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Typologie des élevages sédentaires en zone semi-aride: cas du Cameroun Full text
2016
Blama, Yakouba | Ziebe, Roland | Rigolot, Cyrille | Institut Supérieur du Sahel (ISS) ; University of Maroua (UMa) | Territoires (Territoires) ; AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]Crecimiento y desarrollo inicial de arbóreas nativas en un arreglo silvopastoril en La Guajira, Colombia | Growth and initial development of native trees in a silvopastoral arrangement in La Guajira, Colombia Full text
2022
Lombo Ortiz, Darwin Fabian | Arias Rojas, Jaime Andrés | Rivera Rojas, Milton | Caballero López, Adelina Rosa | Rúa Bustamante, Clara Viviana | Hernandez Martinez, Cristian Camilo
Crecimiento y desarrollo inicial de arbóreas nativas en un arreglo silvopastoril en La Guajira, Colombia | Growth and initial development of native trees in a silvopastoral arrangement in La Guajira, Colombia Full text
2022
Lombo Ortiz, Darwin Fabian | Arias Rojas, Jaime Andrés | Rivera Rojas, Milton | Caballero López, Adelina Rosa | Rúa Bustamante, Clara Viviana | Hernandez Martinez, Cristian Camilo
Se evaluó el crecimiento y desarrollo de cuatro especies arbóreas nativas en su etapa inicial de desarrollo establecidas en un arreglo silvopastoril para ramoneo de ovinos y caprinos en territorio de una comunidad indígena Wayuu ubicada en la zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Natural de Macuira en la GuajiraColombia. Se establecieron 3594 plántulas de cuatros especies diferentes en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones, para la evaluación de crecimiento se tomaron diez unidades experimentales por bloque. Se estimaron parámetros de crecimiento e índices de mortalidad y supervivencia. Se estimó un nivel de supervivencia para Guazuma ulmifolia y Pithecellobium dulce de 39% y 48 % respectivamente. Mientras, Caesalpinia coriaria yCordia alba registraron los mayores valores con 86 y 75%. C. alba mostro los índices de desarrollo más importantes respecto al conjunto de las especies con una altura de 39.75 + 11.90 cm y diámetro a la base del tallo de 9.81 + 3.68 mm. En cuanto al crecimiento periódico mensual en altura existe decrecimiento en altura para P dulce, esto responde a la muerte de la parte apical de algunos individuos debido a herviboría en el sitio de estudio. Igualmente se aprecia una tasa de mortalidad mensual considerablemente alta para las especies G. ulmifolia y P. dulce de 20.48 y 12.28 % respecto al conjunto de las especies, situación que reduce su vida media en 5.5 y 7.5 meses de persistir las condiciones actuales de manejo. Finalmente, las especies C. coriaria y C. alba presentan una mejor adaptación en su etapa inicial de desarrollo a las condiciones bióticas y abióticas de la zona en estudio y manejo actual del sistema silvopastoril.
