Kinetic EDTA and citrate extractions were used to mimic metal mobilization in a soil contaminated by metallurgical fallout. Modeling of metal removal rates vs. time distinguished two metal pools: readily labile (QM1) and less labile (QM2). In citrate extractions, total extractability (QM1 + QM2) of Zn and Cd was proportionally higher than for Pb and Cu. Proportions of Pb and Cu extracted with EDTA were three times higher than when using citrate. We observed similar QM1/QM2 ratios for Zn and Cu regardless of the extractant, suggesting comparable binding energies to soil constituents. However, for Pb and Cd, more heterogeneous binding energies were hypothesized to explain different kinetic extraction behaviors. Proportions of citrate-labile metals were found consistent with their short-term, in-situ mobility assessed in the studied soil, i.e., metal amount released in the soil solution or extracted by cultivated plants. Kinetic EDTA extractions were hypothesized to be more predictive for long-term metal migration with depth.

Pollution of Lakes and Rivers provides essential insights into present-day water quality problems from an international perspective; explains simply and effectively how lake sediments can be used to reconstruct pollution history; includes over 200 additional references and a new chapter on recent climatic change and its effects on water quality and quantity; tackles present-day water quality problems from an international perspective.

Due to very high concentration of organic matter there is a great need for alternative solutions for drinking water disinfection in the world. Chlorine dioxide has been successfully used for almost 50 years for disinfection and later for taste removal, odor control, color reduction and oxidation of inorganic compounds such as iron and manganese. An advantage of using chlorine dioxide instead of chlorine is that it does not directly react with organic matter and form halogenated byproducts when it is used for disinfection. THMs, such as CHBr3, ChCl3 etc, are considered as most dangerous for people health. In this article we are to represent the results got from raw water disinfection treatment with chlorine dioxide.

Samples for phytoplankton investigations were collected in annual period (September 2003 - August 2004) in the Kotor and Risan Bay. Mean-values percentage contribution of the group diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) through the annnual period were from 79.70% to 86.50%. Species Skeletonema costatum, Pseudo-mitzschia delicatissima, Leptocylindrus minimus and Chaetoceros affinis, were the main edificators of diatom population. Densities of these species were from 10**5 to 10**6 cells/cubic dm. These values are characteristic of eutrophic and extreme eutrophic area. It is needed one permanent monitoring to protect this part of Boka Kotorska Bay negative consequences.

In Boka Kotorska Bay there are two recorded species of Copepoda from family Temoridae: Temora stylifera and Temora longicomis. This paper presents the data on horizontal distribution and abundance of these species during 2007. Temora stylifera has a wide horizontal distribution in coastal and open waters of Adriatic sea, while Temora longicomis is a typical representative of estuary-neritic waters of northern Adriatic, Kvarner area and the Italian coats at the west. Their abundance was particularly high in spring and summer.

Lake ecosystems determined by trophic conditions, accurately defined Ecological status of protected area. Trophic condition of water of Lake Skadar and two rivers, the inflow Moraca and the outflow Bojana was described via plankton data considering abundance of phytoplankton, seasonal dynamics of organotrophs, cyanobacteria, total coliforms, plankton biodegrading potential and nitrogen fixing bacterioplankton. The trophic potential for phytoplankton growth has been detected in late autumn throughout September-November 2004, contrary to early summer June-July 2005, and adverse growth of bacterioplankton in May, June and September 2005, respectively. The results of quantitative analysis of coliforms showed good relation of Lake Skadar and Ada Bojana, contrary to similarities between Moraca River and Ada Bojana estimates in accordance with the Pantle-Buck index. Nevertheless, investigation pointed out Lake Skadar beta-mesosaprobic level and moderate self-purification rate. In evaluating trophic conditions the good ecological potential of protected area has been proposed.

The paper deals with the essential of economic insurance within the whole economy procedure in the water management companies. As it is well known, the fundament of insurance is risk itself. The risk, by its appearance, power and intensity, has its impacts on processes, objects and activities in the water management. That is why is very important to know and apply knowledge, awareness and comprehension about risk management in the field of water management. Any sort of risks must be analyzed, planned, controlled, organized, prevented, repressed, averted and fixed in order to decrease detriments and disadvantages. The best way to preclude all predicted and unpredicted tribulations and costs is to go all-out for the rules of covenanted and unsolicited types of insurance. The paper also gives a brand - new approach to bypassing risks within management by the system of covenanted and unsolicited insurances.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) can be defined as: the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being made. Changes in the practice of Environmental Impact Assessment and advances in information technology have greatly expanded the range of tools available in the EIA. This paper describes some of the simplest techniques and methods for EIA.