The combinations of organic liquid fertilizer material obtained from sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca) and different concentrations of zeolite were applied to the cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plant in six treatments with three replicates each. The combinations of the experimental groups were as follows; control group, G1 group 180 g Z (Zeolite), G2 group 90 g Z + 1140 ml Liquid Fertilizer (LF), G3 group 180 g Z + 620 ml LF, G4 group 270 g Z + 310 ml LF, G5 group 620 ml LF. Except the control group, all zeolites were applied with the first dose of liquid fertilizer, and other liquid fertilizer doses were given in three periods, after germination, flowering and yield. While the lowest germination rate was in control group, the highest rate was in group with 60 g zeolite. While the lowest seedling weight was observed in group with 90 g zeolite + 1140 ml liquid fertilizer, the highest rate was in group with 180 g zeolite + 620 ml liquid fertilizer. While the highest cucumber weight was observed in group with 270 g zeolite + 310 ml liquid fertilizer, the lowest was in group with 620 ml liquid fertilizer. Therefore, it may be said that zeolite has positive effect on germination. On the other hand, liquid fertilizer and zeolite combinations may have positive effects on the weight of the cucumber seedling and yield.

Red beet (Beta vulgaris var. Cruenta Alef.) it is a flowering plant belonging to the family of Amaranthaceae and is cultivated in the regions extending from the west of Europe to all the Mediterranean coasts In Turkey; especially in the Aegean and Marmara regions. In the World, it is used in the production of milk and milk products, fruit juices, sauces, soups, confectionery, jelly, tomato paste, breakfast products, sausages and sausage products. In Turkey, in addition to these, it is widely used, in producing the turnip juice and pickles. There beet is particularly rich in minerals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus and also contains iron and selenium. Further; rich in antioxidant phenolic substances, betalain and flavonoid. In this study; antibacterial effect of extracts obtained from red beet outer shell and flesh inner part by using different solvents (ethanol, methanol and distilled water) on some food pathogens were determined by dise diffusion method. As a result of the research; the most antimicrobial effect was observed in the water extract obtained from the shell portion of red beet against Listeria monocytogenes with a 17 mm dilution diameter. This value was determined to be followed by methanol extract obtained from the interior of the red beet against Pseudomonas aeroginosa with a 16 mm dilution diameter. The lowest MIC and MBC values were on the Enterobacter aerogenes of beet peel methanol extract with values of 23.44and 31.25 μg / mL, respectively. All results were compared with the reference values of Eucastand CLSI laboratories and resistance and sensitivity were determined.

Recently, the use of camel milk has increased as a new and alternative animal protein source for human consumption. However, there are some differences in the composition of camel milk compared with other kind of milk sources. One of these differences is that camel milk contains in high concentrations of antimicrobial agents such as lysozyme, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase and immunoglobulins. In many studies, it was reported that camel milk is not suitable for production of fermented milk especially for yoghurt due to the high concentration of antimicrobial substances. The aim of this study, to investigate suitability of the mixture of camel milk with different ratio of cow, sheep and goat milk for yoghurt production. After preparing of milk mixtures heat treated at 90°C for 15 minutes the mixtures were cooled to 45°C. The starter culture (YC 350) was added and incubated at 42°C until the pH reached 4.7. During fermentation every hour the pH, SH and viscosity were measured. According to the results of analysis in which the highest viscosity and the fastest pH drop, mixtures were chosen as optimum points for yoghurt production. In these optimum points yoghurt production were performed and all of the samples were stored for 1., 7., 14. and 28. days at 4°C. During the storage, water holding capacity and syneresis analyses were conducted. According to the results, the optimum mixture was determined at 80% :20%cow milk:camel milk mixture. However, after 4 weeks of storage it was concluded that an increase in the syneresis and a decrease in water holding capacity (%) were found for yoghurt obtained from 80% :20:% cow-camel milk mixture.

The objective of this work was to determine the effects of UV-C and chitosan coatings, alone or in conjunction, on the quality of strawberry fruit during storage. The treated fruits were examined for weight loss, respiration rate, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid contents, total anthocyanins, total phenolic contents, decay incidence and sensory analysis of strawberry fruit were investigated during cold storage 1±0.5°C and 90±5% RH for 15 days. The result showed that chitosan coating with UV-C irradiation could further reduce decay incidence of strawberry fruit, restrain increase of respiration rate and weight loss of strawberry fruit compared to other treatments. Moreover, the total anthocyanins and total phenolic contents were maintained at higher level, and the decrease of ascorbic acid was restricted during storage period. Likewise, sensory analysis results also showed the effectiveness of UV-C + chitosan treatment by retaining the quality of strawberry fruit. Control and individual UV-C treatment had similar effects on respiration rate and weight loss. The results showed that UV-C + chitosan treatment can be an effective method for enhancing the phytochemical content and delaying fruit senescence of strawberry fruit during cold storage.

