Parametric approaches in statistical analysis assume that any given data are normally distributed. Therefore, the test of whether this conventional assumption is valid should be made in this context of the available data’s normality before being passed to the application of statistical tests. The paper is focused on the normality methodologies commonly used in literature, named Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Jarque-Bera, D’agostino, Anderson Darling, Shapiro-Wilk and Ryan Joiner. In the study, the seasonal maximum data from eight streamflow gauging stations in Yesilirmak Basin was used as material. The normality in the 59% of the whole data sets were obtained as the highest result by the Kolmogorov –Smirnov approach, when compared to the other normality tests considered in the study.

This research; The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the media on the consumer preferences of broiler meat consumption in different regions, different age, income, education level and occupational groups. For this purpose, a total of 1350 (Kayseri 500, Sivas 450, Yozgat 400) sample face-to-face surveys were conducted on three villages in Kayseri, Sivas and Yozgat provinces (TR 72 Region). In the study, the sample volume was determined by simple one-pass random sampling method based on the population ratios. The change in the impact of poultry-related negative media coverage on the consumption of poultry products has been examined on the TR72 region basis. In terms of the rate of followers of poultry news, the three provinces differ significantly from each other, and in general, about 75% of the individuals follow news about poultry. Percentage of people who think that the feeding of broiler chickens is not healthy is 60.4% on average, and regional differences are found significant in this value. The proportion of those who were affected by media news and reduced the amount of poultry consumption was 36.1%, with regional differences being significant. Negative news in the media about poultry sector was effective enough to cause marketing problems in this area, consumers were following these news at a high rate, while using media tools, more effective promotion and information had to be done.

Bu çalışmada, sıvı kültürde ekzopolisakkarit üretimi için yenilebilir bir mantar olan Lepista nuda kullanılmıştır. Başlangıç karbon ve azot kaynaklarının L. nuda IT suşu tarafından ekzopolisakkarit ve biyokütle üretimi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. En fazla ekzopolisakkarit üretimi 50 g/L glukoz ve 5 g/L maya ekstraktı kullanıldığında elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, küçük ölçekte optimize edilmiş koşullar altında 2,1 g/L ekzopolisakkarit ve 12,3 g/L biyokütle üretimi sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, L. nuda'nın sıvı kültürde ekzopolisakkarit üretimini gösteren ilk çalışmadır.

The aim of the study is to determine the seed quality of different dry bean genotypes, grown under full and limited irrigation conditions. The study was conducted at Nigde Omer Halisdemir University laboratories. Eight different dry bean cultivars (Yunus 90, Cihan, Goynuk 98, Batalla, Alberto, Arslan, Zirve, Noyanbey 98) were used in the study. The study was established with 3 replications according to randomized split-plot design. Quality characters like dry and wet seed weight, water uptake capacity, water uptake index, dry and wet volume, swelling capacity and swelling index, cooking time and protein content were determined. In conclusion, statistically significant differences among applications and cultivars were observed in terms of the all parameters examined. The grains obtained from the limited irrigation plots, had lower values in terms of all evaluated properties. Differences between dry and wet weight, water uptake capacity and index, dry and wet volume, cooking time and protein content between cultivars were statistically significant. In the study, correlation between cooking time and grain size was determined, and it was concluded that enlarging in grains size increases the cooking time. In addition, it was concluded that limited irrigation in the reproductive period had a negative effect on seed quality of different dry bean cultivars and it should not be lowered below 50% of the water capacity in the soil during this period.

This study was carried out in Rize province in 2016, on fresh leaf samples collected from an organic tea plantation. In this study, the aim was to determine the effect of pruning age (1st year, 3rd year and 5th year following the last pruning) and diurnal variability on antioxidant activity and dry matter rate in tea leaves depending on shoot periods. When the pruning age was considered, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained from the plants which were in 5th pruning age in the 1st shoot period with 4991,1 μmol FeSO4/g dw. In terms of the same trait, the effect of pruning age on antioxidant activity during the 2nd shoot period was insignificant, while the highest antioxidant activity in the third shoot period was obtained from 1st pruning age with 7229.2 μmol FeSO4/g dw. As a general average, considering intraday collecting time, antioxidant activity in leaves collected in morning (07.00) and at noon (12.00) was very close to each other, while the collected leaves in the evening (17.00) had higher values. The dry matter rates obtained from the 1st, 3rd and 5th pruning ages were 23.45%, 25.23% and 25.45% respectively. When the shoot period was considered, the lowest dry matter rate was 20.17% in the first shoot period and the highest dry matter rate was 28.8% in the 2nd shoot period and high values were obtained from the leaves collected at noon.

