Yeast cells are carriers with great potential for encapsulation of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds, due to protection from external environmental influences, controlled release, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The promising research results on the encapsulation of bioactive substances in the recent past promise a bright future in many fields such as agriculture, medicine and cosmetics, including functional food. The significant decrease in the stability of many bioactive compounds due to environmental conditions (heat, humidity, oxygen, etc.) has revealed the necessity of preserving the stability of these types of compounds by encapsulation process. After the recognition of yeast cells as suitable carriers for water-soluble flavor encapsulation, the possibilities of using various yeasts, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in the encapsulation of various oils, vitamins, flavors and some phenolic compounds have been the subject of various scientific studies. The fact that the encapsulation process using yeast cells offers some advantages compared to other encapsulation methods has made the use of yeast cells in the encapsulation process very popular and there has been an increase in studies conducted in recent years. In this study, various scientific studies on the possibilities and effectiveness of the use of yeast cells in the encapsulation of various structures, especially various bioactive compounds, have been reviewed.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oak chips-supplementations on phenolic compound profiles of grape vinegar samples. Total acidity, volatile acids, non-volatile acids, pH, dry extract, ash, color, alcohol, total phenolic compound, individual phenolic compounds and aroma compounds of un supplemented control (UC) samples and oak chips-supplemented (OCS) samples were analyzed at the 0th, 1st and 3rd months of ageing. Total phenolic compound of UC vinegar samples was measured as 1256.50 mg GAE/L at the end of the 3rd month. Total phenolic compound of OCS vinegar samples was measured as 1521.03 mg GAE/L at the end of the 1st month and as 1470.67 mg GAE/L at the end of the 3rd month. Gallic acid, catechin and vanillic acid contents of UC vinegar samples were respectively measured as 8.43 mg/L, 22.26 mg/L and 1.78 mg/L at the end of the 3rd month. Gallic acid, catechin and vanillic acid contents of OCS vinegar samples were respectively measured as 19.12 mg/L, 17.98 mg/L and 2.58 mg/L at the end of the 3rd month. The 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester and 9-octadecanoic acid methyl ester quantities increased at the end of the 3rd month with oak chips-supplementation to ageing process. It was observed that oak chips-supplementation increased total phenolic compound and some individual phenolics of grape vinegar samples.

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin Adana ili Çukurova Üniversitesi kampüsünden toplanan Suillus collinitus (Fr.)’un aroma bileşenleri Tepe Boşluğu Katı Faz Mikro Ekstraksiyon Gaz Kromatografisi Kütle Spektrofotometresi (Headspace Solid-Phase Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, HS/SPME/GC/MS) tekniği ile ve 40 ve 70°C olmak üzere iki farklı ekstraksiyon sıcaklık uygulamalarının denenmesi ile belirlenmiştir. Aroma çalışmalarından önce, toplanan mantar örnekleri morfotaksonomik karakterizasyonun yanı sıra, ITS rDNA gen bölgesinin dizi analizleri ile moleküler olarak da tanımlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; 1-octen-3-ol, 3-hexen-1-ol, 2-octene, xylene, butylacetate ve benzaldehyde ana bileşenleri, 40 ve 70°C sıcaklıklarda sırasıyla %75,71-%83,14, %5,59-%6,14, %3,64-%3,99, %3,21-3.53, %2,69-%2,96, %2,36-%2,59 oranlarında tespit edilmiştir. Farklı ekstraksiyon sıcaklıkları denemelerinde ise, 40°C’de 19 bileşik belirlenirken, 70°C’de 16 aromatik bileşik tespit edilmiştir.

Zeytinyağı, zeytin meyvesinden mekanik olarak elde edilen ve rafine edilmeden tüketilebilen en önemli bitkisel yağlardan biridir. Zeytinyağı, insan sağlığına faydalı olduğu bilinen yüksek oranda doymamış yağ asitleri ve antioksidan bileşikler içerir. Yeni üretilen zeytinyağı, zeytin posası parçacıkları ve sudan kaynaklanan mikro damlacıklar nedeniyle bulanık görünüme sahiptir. Bulanık görünüme neden olan katı partiküller ve su, bazı mikroorganizmaların canlılığını koruyabileceği bir ortam yaratır. Mikroorganizmaların bazıları zeytinyağının fiziko-kimyasal ve duyusal özelliklerini, yüksek enzimatik aktiviteleri sayesinde iyileştirirken, bazıları da zeytinyağının kalitesini bozar. Zeytinyağındaki mikroorganizma çeşitliliği, zeytin çeşidi, hasat yöntemi, işleme tekniği, depolama koşulları ve depolama süresi gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak değişebilir. Bu çalışmada zeytinyağında bulunan mikroorganizmalar ve bunların zeytinyağı kalitesine etkileri derlenmeye çalışılmıştır.