Food waste and loss is an ecological, economic and social problem. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization states that approximately one third of all edible foods produced for human consumption are wasted or lost after harvest. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting food waste behavior of consumers. In order to reach this aim, a questionnaire was conducted with 583 people in November and December of 2018 in Çorum province. The obtained data were analyzed and explained through Structural Equation Models. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a 5-factor structure explaining 76,612% of the total variance was obtained. These factors were named as norm, intention, result awareness, purchasing behavior and planning. These factors were found to have validity, reliability and internal consistency. In addition, it was investigated whether the factors were compatible with the fit indices by means of Confirmatory Factor Analysis. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it was determined that the obtained factors met the fit indices values. As a result of Confirmatory Factor Analysis, it was determined that the obtained factors met the fit index values. The effect of the factors on the relationship between each other and the waste behavior were measured by means of the path analysis. As a result of this study, although consumers have positive statements regarding consequence awareness, intent and norms, they have been determined to be unstable in planning and purchasing. Besides, although there was a direct effect of intent and result awareness on waste behavior, it was determined that planning and norms had indirect effects. Considering that the intention is the most influential factor on waste behavior, it should be focused on the activities that will create result awareness in society.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, fertigasyon uygulamalarında farklı gübreleme zamanlarının (her sulamada gübre: H.S.G., her ikinci sulamada gübre: H.İ.S.G., her üçüncü sulamada gübre: H.Ü.S.G.) ve mikoriza uygulamalarının biber bitkisinin verimine ve besin elementleri alımına olan etkilerini araştırmaktır. Araştırma Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü’ne ait araştırma ve deneme alanında, tarla koşullarında, iki yıl süreyle ve üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada fertigasyon uygulaması geleneksel yöntem ile karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılmış, test bitkisi olarak biber ve mikoriza türü olarak Glomus caledonium kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada biber bitkisinin verimi ile yaprakların azot (N), fosfor (P), potasyum (K), demir (Fe), çinko (Zn), mangan (Mn) ve bakır (Cu) konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, birinci yılda en yüksek verimin fosfor uygulanmış ve mikoriza aşılanmış her ikinci sulamada gübre uygulamasından elde edildiğini ortaya koymuştur (2809 kg/da). İkinci yılda ise, 2113 kg/da ile fosfor uygulanmayan mikoriza aşılanmış bitkilerde her sulamada gübre uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, her sulamada gübre uygulaması diğer uygulamalarla karşılaştırıldığında, biber bitkisinin P konsantrasyonunu önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Araştırmada genel olarak, mikoriza aşılanmış bitkilerin aşılanmamış bitkilerden daha yüksek verim ve besin elementi alımına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

This study presents a new sex pheromone trap for European Grapevine Moth, Lobesia botrana, to monitor its field population without direct field observations in Turkey. The study was conducted in Hadim and Taşkent (Konya) districts in 2016. Viticulture has been carried out for many years in both districts where the maximum vineyards are located. Due to the distance to the center and the difficulty of transportation to these districts, there has not been conducted any detailed studies until today. Therefore, this study about L. botrana, which is harmful in these vineyards, was planned. In order to monitor the pest population, the cameras were placed onto the pheromone traps, and it was tried to get information about the population development of the pest via internet without going to the vineyards. For this purpose, four locations in Hadim and one location in Taşkent district were selected and one pheromone trap was established in each location before the bud burst in vineyards. The camera was placed on each pheromone trap and was linked with vMEyeIPC program via internet. The time of first adult flight and the population development of adult L. botrana were determined. The first adult flight began at the beginning (7/4/2016) and in the middle of April (15/4/2016) in Hadim and Taşkent, respectively. The number of offspring and the maximum number of pest individuals caught in traps were recorded in vineyards in both districts.

In this study, fish consumption preferences of the families living in the district of Almus in Tokat province and the factors that are effective in choosing them were investigated. In the scope of the study, the data obtained from face-to-face interviews with households were used. In the study, consumers prefer which of the alternatives of rainbow trout (Oncahorynchus myciss), carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) and spring fish (Silurus glanis) consumed most of the fish species found in Almus Dam Lake, and the importance level of consumer preference in this choice. the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was determined by the AHS method. Criteria consist of price, nutritional value, taste, freshness, bone condition, sold place, habit, hunting, aquaculture. It has been determined that the most attention is paid to the freshness (0.175) in the direction of the findings and that the criteria of taste (0.136), sold place (0.133) and food value (0.122) follow. In the preference of fish consumption, Rainbow Trout criterion was given priority with 48% points. İt is aimed to determine the importance level of the criteria that are effective in consumers ‘preference of fish consumption in the direction of obtained findings and to be a guide for fish farmers and sellers.

