial optical satellite images, has been developed to discriminate activefrom abandoned ponds. These criteria were: presence of water, aerator, feeding bridge and vegetation. Thisindicator has then been applied to the Perancak estuary, a production area in decline, to highlight the abandonmentdynamic between 2001 and 2015. Two risk factors that could contribute to explain dynamics of abandonmentwereidentified: climate conditions and pond locations within the estuary, suggesting that a spatial approach should beintegrated in planning processes to operationalize pond rehabilitation.
Show more [+] Less [-]Surveying shrimp aquaculture pond activity using multitemporal VHSR satellite images - case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia Full text
2018
Gusmawati, Niken | Soulard, Benoit | Selmaoui-folcher, Nazha | Proisy, Christophe | Mustafa, Akhmad | Le Gendre, Romain | Laugier, Thierry | Lemonnier, Hugues
From the 1980's, Indonesian shrimp production has continuously increased through a large expansion of cultured areas and an intensification of the production. As consequences of diseases and environmental degradations linked to this development, there are currently 250,000 ha of abandoned ponds in Indonesia. To implement effective procedure to undertake appropriate aquaculture ecosystem assessment and monitoring, an integrated indicator based on four criteria using very high spatial optical satellite images, has been developed to discriminate active from abandoned ponds. These criteria were: presence of water, aerator, feeding bridge and vegetation. This indicator has then been applied to the Perancak estuary, a production area in decline, to highlight the abandonment dynamic between 2001 and 2015. Two risk factors that could contribute to explain dynamics of abandonment were identified: climate conditions and pond locations within the estuary, suggesting that a spatial approach should be integrated in planning processes to operationalize pond rehabilitation.
Show more [+] Less [-]Surveying shrimp aquaculture pond activity using multitemporal VHSR satellite images - case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia Full text
2018
Gusmawati, Niken | Soulard, Benoît | Selmaoui-Folcher, Nazha | Proisy, Christophe | Mustafa, Akmad | Le Gendre, Romain | Laugier, Thierry | Lemonnier, Hugues
From the 1980's, Indonesian shrimp production has continuously increased through a large expansion of cultured areas and an intensification of the production. As consequences of diseases and environmental degradations linked to this development, there are currently 250,000ha of abandoned ponds in Indonesia. To implement effective procedure to undertake appropriate aquaculture ecosystem assessment and monitoring, an integrated indicator based on four criteria using very high spatial optical satellite images, has been developed to discriminate active from abandoned ponds. These criteria were: presence of water, aerator, feeding bridge and vegetation. This indicator has then been applied to the Perancak estuary, a production area in decline, to highlight the abandonment dynamic between 2001 and 2015. Two risk factors that could contribute to explain dynamics of abandonment were identified: climate conditions and pond locations within the estuary, suggesting that a spatial approach should be integrated in planning processes to operationalize pond rehabilitation.
