Türkiye’de tütün üretiminde oldukça yüksek genetik çeşitlilik içeren popülasyonlar, yerel çeşitler ve ekotipler kullanılmaktadır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de oryantal tütün üretilen alanlarda kullanılan tütün genotipleri içerisindeki genetik çeşitliliğin tespit edilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Tütün üretim alanlarında morfolojik farklılıkları nedeniyle seçilen 340 tütün genotipi yabancı tozlanmasını engellemek amacıyla izole edilmiş ve böylece kendilenmiştir. Genetik olarak farklı olan 259 genotip tarla denemelerine alınmıştır. İzmir tipi, Basma tipi ve Samsun tipi olmak üzere üç grupta ele alınan bölge tütünlerinin morfolojik ve fenolojik özellikleri UPOV rehberine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Yaygın özellikler bakımından ana sap uzunluğu ortaca-uzun, yaprak sayısı orta-fazla, bitki şekli eliptik, ana gövde rengi açık yeşil, sürgün oluşturma kabiliyeti yok veya çok zayıf, yaprak tipi yapışıktır. Aya uzunluğu ve genişliği orta, yaşmak eni dar-orta, aya şekli geniş eliptik ve yaprak ucu şekli çok az-orta sivriliktedir. Aya kabarcıklığı ve ondülelik zayıfça-zayıftır. Çiçeklenme geç-çok, geçci, taç yaprak rengi açık pembe, orta sıklıkta küresel çiçek kümesi şekli yaygındır. İncelenen tütün genotiplerinde karakterler bakımından varyasyonların yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. İzmir tipi tütünlerin bitki boyu ile yaprak büyüklüğünün diğer tiplere göre daha küçük olduğu belirlenmiştir. İzmir tipi tütünler aynı zamanda yaprak sayısı çok, olgunlaşma süresi geççi, yapraklarının düz ve yaprak uç açılarının ise yuvarlak olduğu belirlenmiştir. Farklı özellikleri ile öne çıkan hatlarla, gelecekte planlanan ıslah çalışmaları için önemli bir veri tabanı oluşturulmuştur.

Oat is an important cereal used as human food, animal feed and medicinal plant. This study was conducted to determined yield and some physical quality characteristics of 22 oat genotypes in Turkey in rainfall and supplemented irrigation conditions during 2016-2017 growing season at Yozgat/Yerköy, Turkey. Experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications. In the trials, plant height, panicle length, grain yield, biological yield, thousand grain weight, hectoliter weight and groat percentage were investigated. İn non-irrigated conditions, plant height, panicle length, grain yield, biological yield, thousand grain weight, hectolitre weight and groat percentage were between 54.2-86.2 cm, 14.1-23.3 cm, 116.9-288.1 kg da-1, 593.1-938.9 kg da-1, 24.1- 38.5 g, 40.4-48.4 kg and 63.5-73.6% whereas in supplemented irrigation conditions, plant height, panicle length, grain yield, biological yield, thousand grain weight, hectolitre weight and groat percentage were 65.0-98.7 cm, 15.3-25.7 cm, 226.1-439.6 kg da-1, 979.2-1381.9 kg da-1, 24.2-39.3 g, 43.5-51.0 kg and 62.5-73.0%, respectively. Supplemented irrigation application increased both grain yield and biological yield approximately 1.5 times compared to application based on rainfall. Genotypes G9, G10, G12, G13, G14, G17, G18, G21 and G22 had the highest grain yield in experiments irrigated with both rainfall and supplemented irrigation.

