The study aimed to investigate some morphometric traits, length-weight relationship, meat yield, fecundity and some biochemical compositions of Astacus leptodactylus, in one of the Bafra Fish Lakes named Ulugöl, Samsun, Turkey. A total of 378 A. leptodactylus (198 female and 180 male) were examined. The average carapace length was 50.96±0.46 mm for females, 51.31±0.66 mm for males and 51.13±0.40 mm for all sampled crayfish. Abdomen length was 52.36±0.49 mm for females, 49.26±0.62 mm for males and 50.87±0.40 mm for all sampled crayfish. Live weight was between 14.38 g and 105.03 g with an average of 38.26±0.73 g. The average weight of females was less than that of males. There was a strong relationship between length and weight. The weight of crayfish with pleopodal eggs ranged from 28.24 g, to 59.50 g with an average of 41.73±1.09g. The average number of eggs per individuals was 192.90±9.94 with an average number of 4.62±0.21 per unit of live weight. The average total egg weight was 3.35±0.19 g while the average egg diameter was 2.17±0.03 mm. Abdomen meat was lower for males comparing with females. Average moisture, crude ash, crude oil and crude protein of abdomen meat were 81.27%, 1.47%, 0.81% and 16.45%, respectively.

Uzaktan algılama (UA) birçok farklı alanda kullanıldığı gibi tarımda da etkin bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. UA tekniklerinden faydalanarak tarım alanlarında verim, bitki su tüketimi, bitki büyüme ve gelişme gibi özelliklerin tahmin edilmesi için geliştirilmiş birçok matematiksel model vardır. Bu çalışmada modellerden Normalize Edilmiş Vejetasyon Değişim İndeksi (NDVI) ve Toprak Yansımalarını Dikkate Alan Vejetasyon İndeksi (SAVI)’den yararlanılmıştır. NDVI ve SAVI uydu görüntülerinin yakın kızılötesi (NIR) ve kırmızı (RED) ışık dalga boyundaki bantlar kullanılarak hesaplanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında 2018 ve 2019 yılına ait LANDSAT 8 uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak Tarım İşletme Genel Müdürlüğüne ait Sultansuyu Tarım İşletme Müdürlüğü’nün Yeniköy mevkiinde bulunan dairesel hareketli yağmurlama sulama (Center Pivot) sistemleri ile sulanan silajlık mısır üretim alanlarındaki değişim bitki gelişme dönemi boyunca analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda uydu görüntülerinden elde edilen NDVI ve SAVI haritaları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen haritalardan ekimden hasada kadar geçen süre için bitki gelişim değişmeleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre silajlık mısır bitkisinde bitki büyüme ve gelişmesi uydu görüntülerinin NIR ve RED bantları kullanılarak elde edilen NDVI ve SAVI bitki parametreleri ile takip edilebileceği belirlenmiştir.

Çevre duyarlılığı; bireylerin çevreye olan sorumluluklarının bilincinde olması ve bu sorumlulukları yerine getirme yeteneğidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kahramanmaraş ilinde yaşayan tüketicilerin çevre duyarlılığının ve çevre duyarlılığının çevreci satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın ana materyalini 2020 yılı ocak ve şubat aylarında Kahramanmaraş ili kent merkezinde yaşayan 384 tüketici ile yüz yüze yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik ve ki-kare testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda tüketicilerin %89,1’inin çevreye karşı duyarlı olduğunu kabul ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Ki-kare testi sonucunda kadınların, eğitim seviyesi daha yüksek olanların, çekirdek ailelerin çevreye karşı duyarlılığı istatistiksel olarak daha yüksektir. Daha az kirlenmeye neden olan ürünleri satın alan tüketicilerin %93,4’ünün, çevre dostu ürünlere diğer ürünlere ödenenden daha fazla para ödemeye razı olan tüketicilerin ise %95,7’sinin çevreye duyarlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Konu ile ilgili paydaşlara bir kaynak niteliği taşıyacak bu çalışma ile tüketicilerin çevre duyarlılığının artırılması, tüketicilerin çevreci ürünlere olan farkındalıklarının artırılması ve çevrenin korunmasına katkı sağlamak hedeflenmektedir.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) and LED light on improving postharvest quality of 0900 Ziraat cherry fruits. In the present study, UV-B treated to cherry fruits 10, 20, and 40 min, and then stored dark conditions. On the other hand, the blue (M), red (KR) and ultraviolet-A (UVA) LED light had applied to fruit during storage, continuously. Fruits without application were used as a control. Cherry fruits were stored at 4±1°C temperature with 85-90% RH for 35 days. As a result of the study, the best treatment in terms of increasing the TSS/TA rate (19.3), fructose (5.27%), glucose (6.22%), total soluble phenol (170.16 mg/100 mL CAE) and anthocyanin content (12.11 mg/kg FW), red color, and taste quality (4.63) of fruits was UVB20. It has also been seen that the KR treatment could be used to reducing the titratable acidity content, and increase the amount of fructose, total soluble phenol. The UV-A LED treatment is particularly significant in reducing weight loss, and providing in the fruit stalk remains green. Also, the treatments of both UVB and LED improved the color quality of cherries by increasing brightness, darkening red color, and protection of anthocyanins, whereas increased the EL. As a result, it might be concluded that the UVB20 (5.95 kJ / m2s) treatment was the best and usable treatment to maintaining both biochemical and taste quality cherry fruits during cold storage.

