En France, dans les Alpes-Maritimes, une recherche est menee pour connaitre l' impact eventuel de l' ozone sur l' endommagement foliaire repere ces dernieres annees sur peuplements de pins d' Alep, sylvestre et cembro. L' etude s' effectue dans le cadre d' un contrat franco-italien Interreg 2 et d' un programme Primequal. Cet article donne tout d' abord, les resultats pour l' ete 1999, interessant les niveaux de concentration d' ozone mesures depuis le littoral azureen jusqu' au massif du Mercantour au moyen d' analyseurs physico-chimiques et de capteurs passifs. La dose d' AOT 40 et la somme cumulee des concentrations horaires sont indiquees pour les periodes de mesure estivales. Les capteurs passifs se situent notamment parmi des placettes de suivi d' arbres. Afin d' apprehender l' impact de la pollution par l' ozone sur ces ecosystemes forestiers, des notations d' endommagement foliaire sont effectuees. Des correspondances sont recherchees entre les niveaux moyens d' ozone et les degres d' atteinte des trois principales essences suivies (pins d' Alep, sylvestre et cembro). Il semble y avoir une correlation entre augmentation des concentrations d' ozone et endommagement foliaire au moins en ce qui concerne les pins cembro.

National audience

International audience | Estimates of standing biomass and fluxes of biomass in a mixed-deciduous woodland were derived, and used with results for concentrations of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different compartments of the woodland system to quantitatively assess some of the key fluxes and burdens of PAHs in this complex system. We quantified PAH burdens in air, in leaves of three deciduous tree species, in leaf litter and in soil, and uptake of PAHs by the tree leaves; PAH fluxes in litterfall, and deposition to the litter layer on the woodland floor during winter were calculated from these data. Air burdens exhibited marked seasonal variations for all compounds, with lowest values in summer when combustion-related emissions were low. Leaves did not accumulate large burdens of PAHs while on the trees and consequently, litterfall-associated fluxes of PAHs were small, representing only a fraction of the burdens in the litter layer to which they were deposited. Higher PAH burdens in air in winter, combined with the organic-matter-rich nature of the litter layer, are thought to be responsible for fluxes of PAHs to the litter layer in winter being 20–170 times the peak litterfall fluxes. The soil compartment was calculated to contain 25 years' worth of deposition of benzo[ghi]perylene, the most recalcitrant PAH in this study. Storage quotients for fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[k]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene burdens in soil represented 7–10 years' worth of deposition, while fluorene and phenanthrene storage in soil approached unity with inputs (1 and 3 years' worth of deposition, respectively). The relative importance of storage and loss processes was therefore closely related to the physico-chemical properties of the PAH, and is discussed in relation to the cycling of carbon in the woodland.

One of the very dangerous pollution of environment are heavy metals. They are "indestructible" at the condition which leads at the environment. Pollution of heavy metals is irreversible process, except if they are physical removed from the environment which they are polluting. We determinated heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Co) in the mud of three fish ponds by means of sequential extraction, because of possible mobility in the mud and its concentration increase in the water. This method was selected because we wanted to determine distribution of heavy metals by substrates, and analyse was worked by the method of AAS. The results are showing that the concentration of all metals is in the extent of "natural phone" of lakes sediment.

Paper points the present water quality of the Moraca river (Montenegro, Yugoslavia), from rivermouth of Zeta to Skadarsko jezero lake. Hydrological analysis, level of water pollution are also presented, together with proposed water quality protection measures regarding the Yugoslav federal regulations for surface waters.

This paper points out the role and significance of civil engineering in dealing with the problems related to the water environment. Examples presented consider hydraulic structures and their impact on the aeration level in the watercourse. Aeration and reaeration have the most important effect on the oxygen water quality parameters and therefore on the entire living world in the particular ecosystem.

The last decade of 20th century in Serbia (Yugoslavia) was marked with economy recession, war surroundings, and finally bombing in the period March-June 1999. Global increment of environmental pollution was one of the catastrophic consequences. War actions caused destroying of big oil refineries and reservoirs, chemical complexes and industrial objects. Afterwards, toxic and carcinogenic substances reached out to atmosphere, soil and hydrographic system. Also, ammunition with depleted uranium was used. Heavy metals are very dangerous, so that, in this paper are presented results of investigation of heavy metals contents in surface soil layers. Heavy metals are movable, by erosion processes, with possibility of reaching hydrographic network and water supply systems. Investigation was carried out at a few localities: Fruska Gora, Ivanovo, Goc and Crni Vrh. Total contents of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Mn) was determined by AAS (atomic spectrophotometry), by usage "Varian-Spectra AA-10" apparatus.

Aerobic bioremediation of oil contaminated soil was investigated on laboratory-scale for purpose of pilot-plant installation. Mineral oil was analysed using IR spectroscopy. Sediment was qualitative analysed on GC/MS. Research also included microbiological analysis.