Increased consumer interest in poultry meat produced in different production systems necessitates more detailed examination and comparison of chicken meat characteristics. Factors such as habit, reliability, product characteristics, animal welfare and sensitivity to environmental problems affect consumers’ preference to these products. Researches report that production systems and genotypes can be effective on protein, fat, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, tenderness, juiciness, color and flavor. It was investigated that the effects of production systems and genotype on some chemical, physical and sensory characteristics of chicken meat in this review.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of two different cage systems (enriched and conventional) and low and high stocking densities on performance, egg quality and egg shell microorganisms. In study, two different genotypes were used to native (Atak-S) and foreign (Lohmann) hens occurred of 864 hens used. As the cage system, the battery type was used in the conventional system and the enriched cage type was used in the alternative system. The results indicated that genotype and cage system significantly affected egg production and egg mass in the laying period (18-76 weeks). It was determined that Lohmann genotype and conventional cages had significantly higher egg production and egg mass in this period. It was seen that hens consumed significantly higher feed in enriched cages than in conventional cages, and were significantly better feed conversion ratio in low stocking density compared to high stocking density. The effects of genotype and cages system on the quality characteristics of eggs were found to be significant, and it was determined quality characteristics of Lohmann eggs were better (especially eggshell quality. In addition, it was understood that the internal quality of the eggs in the conventional cages and the external quality characteristics of the eggs in the enriched system were positively affected. The total numbers of microorganisms were determined to be higher on shell of eggs from enriched cages than conventional cages. The total numbers of microorganisms were higher in enriched cage eggs compared to conventional cage eggs. However, stocking density was not a significant effect on the microbial load of the eggshell.

In this study, the responses of 20 different bean genotypes (13 pole and 7 dwarf) to salt (NaCl) stress at 0 mM, 25 mM and 50 mM were investigated. Salt application was performed together with irrigation water in the same time every day during 4 days. In the study, which was prepared according to randomized plot design with 3 replications, the plants were grown in the pots containing peat-perlite in a ratio of 2:1 under climatic conditions of 23±2°C. Root dry matter, root fresh and dry weight and some nutrient contents (Phosphorus-P, Copper-Cu, Zinc-Zn, Manganese-Mn, Iron-Fe and Magnesium-Mg) were investigated in order to determine salinity tolerance in bean genotypes. The data obtained from the study revealed that salt stress responds differently in both genotypes and applications. When the average of applications of 25 mM and 50 mM salt stress was examined, it was found that while root fresh and dry weight, root dry matter (%) and Fe content increased compared to control group, Mn and P content decreased. Among the genotypes exposed to salt stress, while four genotypes [two pole (numbered as 13 and 19) and two dwarf (numbered as 8 and 11)] were determined to be tolerant to salt, 3 genotypes [one pole (numbered as 14) and two dwarf (numbered as 18 and 20)] were evaluated as sensitive.

This study was conducted to collect, preserve and identify local oat genotypes grown in the Central and Western Black Sea region. Within the scope of the research, 251 local oat genotypes were collected from the places where they were cultivated in Düzce, Bolu, Zonguldak, Karabük, Kastamonu, Ordu, Sinop, Samsun, Amasya and Tokat provinces. The collected genotypes together with 4 standard oat varieties were taken into field trial in Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Agriculture Research and Application field according to Augmented trial design in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. As a result of the study, it was found that there were significant variations in terms of the parameters examined. Among the genotypes, the growth pattern of the 229 genotypes was perpendicular, The cluster genotypes of 163 genotypes were scattered, 132 genotypes were yellow in color, 157 genotypes were strongly stringy and 154 genotypes had callus hairiness. When the Matrix table was examined, it was found that the local genotypes with semi-horizontal growth pattern were not found in Amasya, Karabük, Kastamonu, Samsun and Tokat locations. In particular, parameters such as growth type, cluster type, color of husk, awn condition and callus hairiness. it provides ease of identification, since it does not affect the environmental conditions. In the light of this information, it is thought that the genetic variation is high in terms of ecology in which local genotypes are collected and will be beneficial for the protection of our genetic resources and for the future of national agriculture.

Bu çalışma, 2016 yılında on farklı bezelye genotipinin (Pisum elatius L.(erkenci ve doğal vejetasyon kökenli), Utrillo, Bolero, Reyna, Nihal, Jof, Karina, Pisum elatius L.(doğal vejetasyon kökenli), Senador, Pisum sativum L. (doğal vejetasyon kökenli)) fenolojik özellikleri, verim ve verim bileşenlerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak Bayburt üniversitesi Aydıntepe Meslek Yüksekokulu deneme alanında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bitki boyu, gövde kalınlığı, dal sayısı, ilk bakla yüksekliği, bakla boyu, bakla eni, bitkide bakla sayısı, baklada tane sayısı, 1000 tane ağırlığı ve tane verimi özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre en düşük tane verimi değeri 61 kg/da ile doğal vejetasyondan toplanan Pisum elatius L.’populasyonundan alınırken, en yüksek verim değeri ise 138 kg/da ile Reyna çeşidinden elde edilmiştir.