Bu çalışma bıldırcın rasyonlarına farklı seviyelerde multi-enzim ilavesinin yumurtlayan bıldırcınların performans, yumurta iç ve dış kalite parametreleri ile bazı serum parametreleri üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi için yürütülmüştür. Denemede 10 haftalık yaşta toplam 96 adet Japon bıldırcını dört tekerrürlü altı muamele grubuna ve her bir alt grupta dört bıldırcın olacak şekilde rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Mısır-Soya fasulyesi küspesine dayalı bazal rasyona 100, 500, 1000, 1500 ve 2000 mg/kg multi-enzim ilave edilerek toplamda 6 adet rasyon hazırlanmıştır. Deneme sonuçlarına göre rasyona farklı seviyelerde multi-enzim ilavesinin canlı ağırlık değişimi, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kitlesi, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranına etkisi istatistiki olarak önemsiz olmuştur. Buna ilaveten, muamelelerin kabuk kalınlığı haricinde yumurta iç ve dış kalite parametrelerine etkisi de önemsiz olmuştur. En yüksek yumurta kabuk kalınlığı 1000 mg/kg multi-enzim seviyesinde elde edilmiştir. Serum parametrelerinden glukoz, kreatinin ve kolesterol etkilenmezken AST 100 mg/kg seviyesinde ve albümin, globülin, total protein, kalsiyum ve fosfor konsantrasyonları 2000 mg/kg seviyesinde multi-enzim ilavesinde en yüksek değere ulaşmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre rasyona yüksek seviyede (2000 mg/kg) multi-enzim ilavesinin bıldırcınların serum parametrelerini iyileştirdiğini, ancak serum parametrelerindeki bu iyileşmenin bıldırcınların performans ve yumurta kalitesine yansımadığı görülmüştür.

Microwave (MW)-hot air (HA) combined drying was applied to white sweet cherries besides solely HA drying at 50, 60 and 70°C in the presence of citric acid, sucrose and freezing pretreatment in this study. Single power level of MW (90 W) was chosen, and drying behavior of all samples was modelled by using eleven thin layer equations. Two-term, rational and sigmoid models were the most suitable models for describing drying phenomena. Effective moisture diffusivities (Deff) ranged from 1.724×10-10 to 5.173×10-10 m2/s in HA drying and from 4.260×10-10 to 1.805×10-9 m2/s in MW-HA drying. Activation energies (Ea) were between 2.785 and 30.541 kJ/mol and 6.929 and 42.101 kJ/mol for HA and MW-HA drying techniques, respectively. Total color change (ΔE) levels of the outer surface of dried cherries were generally higher than the ones of inner surface. Freezing pretreatment had a comparably lower enhancing effect on the total phenolic content (TPC) of HA dried white sweet cherries compared to fresh sample. The TPC of freezing pretreated and HA dried at 50°C and HA dried at 70°C control samples were 1.481 ± 0.398 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry matter (DM) and 6.181 ± 0.012 mg GAE/g DM as the minimum and maximum, respectively. These values were determined as 4.183 ± 1.728 and 8.240 ± 0.502 mg GAE/g DM that were belonged to MW-HA dried at 50°C control and freezing pretreated MW-HA dried at 70°C samples in combined procedure, respectively.

Ethiopia has enormous potential for wheat production, yet it remains a net wheat importer. This paper aims to examine the efficiency of wheat production in Debra Libanos district, Ethiopia. Two stages sampling technique was used to randomly select 150 farmers for the study. A stochastic production frontier and two-limit Tobit estimator was utilized in the study. The study reveals that technical (78.5 %,), allocative (85.6%), and economic (66.7%) efficiencies. The yield gap was 5.13 quintal/ hectare showing a room to increase efficiencies. The study identified the determinants of wheat production efficiency in the area. Hence, to improve wheat production efficiencies strengthen extension services, improved technology utilization, and proper land ploughing. Besides, natural resource conservations that improve soil fertility should be the focus of the policymakers.

This study focuses on the investigation of enhancing convective heat transfer between the absorber and the air inside a channel. The investigation approaches modeling different absorber through CFD simulation and validating the result with experimental data. Supplying air to both sides of the top and the bottom surfaces of the absorber increase the air mass flow rate and therefore increases the thermal efficiency of the dryer. The studies in a V-grooved absorber attain high hot air velocity; high thermal efficiency resulted from high turbulence created in the duct. For the sample taken with a flow range, 0.01kg/s to 0.06 kg/s, the high output temperature was observed in a lower temperature range and increases as the flow rate increases. At a flow rate 0.01 kg/s, the velocity of hot air passing over the V-grooved absorber attain 0.28 m/s and increased to 1.4 m/s as the mass flow rate increased to 0.06 kg/s. For the rectangular absorber, the velocity of hot air attains 0.15 m/s at a flow rate of 0.01 kg/s and increased to 1.46 m/s as the mass flow rate increases to 0.06 kg/s. The double-sided V-grooved absorber contributes 8 – 12.40% value more efficiency compared to the rectangular plate with the same flow orientation. Further investigation is recommended taking the quantitative analysis obtained in this study and generating qualitative data.

This study targeted to elucidate the effect of seed aging on germination and emergence rates with and shoot characteristics in wheat cultivars. For this purpose, different bread wheat cultivars stored for 7 years and non-stored were compared for coleoptile length, root mass, shoot mass, root length as well as germination and seedling emergence rates. Here, the evidence suggested that seed storage over a prolonged period affected root and Shoot growth, coleoptile length, seed germination, and seedling emergence rates adversely. By linking germination and emergence rates, the data presented here indicated that a reduction in emergence rate in long-term storage was higher than that in the germination rate. It was also found that there were significant variations among the wheat cultivars about investigated traits during long-term storage. However, the emergence rates of Kate A1 and Flamura 85 were not affected substantially by long-term storage. The study suggested future studies to focus on clarification of the process controlling natural seed aging as such knowledge allows clue the eventual consequences of long-term storage.