Present study was designed to decipher the haemato-biochemical and hormonal profile following bypass nutrient supplementation in Murrah buffaloes during early lactation. Forty Murrah buffaloes just after parturition divided randomly into four equal groups and fed basal diet constituting common green fodder and wheat straw, while two different types of concentrates mixture (CM) having 25 (CM1, for group fed control or bypass fat, BPF diet) and 40 percent (CM2 for group fed bypass protein, BPP and BPP with BPF, BPPF diet) of BPP using variable feed ingredients in CM. Animals of group BPF and BPPF additionally fed 15 g bypass fat (long chain fatty acid of calcium salt) for each kg of milk produced for initial 90 days of lactation. Blood sampling was carried out at 0 day (before starting supplementation) and thereafter at an interval of one month, till 120th day after parturition, to find out the effect of supplementation as well is after effects. Significant reduction (P LT 0.05) in serum urea on day 60 was observed in bypass protein fed groups (BPP and BPPF) remains indicative of efficient nitrogen utilization. Thus overall mean total protein in bypass protein fed groups (BPP and BPPF) was higher (P LT 0.05) than control group. Values of albumin also on day 90 (P LT 0.01), 120 (P LT 0.05) as well as overall mean remained higher (P LT 0.001) in group fed CM high in rumen protected protein (BPP and BPPF) than groups fed low bypass protein CM (control and BPF). Supplementation of BPPF improved (P LT 0.05) overall mean cholesterol level as compared to control. Reduction (P LT 0.05) in low density lipoprotein values was observed on day 60 in BPF group as compared to others, while overall mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) in bypass protein fed groups (BPP and BPPF) was found to be higher (P LT 0.01) as compared to others. IGF-1and BHBA showed non-significant difference in all treated groups at different intervals in addition of haematological parameters. It may be concluded that feeding of bypass protein (BPP and BPPF) improved serum overall total protein, albumin, cholesterol and HDL in post-parturient Murrah buffaloes during early lactation.

Tropical theileriosis poses major threat for buffaloes causing significant economical loss to livestock farmers. Early detection and prompt treatment helps to minimise mortality and economical loss. This study was conducted on 79 female buffaloes presented with the signs suggestive of theileriosis. Evaluation of PCR for detection and buparvaquone for efficacy was undertaken. Overall prevalence of T. annulata infection recorded was 22.78 percent by PCR. Adult buffaloes showed higher prevalence (13.92 percent) compared to young buffaloes (8.86 percent). Blood smear examination revealed 38.89 percent sensitivity in detection of Theileria piroplasms. Haematological observations showed significant decreased values of Hb, TEC, PCV and TLC. Neutropenia, monocytopenia, eosinopenia and lymphocytosis were recorded. Buparvaquone was 100 percent effective in complete elimination of T.annulata in infected buffaloes.

A study was carried out to 24 buffalos, comprising 18 buffaloes having Cervico-Vaginal Prolapse and 6 normal pregnant buffaloes (above 7 months) on clinical cases brought to the Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, College dairy farm and Villages in and around Mhow to compare haemato-biochemical profile in normal and Cervico vaginal prolapsed buffaloes. Blood samples were collected initially before treatment (Day 0) and after treatment on 7th day. Haemato-biochemical parameters (haemoglobin, total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus, Serum magnesium (Mg)) were estimated and compared between control and treatment group animals. The mean values of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus were significantly (P LT 0.01) lower in cervico vaginal affected buffaloes on day of prolapse (Day 0) which restored to nearly normal on the 7th day after treatment, though statistically significant variation was not observed.

A one way anova experiment was conducted to evaluate the meat production and physicochemical properties (pH, Color, Drip loss, Cook loss, TC, TG, Cholesterol, LDL, HDL and Iron content) of cattle and buffalo meat and blood. Five buffaloes and five cattle of similar age were considered as two groups and kept under a single plane of nutrition. No significant difference was observed between the groups in case of BCS, pH, drip loss and cooking loss of fresh or chilled meat. Buffalo meat reflected (L *) low lights (P LT 0.05) and showed significant (P LT 0.01) deep red - greenness (a *) contrast than cattle meat. Iron content of meat was found (P LT 0.05) higher in buffalo meat. In chemical composition, only ash and OM content differed significantly (P LT 0.05) between the species. IM fat and TC of buffalo meat was found significantly low (P LT 0.001) than cattle. Significant difference of TG and HDL (P GT 0.05) indicated the better quality of buffalo meat. But, LDL of meat and lipid profile of blood found non - significant. Finally we observed that, buffalo meat is better than cattle meat in context of nutritive value or physiochemical properties.