In order to ensure adequate performance and warn of potential ground water contamination, land application systems must be monitored. The monitoring system for the Lake George Village Sewage Treatment Plant land application system is described, including suction Isyimeters, observation wells and tracer studies.

The aerobic and anaerobic degradation of phenol and selected chlorophenols was examined in a clay loam soil containing no added nutrients. A simple, efficient procedure based on the high solubility of these compounds in 95 per cent ethanol was developed for extracting phenol and chlorophenol residues from soil. Analysis of soil extracts with UV spectrophotometry showed that phenol, o-chlorophenol, p-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were rapidly degraded, while m-chlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol were degraded very slowly by microorganisms in aerobically-incubated soil at 23 deg C. Both 3,4,5-trichlorophenol and 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol appeared to be more resistant to degradation by aerobic soil microorgamisms at 23 deg C. None of the compounds examined were degraded by microorganisms in anaerobically-incubated soil at 23 deg C. Direct microscopic observation revealed that phenol and selected chlorophenols stimulated aerobic and to a lesser extent, anaerobic microbial growth in soil, and aerobic soil bacteria were responsible for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in aerobically-incubated soil at 23 deg C. Phenol, o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol, p-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol underwent rapid non-biological degradation in sterile silica sand. Non-biological decomposition contributed, perhaps substantially, to the removal of some chlorophenols from sterile aerobically-incubated soil and both sterile and non-sterile anaerobically-incubated soil

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of Kepone on the larval development of the mud-crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii, and the commercial blue-crab, Callinectes sapidus, from the time of hatching until the 1st crab stage was reached. Differential survival of R. harrisii from hatching to 1st crab stage occurred in a range of 35 to 125 ppb Kepone, whereas differential survival of C. sapidus over the same period of development occurred in a range of 0.1 to 1.0 ppb. Statistical analysis indicated that, for every 10 ppb Kepone added, duration from hatching to 1st crab stage of R. harrisii was increased by 0.391+/-0.043 days; whereas for each increase of 0.1 ppb, the duration from hatching to 1st crab stage of C. sapidus is prolonged by 0.38+/-0.10 days. The 1st and 2nd zoeal stages of R. harrisii were the most sensitive developmental stages to Kepone, but the 1st zoeal stage of C. sapidus was not sensitive, statistically, to any concentration of Kepone tested. In zoeal stages II, III and IV, there were significant increases in mortality of C. sapidus over the previous stage in all media tested.