Although the intensification of agricultural production is the reason for feeding of increasing human population the demand for organic or ecological products is increasing in parallel with the social consciousness in recent years. Hair goat breeding is made in a large part of Turkey that is suitable or may become suitable for organic production system with a few arrangements. In this study, Hair goat breeding was evaluated together with the Regulation on the Principles and Implementation of Organic Agriculture. The study is important in terms of ensuring sustainability of hair goats under the threat of crossbreeding by assessing it within organic production.

In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.

The difficulty of sex determination in most poultry species causes significant financial losses for poultry production as birds cannot be separated at early stages of growth for meat or egg production. Therefore it is important to determine bird’s sex with zoometric parameters. This study was carried out to determine the sex of Japanese quails with zoometric measurements, such as live weight, body length, chest depth and chest width. Eighty-eight male and female Japanese quail chicks were used individually for live weight, chest depth (mm), chest width (mm) and body length (mm) with using digital scaled balance and caliper for every week over a period of six weeks. The weekly collected data were applied to t test for estimating the sex discrimination. The Pearson’s correlation was applied for examining the interrelationship between sex and biometric traits. The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between live weight and body length beginning with the 2nd week. Therefore, zoometric measurement of these body traits is suitable for discriminating the sex of Japanese quails in early phase of life.

On 1 September 2017, the National Support Centre for Agriculture was established and appointed to serve as the Trustee of the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury in Poland. This study profiles the legal relationship of the trust and points out its specifics in reference to state-owned agricultural property. The article includes an evaluation of the assumed legal solutions for the National Support Centre for Agriculture and compares them to the operations of the abolished Agricultural Property Agency.

Bu araştırmada, Koçaş Tarım İşletmesinde yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca ineklerin süt verim özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu özelliklere ait fenotipik ve genotipik parametre tahminleri yapılmıştır. İncelenen özelliklere ait en küçük kareler ortalaması laktasyon süt verimi, 305 gün süt verimi, laktasyon süresi ve kuruda kalma süresi sırasıyla; 7046,18 kg, 6588,38 kg, 327,37 gün ve 67,48 gün, olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yine aynı özelliklere ait kalıtım dereceleri ise sırasıyla; 0,25, 0,26, 0,07, 0,03 ve 0,30 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Yılın, mevsimin ve laktasyon sırasının laktasyon süt verimi, 305 gün süt verimi ve laktasyon süresi üzerine etkisi ile kuruda kalma özelliği üzerine mevsimin ve laktasyon sırasının etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçları, süt verim özellikleri bakımından Koçaş Tarım İşletmesi yetiştiricilik şartlarının iyi durumda ve işletme için hesaplanan genotipik parametrelerin de kabul edilebilir sınırlar içerisinde olduğunu göstermiştir.

Geosoil permite almacenar, consultar e interpretar información tanto del suelo como de su entorno biofísico a diferentes escalas: parcela, finca, comunidad, municipio, departamento, región, país. Opera a partir de una base de datos relacional elaborada en ACCES 2000, compuesta por una serie de tablas principales estructuradas con información a diferentes niveles jerárquicos que permiten la caracterización de las propiedades del suelo. Los elementos morfológicos y analíticos del suelo se combinan para conformar indicadores de calidad mediante un sistema de calificación que permite visualizar el grado y el número de limitaciones que podría tener un suelo para ser utilizado en agricultura. Además, posee módulos en los cuales el usuario puede: (a) adicionar o consultar características espaciales y de atributos del suelo; (b) visualizar la interpretación de los indicadores de calidad, agrupados en rangos de limitación (c) determinar la aptitud general del suelo para un cultivo específico mediante la comparación entre oferta (suelo) vs. demanda (requerimientos del cultivo); (d) calcular necesidades de fertilización; (e) generar reportes de la variabilidad en profundidad de algunas características, para uno o más suelos; (f) cartografiar los resultados mediante un link con el SIG MapMaker y (g) visualizar mapas de variabilidad espacial y/o temporal (isolíneas) de la variable utilizada como indicador. ABSTRACT The System Georeferenced of soil quality indicators for the savannas of Colombia. Geosoil allows to as much store, to consult and to process data of the soil as of his biophysics surroundings on different scales: parcel, property, community, municipality, department, region, and country. It operates from a relational database elaborated in ACCES 2000, composed by a series of structured main tables with information at different hierarchic levels that they allow the characterization of the properties of the soil. The morphologic and analytical elements of the ground are combined to conform indicators of quality by means of a qualification system that allows visualizing the degree and the number of limitations that could have a soil to be used in agriculture. In addition, it has modules in which the user can: (a) to add or to consult space characteristics and of attributes of the soil; (b) to visualize the interpretation of the quality indicators, grouped in limitation ranks; (c) to determine the general aptitude of the soil for a specific culture by means of the comparison between supply (soil) versus demands (requirements of the culture); (d) to calculate the fertilization necessities (e) to generate reports of the variability in depth of some characteristics, for one or more soil; (f) to map the results by means of a link with the MapMaker GIS (g) to visualize maps of space and/or temporary variability (isolines) of the variable used like indicator. Key words: indicators, soil quality, Geographical Information Systems, soil database, land degradation and land evaluation, savannas.

Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the freshwater of the Batlama Creek in Giresun, to measure their resistance levels against to antibiotics. A total of 9 antibiotics disc were applied for the resistance test. Antibiotic resistances of all isolates were at percentages for ampicillin (75%), erythromycin (64%), nalidixic acid (48%), tetracycline (39%), amikacin (34%), cefazolin and chloramphenicol (33%), cefuroxime (32%) and cefotaxime (23%), respectively. The highest resistant strain was resistant against to 9 antibiotics, while the weak resistance of 16 isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics. Moreover, Multiple antibiotic resistance index values were found to be higher than 0.2 for 77% of all isolates. High resistances of examined bacteria against to antibiotics indicated a dense and multisource pollution in the Batlama Creek. Consequently, a need for good surveillance programs to monitor antimicrobial resistance patterns in surface water bodies.

El análisis se realizó en condiciones de campo, en dos localidades (Candelaria y Palmira), determinando los componentes de rendimiento (kg), altura (cm) y fenología (dds/floración). Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones. El crecimiento de C. ensiformis no mostró diferencias entre las localidades evaluadas. El desempeño fisiológico en la acumulación de fotosintatos se concentró en mayor proporción en el órgano vertedero “frutoâ€?, que representa entre el 60 y 75% de MS total. La dinámica de acumulación de MS mostró correlación en los índices medidos (TCC, TCR, TAN, IAF). Abstract Analysis of growth of canavalia in the plane zone of Valle del Cauca. Under conditions of field, in two localities (Candelaria and palmira), determining the components of yield (Kg), height (cm) and fenology (d/flower). A design at random with five (5) repetitions was used completely. The growth of Canavalia ensiformis does not show differences enters the evaluated localities. The physiological performance in the accumulation of photosintates is it accumulated in greater proportion in the organ garbage dump “fruitâ€?, that represents between 60 and 75% of dry matter. The dynamics of accumulation of MS shows correlation in the measured indices (NAR, LAI, RGR). Key words: Canavalia ensiformis, biological analysis, phenology, yield components.