Bu çalışma, farklı olgunlaşma sürelerine sahip bazı patates çeşitlerinin Isparta koşullarında verim performansları ile hasat sonrası depo davranışları ve depoda kalite değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2018 yılında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada ülkemizde yaygın olarak tarımı yapılan Agria, Agata, Alegria, Desiree, Granola, Hermes, LadyAnna, Marabel, Morfona ve Russet Burbank patates çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada çeşitlerin arazi koşullarında verim performansları belirlendikten sonra her çeşitten alınan yumru örnekleri 6-8°C sıcaklıkta 6 ay süreyle depolanmıştır. Çeşitlerin yumru verimleri 2.860-5.331 kg/da, vejetasyon süreleri ise 97,7-146,6 gün arasında değişmiştir. Depolama sürecinde yumruların %50’sinde dormansinin kırılması için geçen süreler 23,3-111,6 gün arasında değişmiş, erkenci çeşitlerde dormansi daha erken kırılmıştır. Çalışmada 6 aylık depolama devresi sonunda çeşitlerin %4,13 ile %6,48 oranında ağırlık kaybettikleri saptanmıştır. Çeşitlerin depolama süresine bağlı olarak nişasta oranları, indirgen şeker içerikleri ve parmak patates verimleri değişkenlik göstermekle birlikte depolama süresi boyunca genellikle azalma göstermiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan patates çeşitlerinin depolama sürecinde parmak patates ve sofralık kalitelerinde önemli değişimlerin olduğu, cips sanayisine uygun olmayan, düşük kuru madde oranına sahip çeşitler ile erkenci özellikteki çeşitlerin depoda ağırlık ve kalite kayıplarının daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada patates çeşitlerinin dormansi süreleri ile olgunlaşma özelliklerinin depo kalitesine önemli derecede etki gösterdiği ve bu nedenle patates depolamasında çeşit özelliklerinin dikkate alınarak depo süresinin belirlenmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Lamiaceae familyasına ait adaçayı ve dağ çayı Türkiye’de ticari öneme sahip tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerdir. Bu çalışmada, tuzlu koşullarda farklı selenyum dozlarının, adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.) ve dağ çayı (Sideritis sp.)’nın morfolojik özellikleri üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Tuzsuz (0) ve tuzlu (250 mM NaCI/l) ortamda ve dört farklı selenyum dozu (5, 10, 20, 40 mg/l) uygulanmıştır. Deneme bölünmüş parseller deneme deseninde üç tekrarlı olarak Tarla Bitkileri bölümü iklim odasında yürütülmüştür. İncelenen özellikler değerlendirildiğinde; adaçayında bitki boyu 15,56-23,85 cm, dal sayısı 10,50-12,78 adet/bitki, yaprak sayısı 52,78-92,00 adet/bitki, yaş yaprak ağırlığı 2,48-7,51 g/bitki, kuru yaprak ağırlığı 0,48-3,32 g/bitki, yaş kök ağırlığı 1,52-7,16 g/bitki, kuru kök ağırlığı 0,19-1,24 g/bitki, kök uzunluğu 26,18-36,07 cm, yaş gövde ağırlığı 1,13-7,15 g/bitki ve kuru gövde ağırlığı ise 0,13-0,38 g/bitki arasında değişmiştir. Dağ çayında ise bitki boyu 3,26-5,93 cm, dal sayısı 2,50-6,33 adet/bitki, yaprak sayısı 28,22-91,14 adet/bitki, yaş yaprak ve kuru yaprak ağırlıkları 2,42-11,03 ve 0,45-1,91 g/bitki, yaş ve kuru kök ağırlıkları 0,71-3,97 ve 0,18-0,74 g/bitki, kök uzunluğu 14,78-33,26 cm, yaş ve kuru gövde ağırlıkları ise 0,29-2,28 ve 0,12-0,41 g/bitki olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, tuzlu koşullarda 5 mg/l selenyum uygulaması ile her iki bitkide de yaş yaprak ağırlıkları bakımından yüksek değerlere ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte adaçayında kuru yaprak ağırlığı ile dağ çayında yaş kök ve yaş gövde ağırlıkları üzerine tuzlu koşullarda selenyum uygulamalarının olumlu etkilerinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda ise her iki bitkide de incelenen özellikler bakımından özellikle dağ çayında kuru yaprak ağırlığı ile diğer özellikler arasında olumlu korelasyonlar bulunmuştur.