Show more [+] Less [-]Evaluación del estado y revisión de técnicas de conservación de suelos pertenecientes a ecosistemas de bosque seco tropical. Full text
2022
Hernandez Bustos, Laura Camila | Acevedo Pabón, Paola Andrea | Cabeza Rojas, Iván Orlando | Universidad Santo Tomás
La degradación de los suelos en ecosistemas de bosque seco tropical (BST) hace que las dinámicas ambientales en los municipios de nuestro territorio como lo es El Espinal, Tolima tomen un enfoque más genérico a la hora de hablar sobre los usos, la conservación y la importancia que tienen a nivel local y nacional. Conocer el estado actual de los suelos en relación con el ecosistema de bosque seco tropical en el Espinal Tolima hizo que se lograra una investigación más efectiva a la hora de comparar y analizar la implementación de técnicas de recuperación como el biochar y el compostaje, describiendo cada una de estas enmiendas en función de la recuperación que se requiere en las muestras caracterizadas por el crecimiento de biomasa. Cada muestra se estudió en el laboratorio midiendo los parámetros físico-químicos como capacidad de retención de agua, nitrógeno total y materia orgánica. La finalidad de este estudio fue establecer una línea base mediante la comparación de suelos muestreados en una explotación agrícola de El Espinal (Tolima), con el objeto de identificar si los componentes del suelo necesitan ser restaurados con las técnicas mencionadas. Parte del estudio encontró que las principales características han sido la intervención agrícola, ganadera y asentamientos urbanos, generando cambios en su composición fisicoquímica, disminución de materia orgánica, entre otros. Al finalizar, se concluye que los parámetros no muestran mayor degradación (WHC >50%, MO < 1-5%, NTK >0,25%), sin embargo, por las condiciones del ecosistema, del clima, de las actividades agrícolas y demás, es necesario hacer seguimientos, ya que, la disminución de la fertilización inorgánica y su complementación mediante la incorporación de enmiendas orgánicas y biochar puede generar un efecto positivo en la búsqueda del equilibrio productivo entre los elementos que componen el suelo. | The degradation of soils in tropical dry forest ecosystems (BST) makes the environmental dynamics in the municipalities of our territory, such as El Espinal, Tolima, take a more generic approach when talking about the uses, conservation and importance they have at the local and national level. Knowing the current state of the soils in relation to the tropical dry forest ecosystem in Espinal Tolima led to more effective research in comparing and analyzing the implementation of recovery techniques such as biochar and composting, describing each of these amendments in terms of the recovery required in samples characterized by biomass growth. Each sample was studied in the laboratory by measuring physico-chemical parameters such as water retention capacity, total nitrogen and organic matter. The purpose of this study is to make a comparison of soils, which is done by means of a statistical analysis in order to recognize if the components of the soil need to be restored with the aforementioned techniques, as well as to highlight the importance of these techniques since they have been used as an invaluable resource within the framework of the Colombian soils. Part of the study found that the main characteristics have been agricultural intervention, livestock and urban settlements, generating changes in its physicochemical composition, decrease of organic matter, among others. At the end, it is concluded that the parameters do not show greater degradation (WHC >50%, MO < 1-5%, NTK >0. 25%), however, due to the conditions of the ecosystem, climate, agricultural activities and others, it is necessary to follow up, since the reduction of inorganic fertilization and its complementation through the incorporation of organic amendments and biochar can generate a positive effect in the search for a productive balance between the elements that make up the soil. | Ingeniero Ambiental | http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co | Pregrado
Show more [+] Less [-]Seasonal changes in chemical composition and in vitro gas production of six plants from Eastern Algerian arid regions Full text
2009
Haddi, Mlaid | Arab, H. | Yacoub, F. | Hornick, Jean-Luc | Rollin, Frédéric | Mehennaoui, S.
peer reviewed
Show more [+] Less [-]Effect of live weight at slaughter on the carcass characteristics of intensively fattened Martinik sheep fed sugar cane supplemented with pea flour. Full text
2008
Alexandre, Gisèle | Coppry, Ode | Bocage, Bruno | Fleury, Jérôme | Archimède, Harry | Unité de Recherches Zootechniques (URZ) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Plateforme Tropicale d'Expérimentation sur l'Animal (PTEA) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]The influence of pastoral activities on the diversity and potential grazing capacity of Stipa tenacissima L. rangelands in Algeria | Impact des pratiques pastorales sur la diversité et les potentialités fourragères des parcours à Stipa tenacissima L. en Algérie Full text
2024
R.F, Hammouda | Julien, L | Bouchareb, B. | Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene = University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB) | Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique d'Alger
International audience | The primary objective of this investigation was to examine the impact of postponed grazing on the floristic diversity and pastoral capacity of Stipa tenacissima L. rangelands, spanning from a reserved zone to an openly grazed rangeland along a transect. During the spring of 2021, field sampling was conducted along four transects intersecting in pairs, each approximately 8,000 meters in length, employing the quadrat point technique. The findings demonstrate notable impacts on all scrutinized characteristics, favoring the fully protected pathway distinguished by a vegetation cover of ≥ 80%, with annual species contributing up to 40% of the cover. Within the enclosed region, surface soil attributes exhibit a litter rate nearing 8% and minimal bare soil presence (<5%). Pastoral output surpasses 330 UF.ha-1.an-1, with an estimated potential stocking rate of 0.84 eq.ov.ha-1. | Le présent travail vise à étudier l'effet du report du pâturage sur la diversité floristique et les potentialités pastorales des parcours de Stipa tenacissima L., le long d’un transect allant d'une mise en défens vers un parcours à pâturage libre. Au printemps 2021, un échantillonnage a été effectué sur quatre transects croisés deux par deux d'une longueur moyenne de 8000 m selon la méthode des points quadrats. Les résultats obtenus révèlent des effets significatifs pour l’ensemble des attributs analysés en faveur du parcours de protection intégrale qui se caractérise par un recouvrement de la végétation ≥ 80 % et, où les espèces annuelles contribuent jusqu’à 40 % du couvert. Dans la zone en défens, les éléments de la surface du sol sont caractérisés par un taux de litière qui avoisine les 8 % et une faible présence de sol nu (<5%). La productivité pastorale est supérieure à 330 UF.ha-1.an-1et la capacité de charge potentielle est estimée à 0.84 eq.ov.ha-1.
