In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of adding olive seed powder (OSP) and eggshell powder (ESP) to whole wheat biscuit formulation on some of the physico-chemical, chemical, textural and sensory properties. Incorporation of powder materials was done by adding to biscuit dough at prespecified concentrations of OSP (7.5% and 15%) and ESP (2.5%) based on total wheat flour. The data obtained from this study revealed that fortification with powder materials affected protein and moisture content of final product. Additionally, adding powder materials to whole wheat biscuit formulation increased the total amount of phenolics and antioxidant activity significantly. Results of instrumental colour analysis indicated that fortification increased darkness and redness when compared with the control. Sensory analysis data indicated that non-fortified and fortified samples provided similar sensory attributes.

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate of the quality of the sowing process applied by 10 different producers in their fields in Tokat / Kazova, in the cultivation of grain corn, by Statistical Process Control. In determining of the quality of the sowing process, plant spacing uniformity, seeding depth uniformity and ratio of plant emergence were used. Acceptable plant spacing, the multiples ratio and the miss ratio were determined for planting spacing uniformity on the row. Plant emergence ratio values varied between 59.60% (D field) and 93.13% (B field) in the trial areas. Acceptable plant spacing, the multiples ratio and the miss ratio values ranged from 65.56% - 90.24%, 4.02 - 15.69% and 5.11% - 12.91%, in the trial areas, respectively. It was concluded that the sowing process is generally ‘Moderate’ and ‘Inadequate’ according to the parameters of plant spacing uniformity. Similarly, individual and moving range quality charts prepared for statistical quality control of plant spacing uniformity and seeding depth uniformity showed that the sowing process was not under control. According to these results, it is necessary to take precautions regarding the factors that negatively affect the quality of the sowing process for sustainable agricultural production.

In this study, the effects of light stimulation at normal (NLS: 154 days) and early (ELS: 140 days) age on some physiological and reproductive traits in dam and sire broiler pure-lines were carried out during the laying period. The study was conducted with A1, A2, A3, A4 dam lines and B1, B2 sire lines up to 43 weeks of age, whose breeding studies were carried out in Eskişehir Geçit Kuşağı Agricultural Research Institute. Live weight and feed consumption were determined during the growing period. In the laying period, in addition to these, the first laying age, 50% yield age, egg yield, hatching egg yield and egg weight were determined. The data obtained were evaluated according to light stimulation age and pure-lines by two factor analysis of variance. NLS and ELS treatments did not significantly affect the body weights of the pure-lines at 20, 24 and 43 weeks of age. However, differences were found significant in terms of body weight at 20, 24 and 43 weeks of age in pure-lines. Lines reached the first laying age at 172 days in NLS, and at 165 days of age in ELS. The 50% yield age was realized at 184 d and 176 d of age in parallel with the first laying age. The effects of light stimulation age on egg yield and hatching egg yield were found significant. In NLS treatment all pure-lines, 5 more eggs were produced in egg yield and hatching egg yield. However, differences in egg yield and weight in pure-lines were found significant. The study results showed that the egg production can be increased by first light stimulation at the 20 weeks of age, provided that at least 2 kg live weight is achieved in broiler pure-lines.

The aim of this study is to compare the least squares (LS) method that lost its function in the case of multicollinearity in regression methods with Ridge Regression (RR) and Principal Components Regression (PCR) which are bias estimators. For this aim, the effect of some body measurements on body weight (BW), body length (BL), height at withers (HW), height at rump (HR), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG) and chest width (CW) obtained from 59 Saanen kids at weaning period raised at Research Farm of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University. Determination coefficient (R2) and mean square error (MSE) values were used to evaluate the estimation performance of the methods. The multicollinearity between height at withers (HW) and height at rump (HR) which were used to estimate body weight was eliminated by using RR and PCR. When R2 and HKO values of the examined methods are compared; It has been shown that RR method have better results of live weight of Saanen goats.

KOP region covers Aksaray, Karaman, Konya, Niğde Nevşehir, Yozgat, Kırıkkale and Kırşehir provinces. KOP region has an area of 95,580 km² about 12,3%, with 4.515.046 population about 5,4% and 12,3% of agricultural lands of Turkey. KOP Region has 13.1 % grassland and 9,4% of the area of forage crops cultivation and in terms of production forage crops 15,8% of Turkey. KOP region has also 2.150.920 head of cattle (11,8% of the Turkey), and whit 5.431.031 head of small ruminant (%10,9 of the Turkey). 3.032.086 tons of milk is produced in the KOP region (13,2% of the Turkey). It is produced in the KOP region that 11,9% of Turkey's total red meat production. Livestock and forage crops production has an important place in 8 provinces of the KOP region. In this study, the current situation of livestock, pasture and forage crops cultivation in KOP provinces were evaluated and its effects on regional and country development were examined. Since there are 1.608.530 tons of forage deficit in the KOP region, the production of forage should be increased. In order to increase animal production in the region by the KOP Administration, efforts towards expanding modern techniques and improving livestock infrastructure should continue and animal husbandry activities should continue to be supported with new projects.

