Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde balık refahı ve çalışma kolaylığı açısından sentetik veya bitkisel kökenli anestezikler kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, sentetik kökenli anesteziklerin balık vücudunda birikim yapması nedeni ile hem balık hem de tüketici sağlığını tehdit edebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla son yıllarda bitkisel kökenli anesteziklere olan ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Karanfil yağı su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde yapılan çalışmalarda sıklıkla kullanılan bitkisel bir anestezik maddedir. Literatürde karanfil haricinde farklı bitkisel kökenli esansiyel yağların balıklar üzerindeki anestezik etkilerinin araştırıldığı çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu yağlardan birisi de kişniş otu (Coriandrum sativum) yağıdır. Kişniş otu ana bileşen olarak %50-70 oranlarında anestezi özelliği gösteren linalol etken maddesini içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, bitkisel anestezik olarak kişniş otu yağının su ürünlerinde kullanılabilirliği değerlendirilmiştir.

The objective of this study was to develop and characterize a pH indicator based on chitosan (C) and starch (S) including anthocyanins from eggplant to indicate food quality changes through the detection of changes in the pH of packaged food products. Anthocyanins were extracted with solvents including ethanol and water (7:3, V:V) (EgP-E) and water (EgP-W) in acidic pH. The pH indicator films were obtained incorporating anthocyanin as 1.5 g extract/100 g film solution. The optical, mechanical and water vapor permeability properties were used to characterize the pH indicator films. The total monomeric anthocyanin content and phenolic content of extract solutions were also determined. Color variations of pH indicator films were measured by a colorimeter after immersion in different pH buffers (pH 2.0–10.0). Initially, dried C films and S based films were observed in a violet color and a magenta color, respectively. C and S films with anthocyanins showed color variations from pink (in acidic pH) to bluish-green (in neutral pH) and to violet (in basic pH) in different pH values. The water vapor permeability of films with anthocyanins was higher than films without anthocyanins. Additionally, C and S based films including anthocyanins extracted with water showed better permeability values. C:EgP-W and S:EgP-W films presented higher elasticity values when compared with films including ethanolic extracts (p

Bu çalışma, Sinop ili Erfelek ilçesinde bulunan Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nin su kalitesi ve kirliliğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, su kalitesini belirlemede kullanılan fiziksel ve kimyasal su parametreleri, Nisan 2018 – Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında aylık olarak alınan su örneklerinden ölçülmüştür. Bu ölçümler, Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nin bütününü temsil eden dört istasyon için yapılmıştır. İstasyonlar, Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nin doğusu, kuzeybatısı (en derin yeri), güneyi ve batısı olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışma süresince, belirlenen bu dört istasyondan ayda bir su numuneleri alınmış ve elde edilen on iki aylık ortalama değerler (genel ortalama, standart sapma, mevsimsel ortalama) incelenmiştir. Bu dört istasyondan alınan su örneklerinde su kalitesini belirlemek amacıyla çözünmüş oksijen (mg/L), pH, sıcaklık (oC), tuzluluk (ppt), demir (µg/L), kurşun (µg/L), bakır (µg/L), kadmiyum (µg/L), civa (µg/L), nikel (µg/L), ve çinko (µg/L) parametrelerinin analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, ölçülen su kalitesi parametrelerinin yıllık ortalama değerlerinin istatistiksel verileri mevsimsel olarak da karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nin, Yüzey Suları Su Kalitesi Yönetim Yönetmeliği’ne göre II. sınıf su kalitesine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, gölette herhangi bir kirlilik problemi olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak, gölet suyu çok sert sular sınıfına girmekle birlikte, yetiştiricilik açısından bu durumun bir sakıncası bulunmamaktadır. Tüm sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde göletin, alabalık gibi soğuk su türlerinin yetiştiriciliği için uygun olabileceği önerilmektedir.

Fish is an important food source for human health. Despite being surrounded on three sides by seas, fish demand is not enough demand in Turkey. The demand for a good is determined by many factors, especially the income of consumer and price of an item. In Kastamonu city centre with a population of 128.537, a questionnaire is applied to determine the consumption and frequency of fish consumption. According to the survey results, the consumption of fish in Kastamonu city centre is not at a desirable level. Although the price of fish is lower than that of red meat, it is not preferred by the low-income group. Most fish consumption is carried out by those with high-income levels.