Improvement studies are conduct to increasing of productivity native sheep breeds. This studies requires being quite comprehensive and disciplined. Improvement studies to achieve the desired characteristics and in which phase of finish is crucial. In this review, we focus on obtaining and fixing type in order to need to be implemented methods in sheep and goats.

In this study, it was aimed to demonstrate the effect of humic acid applications on some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of eggplant genotypes (Burdur Merkez, Burdur Bucak, Kemer and Giresun) irrigated with the irrigation water with a high content of heavy metal and determined previously salt tolerance levels. In studies conducted in controlled greenhouse conditions, eggplant seeds germinated in the growth substrate a mixture of peat and perlite and the seedlings were transplanted into pots at 20 days after sowing. Plants when they are 4-5 true leaves, 3 different humic acid levels (0, 500, 1000 ppm) have been applied and 7 days later after this application began to be watered with 3 different irrigation water comprising a mixture of various doses of heavy metals (control: 0 ppm; I. Mixture: 0.2 ppm 5 ppm to 0.01 ppm Cd + Cu + Pb + 2 ppm Zn, II. mixture: +0.02 ppm 0.4 ppm Cu 10 ppm Pb + Cd + 4 ppm Zn). Field capacity level for the plants 40 days after quenched with water after which time they were harvested and samples for analysis were performed. In the study plants were investigated for shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight, shoot and root length, leaf area, chlorophyll and MDA level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) enzyme activities All genotypes are adversely affected by heavy metal applications. In parallel to increase the dose, heavy metal mixtures led to a reduction in values of fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, stem and root length, leaf area of eggplant genotypes. MDA and antioxidative enzyme activities increased in plants irrigated with water containing a mixture of heavy metal. Humic acid applications had a positive effect on reducing of the limiting effect of heavy metal stress on growth and development. As a result, compared to sensitive genotypes Giresun and Kemer, salt tolerant genotypes Burdur Merkez and Burdur Bucak showed much better resistance to abiotic stress factor which consists of heavy metal applications. The obtained results; formed also an opinion about that plants evolved similar strategies for resistance to abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought and heavy metal stress.

Basma tipi tütünler sigara harmanlarında kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırma Tokat-Kazova şartlarında Türkiye Tohum Gen Bankasından (TGB) alınan üstün özellikli bazı basma tipi tütün hatlarının performanslarının belirlenmesi amacıyla iki yıl (2021 ve 2022) süreyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada 10 basma tipi tütün hattı (TGB46668, TGB46673, TGB46674, TGB46675, TGB46721, TGB46722, TGB46723, TGB46724, TGB46730 ve TGB46743) ve iki standart tütün çeşidi (Erbasma ve Xanthi-81) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada; bitki boyu, yaprak sayısı, yaprak eni, yaprak boyu, kuru yaprak verimi, nikotin oranı, indirgen şeker oranı ve randıman parametreleri incelenmiştir. İncelenen parametreler arasındaki farkların tamamı istatistiki olarak önemli (p<0.01) bulunmuştur. Ayrıca incelenen hatlar başta kuru yaprak verimi olmak üzere pek çok parametre bakımından standart çeşitlerden daha yüksek performans göstermiştir. Kuru yaprak verimi bakımından TGB46668 (223,85 kg/da), TGB46722 (219,79 kg/da), TGB46721 (213,01 kg/da) ve TGB46730 (211,7 kg/da) hatları öne çıkmıştır. Randıman değerlerine göre ise TGB46743 (%55,47), TGB46675 (%54,96) ve TGB46721 (%53,59) hatlarının daha kaliteli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. TGB46721 hattının verim ve kalite bakımından basma üretim alanlarında kendine yer bulabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca incelenen hatlar yeni çeşit geliştirmeye yönelik ıslah programlarında ebeveyn olarak kullanılabilecektir.