Sustainable agriculture can be defined as the creation of an agricultural structure using agricultural technologies that do not harm the environment in addition to the protection of Natural Resources in the long term. In Turkey, as in the developed countries of the world, intensive (traditional or intensive) agricultural production is used without considering the negative consequences of processing techniques and technologies while using synthetic production inputs without supervision. Today, these applications have started to attract as much attention as waste industry or urban pollution with their effects on the determination of natural balance and the ability to create life hazard that can reach all living beings as well as human beings through the food chain. Therefore, organic farming techniques that meet quality, health and environmental standards play a key role by avoiding the use of unnatural inputs such as pharmaceuticals, synthetic fertilizers. Organic agriculture, which is important for the reflection of sustainable agriculture in practice, has started to be seen as a necessity, especially with the development of environmental awareness in recent years. In this study, it is aimed to explain the basic principles of organic agriculture, which we believe are necessary for sustainable agriculture in the 8 villages, namely Umut, Günbalı, Yenisu, Mehmetçik, Güçlü, Akpınar, Güzel, Anaz and 3 towns (Kısas, Konuklu and Çamlıdere) in Şanlıurfa. According to the results of the survey, almost 30% of farmers were found to grow organic products. At the time of purchase, they answered the question of which products do you pay attention to organic, and more than half (54.8%) of the surveyed farmers responded that they pay attention to food. 45.18% of the surveyed farmers stated that they did not pay attention to anything in shopping.

In this study, the genetic and non-genetic parameters were estimated for growth traits of Karacabey merino sheep. Growth performance data refer to 1863 lambs born between 2016 and 2018. Analyses were carried out by restricted maximum likelihood fitting animal models and disregarding or including maternal genetic or maternal permanent environmental effect. Six different animal model were fitted for all traits, and the most suitable model for each trait was chosen after Akaike information criterion test (AIC). Year of birth, age of dam, type of birth and lamb sex were significant sources of variation on birth weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), Kleiber ratio (KR), weaning weight (WW) and six month weight (6MW). Direct heritability (h^2) for BW, ADG and 6MW were 0.12, 0.02 and 0.04, respectively, however, for KR and WW were 0.00 model 6 (which the best). The estimates of maternal heritability (m^2) for ADG, KR and WW were 0.12, 0.04 and 0.04, respectively in model 5, also maternal heritability were low for BW and 6MW. Maternal permanent environmental effects (c^2) have high contribution to the explanation growth traits and were estimated between 0.19 and 0.75 for these traits. These results showed that selecting for improved maternal and/or direct effects for Karacabey merino in the herd would generate very slow genetic improvement in growth traits.

This study was carried out in the research field of Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. The research was conducted to determine the optimum planting time of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) in Kahramanmaraş ecological conditions. The experiment was established as a randomized block design with three replications. Mung bean seeds were sown at five different sowing times (30 March, 15 April, 30 April, 15 May and 30 May). According to the results of the research, it was found that the differences among the averages of all traits except for plant height, number of seeds in pods and NDF ratio were significant. In the research, the emerging time of seedlings, 50% flowering period, 50% encapsulation period, 50% maturation period and plant height ranged from 6.33 to 14.67 days, 50.00 to 67.33 days, 57 to 70 days, 73.67 to 99.00 days and 36.43-41.70 cm respectively. When the values related to pod formation were examined, it was found that the first pod height, pod length, the number of pods, the number of seeds per pod and seed yield were between 11.82-21.70 cm, 9.06-10.63 cm, 9.43-23.93 pcs/plant, 9.90-10.27 pcs/pod and 25.00-74.21 kg/da, respectively. In addition, it was determined that the number of leaves, fresh forage yield, dry forage yield, crude ash ratio, ADF ratio and NDF ratio were between 47.30-73.77 pcs/plant, 960.00-1512.38 kg/da, 232.35-316.59 kg/da, 13.03-16.91%, 22.17-29.12% and 55.06-56.05%, respectively.