Show more [+] Less [-]Assisted Phytoremediation of a Multi-contaminated Industrial Soil Using Biochar and Garden Soil Amendments Associated with Salix alba or Salix viminalis: Abilities to Stabilize As, Pb, and Cu Full text
2018
Lebrun, Manhattan | Miard, Florie | Hattab-Hambli, Nour | Bourgerie, Sylvain | Morabito, Domenico, D. | Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO) | Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL)
Assisted Phytoremediation of a Multi-contaminated Industrial Soil Using Biochar and Garden Soil Amendments Associated with Salix alba or Salix viminalis: Abilities to Stabilize As, Pb, and Cu Full text
2018
Lebrun, Manhattan | Miard, Florie | Hattab-Hambli, Nour | Bourgerie, Sylvain | Morabito, Domenico, D. | Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO) | Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL)
International audience | With the development of the industrial era, environmental pollution by organic and inorganic pollutants increased and became a worldwide issue. Particularly, former industrial sites often present high concentrations of metal(loid)s. These pollutions have adverse effects not only on the environment but also to human health, as pollutants can enter the food chain. Therefore, contaminated sites need rehabilitation. Phytoremediation is a clean and low-cost solution to remediate such sites. However, vegetation establishment can be difficult on such extreme soils from both a physical and a chemical point of view. Consequently, amendments, like biochar and garden soil, must be applied. Biochar, product of biomass pyrolysis under low-oxygen conditions, showed beneficial effects on soil fertility and plant growth, as well as metal(loid) sorption properties. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of two organic amendments, biochar and garden soil, alone or combined, on the physico-chemical properties of a post-industrial soil and the growth of two Salix species (Salix alba and Salix viminalis) and evaluate the phytostabilizing capacities of the two Salix species. In this goal, a greenhouse experiment was performed, using garden soil at 50% (v/v) and/or biochar at 2 or 5% (w/w). The results showed that biochar did not improve soil physico-chemical properties, neither did it affect plant parameters (dry weight, organ metal(loid)s concentrations). Moreover, higher metal(loid) concentrations were found in the roots compared to the upper parts. Finally, S. alba presented lower metal(loid) concentrations in the aboveground parts compared to S. viminalis, associated with a good growth, which make it a better candidate for phytostabilization of the studied soil.
Show more [+] Less [-]Assisted Phytoremediation of a Multi-contaminated Industrial Soil Using Biochar and Garden Soil Amendments Associated with Salix alba or Salix viminalis: Abilities to Stabilize As, Pb, and Cu Full text
2018
Lebrun, Manhattan | Miard, Florie | Hattab-Hambli, Nour | Bourgerie, Sylvain | Morabito, Domenico
With the development of the industrial era, environmental pollution by organic and inorganic pollutants increased and became a worldwide issue. Particularly, former industrial sites often present high concentrations of metal(loid)s. These pollutions have adverse effects not only on the environment but also to human health, as pollutants can enter the food chain. Therefore, contaminated sites need rehabilitation. Phytoremediation is a clean and low-cost solution to remediate such sites. However, vegetation establishment can be difficult on such extreme soils from both a physical and a chemical point of view. Consequently, amendments, like biochar and garden soil, must be applied. Biochar, product of biomass pyrolysis under low-oxygen conditions, showed beneficial effects on soil fertility and plant growth, as well as metal(loid) sorption properties. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of two organic amendments, biochar and garden soil, alone or combined, on the physico-chemical properties of a post-industrial soil and the growth of two Salix species (Salix alba and Salix viminalis) and evaluate the phytostabilizing capacities of the two Salix species. In this goal, a greenhouse experiment was performed, using garden soil at 50% (v/v) and/or biochar at 2 or 5% (w/w). The results showed that biochar did not improve soil physico-chemical properties, neither did it affect plant parameters (dry weight, organ metal(loid)s concentrations). Moreover, higher metal(loid) concentrations were found in the roots compared to the upper parts. Finally, S. alba presented lower metal(loid) concentrations in the aboveground parts compared to S. viminalis, associated with a good growth, which make it a better candidate for phytostabilization of the studied soil.