Show more [+] Less [-]The PGF2α, a less costly and invasive means than progestogens to manipulate the sexual activity in out-breeding season of the “Ouled Djellal” Algerian ewes Full text
2018
Adnane, Maha | Miroud, Kamel | Hanzen, Christian | Kaidi, Rachid
peer reviewed | The sexual activity of 237 ewes of the most representative of Algerian sheep breeds (about 70%): the "Ouled Djellal", was studied during the anestrous season i.e. in spring (April 2016), in Constantine, a north-eastern Algerian province. A number of 50 ewes, chosen randomly from the flock, were subjected to a double injection of PGF2α at an 11 days’ interval and the 187 females remaining have served as a control group. 80% of the ewes treated started mating about 60 hours after the release, with the whole flock, of 14 rams that have been previously separated from the flock but not sensory isolated. A lambing percentage of 90 spread over 23 days and 98.9 spread over 47 days occurred respectively in the treated and control group. Both treated and untreated ewes with PGF2α exhibited estrus (April and May), got pregnant and lambed within a period of less than 2 months. The use of PGF2α, through the luteolysis it induces during spring: first confirms the results of previous studies reporting the ability of “Ouled Djellal” ewe to exhibit sexual activity throughout the year, second shortens considerably the laming period and last and more importantly can be substituted to the use of the progestogens impregnated sponges, far more invasive, time consuming and more costly, as a means to manipulate the female sexual activity.
Show more [+] Less [-]Effect of complementation of Setaria palidefusca and Imperata cylindrica with Adenodolichos rhomboideus, Stylosanthes guianensis or Leucaena leucocephala on growth of local goat at Lubumbashi Full text
2015
Muamba, Innocent Tshibangu | Mangueye, Honoré Kiatoko | Hornick, Jean-Luc
peer reviewed | The feeding of ruminants in the Democratic Republic of Congo is based on the use of natural vegetation. This vegetation is characterised by grasses and rarely legumes. In addition to this, the lack of legumes in the southern part of the country means that the dry season becomes longer (over 6 months). This leads farmers with the financial means, to use commercial foods, most of which are imported. Grasses which form the basis of forage remain as straws in the dry season. They have a digestibility of less than 45%, and are very low in nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as other minerals, which further limits their feed intake (Chenost and Kayouli 1997; Jarrige 1987). The use of locally available protein banks to supplement poor foods is therefore essential. In the same region, soils are increasingly contaminated with heavy metals from mining activities. The choice of sustainable and high protein plant species should be dictated by their adaptation to environmental conditions, including high levels of heavy metals in soil. They must also be adapted to the long dry season and provide fodder throughout the year. Among the species encountered, Adenodolichos rhomboideus is the most resistant to drought and is widespread in the region (INEAC 1954). It grows on normal soil or that contaminated by heavy metals (Faucon 2009; Meerts 2008 and Tshibangu et al 2014c). Two other species, Leucaena leucocephala and Stylosanthes guianensis are durable and are used in ruminant diets, but are neither widespread nor adapted to the contaminated soil Tshibangu et al 2014ab. The objective of this study was to compare the use of A. rhomboideus, L. leucocephala and S. guianensis forage as a complement to grass hay on the growth of local goats at Lubumbashi.
