Kaz yetiştiriciliğinde verimli ve karlı bir üretimin yapılabilmesi ancak sağlıklı sürülerin olması ile mümkündür. Her ne kadar kanatlı hayvanlar içerisinde hastalıklardan en az etkilenen tür kazlar olmasına rağmen, kazlarda ciddi kayıplara neden olan birçok bakteriyel, viral, paraziter ve mantar hastalıkları bulunmaktadır. Diğer kanatlılarda olduğu gibi kaz yetiştiriciliğinde de hastalığın tedavisi, korunmadan daha pahalıdır. Bu nedenle hastalıkların çıkmasını ve yayılmasını en aza indirmek, hastalıkların tedavisinde tasarruf sağlamak, sürü sağlığını iyileştirip-geliştirmek, hayvan ölümlerini en aza indirmek ve işletme karlılığını artırmak için biyogüvenlik prosedürlerinin uygulanması gerekmektedir. Bu biyogüvenlik prosedürleri ise rutin ve yüksek riskli olmak üzere iki şekilde yapılabilir. Rutin biyogüvenlik prosedürleri hastalık etkenlerinin işletmeye girişinin engel olunması, etkili hijyen ve sanitasyon programının uygulanması, yeterli bağışıklığın oluşturulması için etkili aşı programlarının olması, kalifiye personel ile çalışılması, sürü yönetim programının düzgün olması ile denetim ve kontrolün iyi bir şekilde yapılması ile mümkündür. Yüksek riskli biyogüvenlik prosedürleri ise şüpheli ve salgın bir hayvan hastalığı durumunda planlı ve programlı bir şekilde yapılması gereken uygulamalardır. Sonuç olarak kaz yetiştiriciliğinde biyogüvenlik prosedürleri etkili ve disiplinli bir şekilde yerine getirilirse, sağlıklı sürüler ve daha fazla kârlılık elde edileceği unutulmamalıdır.

Milking parlours are concrete constructions where milk is milked from cows, stored and transferred. These create the last stage of the work flow chart in dairy cattle farms. Quality of milk is important in the production of milk and dairy products owing to the fact that milk is one of the basic food requirements of people. The quality of milk depends on the genetic conditions of the cows as well as their well-being, the appropriate level of care and environmental conditions and milk being obtained in a clean environment which isolated from negative external factors. Milking parlours should be planned under a separate roof from the dairy cattle barns in order to ensure hygiene conditions, facilitate the work flow and reduce the negative effects on the health of cows and people. However, not including very large enterprises, it is planned as an add-on to other items under the same roof with the dairy cattle barn due to reasons such as decreasing the cost in the small, medium and majority of large-scale enterprises and the society does not care about hygiene conditions. Production in this wise is not appropriate to ensure the requirements about hygiene conditions in the production of milk and dairy products, since the milking parlours are directly under the environmental conditions of the barn. In this paper, it is explained the criteria to be considered in the process to plan and design milking parlour and it is aimed the generalization of milking parlour be built as a construction separate from the dairy barn, with an exemplary milking parlour project with 2×12 fishbone milking system.

The research was carried out in a 3-floor cage system in the research farm of Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University. 6 chickens were placed in each cage compartment and 5 repetitions were created on each floor. Existing eggs were collected at 9:00 - 13:00 and 16:00 from a total of 90 Atak-S chickens between 24-42 weeks. A total of 1442 eggs were obtained from 90 chickens. To determine the relationship between cage position and laying time, correspondence analysis was applied. SPSS package program was used to analyze the data. According to the results, it was found statistically significant that chickens on different floors lay eggs at different times. According to the results of the correspondence analysis, the first dimension explanation power was 99.7% and the explanation power in the second dimension was 0.3%. When the inertia in terms of lattice layers in the first dimension was examined, it was determined that the explanation power of the first floor was 65.4%, and in the second dimension, the explanation power of the second (56.9%) and third floor (41.8%) was higher. When the variability in terms of egg collection hours in the first dimension was examined, it was determined that the explanatory power for egg collection at 13:00 was 52.8%, and in the second dimension, it was 79.6% for the egg collection at 16:00. As a result, it was determined that the chickens on the first floor lay eggs between 9:00 am and the chickens on the 2nd and 3rd floor between 13:00 and 16:00. Although the eggs vary depending on the ambient temperature, it is known that they are usually collected in the morning hours by the producers. Therefore, it is important to rearrange the frequency of egg collection both economically and in terms of consumer health.