Show more [+] Less [-]Development and implementation of eco-genomic tools for aquatic ecosystem biomonitoring: the SYNAQUA French-Swiss program Full text
2018
Lefrancois, Estelle | Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil, Laure | Blancher, Philippe | Botreau, Samuel | Chardon, Cécile | Crepin, Laura | Cordier, Tristan | Cordonier, Arielle | Domaizon, Isabelle | Ferrari, Benoit | Guéguen, Julie | Hustache, Jean-Christophe | Jacas, Louis | Jacquet, Stéphan | Lacroix, Sonia | Mazenq, Anne-Laurence | Pawlowska, Alina | Perney, Pascal | Pawlowski, Jan | Rimet, Frédéric | Rubin, Jean-François | Trevisan, Dominique | Vivien, Régis | Bouchez, Agnes | Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]) | Département de Génétique et Evolution ; Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE) | Independent | Asters Conservatoire des Espaces Naturels de Haute-Savoie | Service cantonal de l'écologie de l'eau | Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M) ; Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR) ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | ID-GENE Ecodiagnostics | Department of genetics and evolution ; Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE) | Ecole d'ingénieurs HES ; HES | Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG) | European Cross-Border Cooperation Program (Interreg France-Switzerland); Swiss cantons (Valais, Geneva, Vaud); European (European Regional Development Fund)
International audience | The effectiveness of environmental protection measures is based on the early identification and diagnosis of anthropogenic pressures. Similarly, restoration actions require precise monitoring of changes in the ecological quality of ecosystems, in order to highlight their effectiveness. Monitoring the ecological quality relies on bioindicators, which are organisms revealing the pressures exerted on the environment through the composition of their communities. Their implementation, based on the morphological identification of species, is expensive because it requires time and experts in taxonomy. Recent genomic tools should provide access to reliable and high-throughput environmental monitoring by directly inferring the composition of bioindicators' communities from their DNA (metabarcoding). The French-Swiss program SYNAQUA (INTERREG France-Switzerland 2017-2019) proposes to use and validate the tools of environmental genomic for biomonitoring and aims ultimately at their implementation in the regulatory bio-surveillance. SYNAQUA will test the metabarcoding approach focusing on two bioindicators, diatoms, and aquatic oligochaetes, which are used in freshwater biomonitoring in France and Switzerland. To go towards the renewal of current biomonitoring practices, SYNAQUA will (1) bring together different actors: scientists, environmental managers, consulting firms, and biotechnological companies, (2) apply this approach on a large scale to demonstrate its relevance, (3) propose robust and reliable tools, and (4) raise public awareness and train the various actors likely to use these new tools. Biomonitoring approaches based on such environmental genomic tools should address the European need for reliable, higher-throughput monitoring to improve the protection of aquatic environments under multiple pressures, guide their restoration , and follow their evolution.
Show more [+] Less [-]Biological impacts of local vs. regional land use on a small tributary of the Seine River (France): insights from a food web approach based on stable isotopes Full text
2018
Hette-Tronquart, N. | Oberdorff, T. | Tales, E. | Zahm, Amandine | Belliard, J. | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Dynamique et fonctionnement des écosystèmes | International audience | As part of the landscape, streams are influenced byland use. Here, we contributed to the understanding of the biological impacts of land use on streams, investigating how landscape effects vary with spatial scales (local vs. regional). We adopted a food web approach integrating both biological structure and functioning, to focus on the overall effect of land use on stream biocoenosis. We selected 17 sites of a small tributary of the Seine River (France) for their contrasted land use, and conducted a natural experiment by sampling three organic matter sources, three macroinvertebrate taxa, and most of the fish community. Using stable isotope analysis, we calculated three food web metrics evaluating two major dimensions of the trophic diversity displayed by the fish community: (i) the diversity of exploited resources and (ii) the trophic level richness. The idea was to examine whether (1) land-use effects varied according to spatial scales, (2) land use affected food webs through an effect on community structure and (3) land use affected food webs through an effect onavailable resources. Beside an increase in trophic diversity from upstream to downstream, our empirical data showed that food webs were influenced by land use in the riparian corridors (local scale). The effect was complex, and depended on site's position along the upstream-downstream gradient. By contrast, land use in the catchment (regional scale) did not influence stream biocoenosis. At the local scale, community structure was weakly influenced by land use, and thus played a minor role in explaining food web modifications. Our results suggested that the amount of available resources at the base of the food web was partly responsible for food web modifications. In addition, changes in biological functioning (i.e. feeding interactions) can also explain another part of the land-use effect. These results highlight the role played by the riparian corridors as a buffer zone, and advocate that riparian corridor should be at the centre of water management attention.
