Anthocyanins, a major natural food colorant rich in mango powder, need considerable protection during processing and storage for better retention due to colour instability. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the stability of the anthocyanin’s extracts obtained from cabinet dried mango powder under different factors which could disrupted the anthocyanin pigments during processing. The factors are processing temperature and time (30°C, 60°C and 80°C for 10, 20 and 30 minutes each, respectively), storage conditions (room temperature, refrigerator temperature and freezing temperature), pH (2, 3, 4, 7 and 10), oxygen, influence of light, different extraction solvent (methanol, absolute ethanol, acidified ethanol (1%), and 50% KMS -Ethanol), sugar level (20%, 40%, and 60%). The intensity of the extracted colour was measured at wavelength 520 nm using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results can elucidate the increasing heating temperature and time, sugar content, and exposure to light is able to spoil the anthocyanin molecule. There was a proportional effect of pH and oxygen. The anthocyanin stability was found better in pH=10, acidified ethanol (1%) as extracting solvents, absence of light as processing condition and refrigeration temperature as storage temperature. Hence, these findings could be useful in the food industry to choose a proper processing condition for development of mango powders-based products for satisfying the consumer perception by retaining anthocyanin pigment.

Cattleya mendelii es una orquídea endémica de Colombia de gran valor ornamental que se encuentra en peligro de extinción a causa de la recolección masiva y a la destrucción de sus hábitats naturales por la acción antrópica. El cultivo in vitro es una alternativa para la conservación de esta especie o su comercialización. En esta investigación se evaluaron la germinación asimbiótica y el desarrollo de plántulas de las semillas de orquídeas de la especie C. mendelii, en diferentes medios de cultivos in vitro. Inicialmente se recolectaron cápsulas maduras; posteriormente, se determinó la viabilidad de las semillas con la prueba de Tetrazolio. En forma paralela, las semillas se desinfectaron y sembraron con el método de jeringuilla para evaluar el efecto de cinco medios de cultivo en el desarrollo de C. mendelii después de dieciséis semanas de cultivo. Se encontró que la viabilidad de las semillas fue del 93%. El mejor porcentaje de germinación se halló en el medio de cultivo Murashige-Skoog más agua de coco (MS + AC) con diferencias significativas (P < 0.05, Tukey) con respecto a los demás medios de cultivo. En este estudio se demostró que los medios de cultivos MS suplementados con agua de coco y jugo de piña fueron más eficientes en la germinación asimbiótica y en el desarrollo de plántulas en la orquídea C. mendelii con respecto a los otros medios de cultivo, lo cual los convierte en una opción en la reducción de los costos generados por la utilización de las fitohormonas. | Cattleya mendelii is an endemic orchid species from Colombia, which has a great ornamental value which is in danger of extinction due to massive collection and their natural habitat's destruction by human activities. In vitro culture is an alternative to preserve this species and/or carry out its marketing. In this study the asymbiotic germination and seedling development of seeds of C. mendelii, in several in vitro culture media were evaluated. Mature capsules were collected. Seed viability with tetrazolium test was done; seeds were disinfected at the same time and planted by the syringe method to evaluate the effect of five growth culture media on the development of C. mendelii after 16 weeks of cultivation. It was found that seed viability was 93%, the highest percentage of germination was found in the culture medium Murashige-Skoog plus coconut water (MS+AC) with significant differences compared to other culture media (P < 0.05, Tukey). This study showed that MS medium supplemented with coconut water and pineapple juice, were more efficient in asymbiotic germination and seedling development of C. mendelii orchids compared with other culture media. It could be an option to reduce the costs generated by using phytohormones.