Urban trees, integral to urban environments, demonstrate intricate responses to atmospheric pollutants like particulate matter (PM), tropospheric ozone (O₃), and carbon dioxide (CO₂). Notably, O₃ induces oxidative stress in leaf tissues, while PM, consisting of fine airborne particles, interacts with urban trees through foliar deposition. This interaction is particularly interesting as tree canopies are highly effective filters, capturing and accumulating PM on their surfaces. The present study focused on silver birch, small-leaved lime, and Norway maple seedlings responses to elevated O₃ and CO₂). With and without PM. Maple seedlings exhibited the highest stem height increment, followed by lime and birch. Elevated O₃ and CO₂ without PM led to substantial height increments for lime and maple. Elevated O₃ and CO₂ without PM increased the total polyphenols in lime and maple leaves but decreased the content of total flavonoids in birch and lime leaves. Our findings underscore the adaptability of lime and maple seedlings to elevated O₃ and CO₂, positioning them as promising species for urban environments in the face of changing climates. Birch, while exhibiting biochemical changes, demonstrated less pronounced growth responses. This studyʼs insights into the intricate interactions between urban trees and multiple pollutants, particularly the species-specific responses, are of significant value for urban planning and environmental management.