Show more [+] Less [-]Reconstructing long-term trajectories of fish assemblages using historical data: the Seine River basin (France) during the last two centuries Full text
2018
Belliard, Jérôme | Beslagic, S. | Delaigue, Olivier | Tales, Evelyne | Hydrosystèmes continentaux anthropisés : ressources, risques, restauration (UR HYCAR) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | POLE D'HISTOIRE ENVIRONNEMENTALE UNIVERSITY OF NAMUR BEL ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Systèmes aquatiques soumis à des pressions multiples | International audience | We used historical sources from the end of the nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century and current data to retrace fish assemblage trajectories for the past 150 years on 29 river stretches distributed throughout the Seine River basin. We based our analyses on species presence/absence, occurrence of amphidromous and non-native species, and species ecological traits related to habitat preference, oxygen and temperature requirements, and diet. In accordance with general trends observed for Western Europe, we detected a general decline of amphidromous species and an increase in nonnative species, even if, at some sites, several non-native species were extirpated. These changes affecting amphidromous and non-native species led to a weak increase in beta-diversity in fish assemblages. Independently of amphidromous and non-native species, for a reduced set of sites, we noted that changes in the balance of ecological traits over time, trace, in a consistent way, the major steps that affected watercourses like waterway development, increasing pollution, dam construction, or, locally, the recent wastewater treatment improvement. Despite local variations, we found contrasted trends between, on one hand, large rivers and/or catchments which had experienced strong expansion in human population, where fish assemblages had deteriorated, and, on the other hand, upstream catchments, with a declining human population, where fish assemblages showed signs of improvement. Because our results suggested that long-term changes affecting fish assemblages cannot be summarized as an unequivocal gradual degradation, we questioned the use of historical data to define ecological reference conditions for river assessment and management purposes.
Show more [+] Less [-]Pesticide residue profiles in bee bread and pollen samples and the survival of honeybee colonies: a case study from Luxembourg Full text
2018
Beyer, M. | Lenouvel, A. | Guignard, C. | Eickermann, M. | Clermont, Antoine | Kraus, F. | Hoffmann, - | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION DEPARTMENT LUX ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | ADMINISTRATION DES SERVICES TECHNIQUES DE L'AGRICULTURE LUXEMBOURG LUX ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Ecotechnologies [TR1_IRSTEA]INSPIRE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Équiper l'agriculture | International audience | Pesticide residues (112 compounds) were quantified by GC-MS/MS or LC-MS/MS in 85 bee bread samples and 154 pollen samples obtained from five apiaries each with three or four colonies (genotype Buckfast) in Luxembourg over the period 2011-2013. Thiacloprid, chlorfenvinphos, tebuconazole, and methiocarb were found most frequently in bee bread while thiacloprid, permethrin-cis, and permethrin-trans were detected most frequently in the pollen samples. Three neonicotinoid insecticides (clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam) that were restricted by an EU regulation in 2013 after our sampling campaign was finished were each found in less than 8% of the pollen or bee bread samples. The maximum concentrations of thiacloprid, metazachlor, and methiocarb measured in the pollen collected by a group of honeybee colonies (n=5) without survivors within the 3-year period of observation were 86.20 +/- 10.74ng/g, 2.80 +/- 1.26ng/g, and below the limit of quantification, respectively. The maximum concentrations of the same compounds measured in the pollen collected by a group of honeybee colonies with significantly (P=0.02) more survivors (7 out of 9) than expected, if the survivors had been distributed randomly among the groups of colonies, were 11.98 +/- 2.28ng/g, 0.44 +/- 0.29ng/g, and 8.49 +/- 4.13ng/g, respectively. No honeybee colony that gathered pollen containing more than 23ng/g thiacloprid survived the 3-year project period. There was no statistically significant association between pesticide residues in the bee bread and the survival of the colonies. Actions already taken or planned and potential further actions to protect bees from exposure to pesticides are discussed.
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