The study was carried out between May 2014 and April 2015 with the aim of determining the anionic detergent pollution and some physico-chemical properties PH, temperature, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness (TH), chemical oxygen demand (COD), PO4-3-P, total nitrogen (TN)] of the Sırakaraağaçlar creek in Sinop. According to the results of one year measurement, it was established that the minimum and maximum values of the anionic detergent concentration vary between 0.02 and 0.98 mg/l, respectively. The results were classified according to Turkey’s Water Quality Management Regulation criteria (2008 and 2016). Sırakaraağaç creek water has been determined high quality water and slightly dirty water (class I and II) acording to the pH, temperature and phosphorus concentrations. It was found to be high quality water in terms of total nitrogen and COD parameters. Additionally, creek water is equivalent to polluted water (class II and III) according to anionic detergent concentration and DO values. High anionic detergent and low oxygen content can pose a hazard to sensitive aquatic organisms. Thus, the creek is especially under pressure in terms of anionic detergent and DO. Results of this study showed that the sources of pollution threatening the creek may be primarily the environmental factors that include human and agricultural activities.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Osmaniye ilinde bulunan tahıl depolarının mevcut durumu ve yapısal özelliklerini belirlemek, karşılaşılan sorunlara çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. İlde 2015 yılı kayıtlarına göre 225 adet tahıl deposu bulunmaktadır. Anket yapılacak işletme sayısı Oransal Örnekleme Yöntemi ile 142 adet olarak hesaplanmıştır. Anketler bu işletmelerde 2016 yılında yapılmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Osmaniye ilinde tahıl depolarının %99,3’ü özel teşebbüslere, %0,7’si ise devlet kuruluşlarına aittir. Bunların %89,4’ü kâgir, %10,6’sı ise çeliktir. Sadece çelik depolar projelidir. Depolama süresi depoların %42,2’sinde 2-4 ay, %46,6’sında 5-8 ay, %11,2’sinde ise 9 ay ve daha fazladır. Depoların %50’sinde doğal, %10,6’sında mekanik havalandırma, %39,4’ünde ise havalandırma bulunmamaktadır. Duvarlarda ve çatıda yalıtım malzemesi yoktur. Çatı şekli depoların %38’inde beşik, %51,4’ünde düz tavan, %10,6’sında ise koniktir. Tahıl depolarının tamamında jeneratör bulunmamaktadır. Kâgir depoların duvarlarında çatlaklar ve nemden dolayı kabarmalar, küflenmeler gözlenmiştir. Havalandırma pencerelerinin boyutlarının yetersiz hatta bazı depolarda havalandırma pencerelerinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Nem ölçüm aleti, depoların sadece %30,3’ünde, sıcaklık ölçüm aleti ise %14,1’inde bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan Osmaniye ilinde yeterli depo bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Çelik siloların kurulumunun kolay ve depolama kapasitesinin yüksek olması, kısa zamanda inşa edilmesi, zaman ve iş gücünden tasarruf sağlaması nedeniyle Osmaniye ilinde kurulması önerilmektedir.

Androjenler hedef dokulardaki etkilerini esas olarak androjen reseptör (AR) aracılığıyla gösterirler. Bu çalışmada dişi ve erkek cüce hamster genital dokularında AR lokalizasyonu araştırıldı. Mevcut çalışmada 6 adet dişi, 6 adet erkek hayvan kullanıldı. Anestezi sonrası, çalışılacak dokular, hızlı bir şekilde vücuttan uzaklaştırılarak %10’luk tamponlu nötral formalinde tespitin ardından parafine gömüldü. Kesitler, mikrodalga ışınımlı “antijen retrieval” tekniği uygulandıktan sonra immunohistokimyasal yöntemlerle boyandı. AR pozitif immunboyanma testis, kaput epididimis, prostat bezi ve vezikula seminalis dokularında yalnızca hücre çekirdeklerinde gözlenirken, ovaryum ve ovidukt dokularında hücrelerin bir kısmında sitoplazmada bir kısmında ise çekirdekte gözlendi. Cüce hamster erkek ve dişi genital dokularındaki AR lokalizasyonu, diğer türlerle benzerdi. Genital dokularda AR varlığı, androjenlerin bu dokular için elzem olduğu görüşünü desteklemektedir.

The use of antagonist microorganisms against pathogenic organisms in organic agricultural systems was promising for biological control approach. The aim of this study was to determination of the potential biological control of some fungal isolates which characterized as endophytic and antagonistic against soil borne Fusarium culmorum (FC) and F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL) pathogens. For this, seven isolates of endophytic Acremonium spp. that isolated from healthy wheat plants and eight isolates of antagonist Trichoderma spp., isolated from soil of organic vegetable areas, were performed as biological control agents (BCA). The agar media with hypha and mycelia of the BCAs and spore suspensions (106 spores/ml) of FC and FORL were treated for inoculation of wheat seeds and tomato seedlings. The harvested plants were statistically analyzed by some parameters (severity of crown rot disease (%DS and scale), plant lengths (cm) etc.). In conclusion, the Acremonium isolates (47.5%) were lower means of disease severity than Trichoderma isolates (74.6%) for FC and FORL assessments in wheat experiment. In tomato, the averages of disease severity between Acremonium and Trichoderma were similar while their means were lower than positive control (The Scale of DS=0.67

Çalışmanın amacı, Siirt ili kentsel alanda tüketicilerin sert kabuklu kuruyemiş tüketim alışkanlıkları ve satın alma davranışlarını belirlemektir. Çalışmanın ana materyalini Siirt ili kentsel alanda yaşayan 150 tüketiciden anket yoluyla toplanan veriler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, frekans tabloları ve tüketicilerin ailelerinde yeterli miktarda kuruyemiş tüketip tüketmedikleri düşüncesi logit model yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada, ankete katılanların %62,7’si erkek, %63,3’ü 25-40 yaş grubunda, %64,0’ü evli, %62,0’si 2001-4000 TL gelir grubunda, %49,3’ü ailede yeterli miktarda kuruyemiş tüketildiği, %56,0’sı kuruyemiş tüketiminin faydaları hakkında bilgiye sahip olduğu ve %78,7’sinin kuruyemişi, kuruyemişçilerden satın aldığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca ailede yeterli miktarda kuruyemiş tüketildiğini düşünme ile kuruyemiş tüketmenin faydalarını bilme arasında pozitif, cinsiyet arasında ise negatif bir ilişkini olduğu tespit edilmiştir.