In this study, it was aimed to determine there and fecundity by adapting crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) obtained from Bafra Fish Lakes (Ulugöl-Samsun) in culture conditions. Crayfish obtained in November 2016 were stocked in tanks and egg and morphometric characteristics of female crayfish with carrying eggs were determined. Correlation analysis were used for the relationship between the determined parameters. The mean total weight and total length of crayfish were 41.79±3.00g, 10.72±0.22cm, respectively whereas the mean number and diameter of eggs were 156.40±33.24 and 2.50±0.12mm. There were positive strong relationship between total length and total weight of crayfish negative relationship was found between egg diameter and total number of eggs, egg diameter and total weight of eggs and egg diameter and number of eggs for per unit of live weight.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a vegetable that is known to be medically beneficial and has been around since the past in the world cuisine. The unique taste and smell of garlic affects its raw consumption negatively. One of the functional uses of garlic, ‘black garlic’ is produced by fermenting white garlic under certain temperature and humidity conditions. Thus, the bitter taste and smell of garlic disappears and also changes occur in its nutritional value. Studies show that black garlic has anticancer, antitumor, antiallergic and antimicrobial effects. It also plays protective and therapeutic role against diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases. This product, which is new for many countries, is not well known and consumed in our country too. In this study, the bioavailability of black garlic was highlighted and information was given about its production and antioxidant activity.

Bu araştırmada Karayaka Koyunlarında (n=126 baş) gebeliğin 50. gününde B-Mod Real Time 3,5 MHz lineer transabdominal problu ultrasonografi cihazı ile gebelik ve yavru sayısının tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca koyun yaşı ve gebeliğin 50. günü vücut kondisyon puanı ile yavru doğum ağırlığı arasında ilişki belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ultrasonografi cihazı ile elde edilen bulgular kuzulama kayıtlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmada ultrasonografi cihazı ile muayenenin doğruluk oranı %84, duyarlılık oranı %93 bulunmuştur. Koyunların gebeliğin 50. gününde ortalama vücut kondisyon puanları ile yavruların doğum ağırlığı arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı 0,234 olarak hesaplanmış ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Koyun yaşı ile gebeliğin 50. gününde vücut kondisyon puanı arasında önemli ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the important spices in the world. Nepal is the fourth largest producers of ginger in the world, which produced 271.863 MT in 2016. In Nepal, seventy districts are producing ginger and around 400.000 households are involving in the ginger farming which is the chief source of the household income. Moreover, ginger has prioritized by several policies and strategies of the Government of Nepal. This paper examined the production trend and market access of Nepali ginger considering the ginger global market. A diagnostic study of production, value addition, and the marketing system was carried out between the eastern and the western part of Nepal. The secondary information was reviewed and analysed for the study. Likewise, the key informant survey was performed for the primary data and information. For Nepali ginger, India is found constantly top destination. The result of price index suggested that Nepali ginger is losing significant potential earning by not having top most lucrative markets for fresh ginger. Moreover, the trend of the export is ever fluctuating and the result showed that trade of ginger to India in term of export is more stable from the western region as compared to the eastern region. The study found that the major determinants of ginger market access are quality of ginger produced, value addition, level of trade facilitation, and domestic production and the import of India from other countries.

Maize grain yield is a complicated character which depends on multiple factors. Considering this aspect, we carried out an experiment to estimate the genetic parameters and character association of thirty inbred line in maize during November 2017 to April 2018. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed for a Number of kernel row per ear (NKRE), ear diameter (ED), plant height (PH), number of kernels per row (NKR). However, heritability (percentage) exhibited highest for the yield per plant (YP), thousands kernel weight (TKW), cob weight (CW), first ear height (FEH), ear length (EL). The percentage of genetic advance (GAM%) was high for YP, CW, PH, FEH, TKW. Results demonstrated that EL has a significant positive correlation with NKR (r = 0.661**). YP showed significant positive correlation with PH (r = 0.718**). While EL (r = 0.587**), NKR (r = 0.501**), NKE (r = 0.422**), and TKW (r = 0.612**) showed insignificant association with YP (0.718). YP has insignificant association with EL to NKRE (r = -0.0414) and PH to FEH (r = -0.092). Highest and positive direct effect on YP was exhibited by TKW (0.519). Considering all traits, IL-28, performed better followed by IL-9, IL-15, and IL-10. The development of hybrids genotypes, these genotypes have the chance to obtain higher heterosis with high performing crosses.