Show more [+] Less [-]Goat breeding in Lubumbashi (DRC): 1. Principal component analysis of linear measurements of local population Full text
2015
Kalenga, H.K. | Vandeput, S. | Antoine-Moussiaux, Nicolas | Moula, Nassim | Kashala, J.-C.K. | Farnir, Frédéric | Leroy, Pascal
peer reviewed
Show more [+] Less [-]From taboo to commodity: history and current situation of cavy culture in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Full text
2014
Maass, Brigitte | Metre, Thierry K. | Tsongo, F | Mugisho, AB | Kampemba, FM | Ayagirwe, RBB | Azine, PC | Bindelle, Jérôme | Chiuri, WL
peer reviewed | For the first time, the status of cavy culture in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is reviewed with emphasis on Sud-Kivu province. Cavy culture, as discussed in this paper, is the raising, production and utilization of the domestic cavy (i.e., Guinea pig, Cavia porcellus) for consumption. Many sources were used in the review, but published scientific research literature is extremely scarce. Nevertheless, it can be estimated that more than 2 million cavies are kept in DRC, contributing significantly to nutrition security, especially animal protein, and income generation of some hundreds of thousands of poor rural and urban households. The largest cavy populations are in the Kivu provinces, which is probably partly due to the inclusion of cavies in ‘rehabilitation kits’ of humanitarian NGOs and in the agricultural portfolio of development agencies who seek to address the challenges of widespread hunger and malnutrition in the area. The review covers the history of cavy culture in Sud-Kivu since colonial times based on oral tradition; it describes the current ‘cavy status’ in the country and identifies research and capacity building needs. We suggest that cavy culture in DRC is likely to become more widespread and important due to the activities of a new project on ‘Harnessing husbandry of domestic cavy for alternative and rapid access to food and income in Cameroon and the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo’. Given the dimension, cavies should be included in livestock census as well as research and development agenda, honoring their role in the livelihoods of less endowed people, especially women.
Show more [+] Less [-]Comparaison des caractéristiques de production de la pintade locale (Meleagris numida) en station et dans le milieu villageois en zone soudano-guinéenne du Bénin | Comparison of local Guinea fowl (Meleagris numida) production characteristics in experimental station and rural area in soudano-guinean zone of Bénin Full text
2008
Dahouda, Mahamadou | Sènou, Marcel | Toleba, Soumanou Seibou | Boko, Cyrille Kadoito | Adandédjan, Jean-Claude | Hornick, Jean-Luc
peer reviewed | A survey on the production characteristics of guinea fowl (Meleagris numida) was carried out in the Borgou department located in the soudano-guinean zone North-Est of Benin. Chicks and reproductive groups were kept either on station under improved management conditions or in rural environment. In rural environment, the birds were divided in two groups. The birds pertaining to the first group were treated against parasitic diseases, whereas those in the second one (control group) received no treatment. Under station conditions, the feed conversion ratio and the daily weight gain were 8.8 and 5.7 g/day respectively. Mean body weight at six months of age were 1151g and 1085g for males and females, respectively. Sexual maturity was reached at 36 weeks of age. For mature hens kept on station, laying rate and the mean egg weight were 37.2% (65% at the peak) and 41.1g respectively. Smothering, stress and pricking were the major constraints to the cloistering of guinea fowl. In rural environment, the mean hatchability rate was 70%. Mortality rate and adult body weight were not significantly different between groups. Mortality rate observed in the rural environment was 50% for both treated or untreated birds. Apart from the parasitic affections, the main causes of mortality were the rain, the predators, the cold and the fragility of chicks. The mean body weight at six months of age is higher for the birds raised under village conditions in comparison to the birds kept on station.
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