We reported the hymenopteran fauna (except Formicidae) in a floodable area in the South Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The study was conducted in a riparian forest of the Miranda river, located in the Passo do Lontra region, Corumbá. The collection occurred in the dry season of August 2016 using different capture methods. A total of 137 individuals distributed in 18 families, 43 genera, and 64 morphospecies (10 nominal) were collected. The families with the greatest richness were Diapriidae and Ichneumonidae with 11 morphospecies each (17% of the total), followed by Platygastridae and Braconidae with 10 and nine, respectively. Two species were newly recorded for Brazil: Gryonoides pulchellus Dodd, 1920 (Platygastridae) and Losada penai Fritz, 1873 (Crabronidae), plus 22 new records for Mato Grosso do Sul. This study increases about 5.2% of the wasp fauna recorded in Mato Grosso do Sul, as well as for the Pantanal.

Social wasp nests create an environment rich in resources, such as food and shelter, which consequently attract predators, parasites, and parasitoids. Parasitoids attacks can be one of the main causes of mortality among social wasps in the early stages of development. Therefore, the aim of this work is to report the occurrence of parasitoids in Mischocyttarus cassununga Von Ihering (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) nests, in an area of Cerrado, at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais (IFMG) - Campus Bambuí, Brazil. There was an emergence of four parasitoids from two nests of M. cassununga, identified as Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Diptera: Phoridae), the first record of this parasitoid in M. cassununga in a Cerrado area.

The coconut moth Atheloca subrufella Hulst (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is considered an important pest of coconut crops in Brazil, which is the fourth largest global coconut producer. Concerning the economic importance of this crop and aiming to increase the knowledge related to biological control, the present research aimed records the first occurrence of Venturia sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) parasitizing A. subrufella caterpillars in the State of Sergipe, Brazil. Coconuts infested by A. subrufella caterpillars were collected in coconut plantation and kept in the Entomology Laboratory (Universidade Federal de Sergipe – UFS) until the emergence of A. subrufella adults or the parasitoids. The parasitoids obtained were identified as Venturia sp..Primeira ocorrência de Venturia sp. Parasitando a Traça-do-CoqueiroResumo. A traça-do-coqueiro Atheloca subrufella Hulst (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) é considerada uma importante praga da cultura do coqueiro no Brasil, o qual é o quarto maior produtor mundial de coco. Devido à importância econômica desta cultura e visando aumentar o conhecimento relacionado ao controle biológico, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar a primeira ocorrência de Venturia sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) parasitando lagartas de A. Subrufella no estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Cocos infestados por lagartas de A. subrufella foram coletados em plantações de coco e mantidos no laboratório de Entomologia (Universidade Federal de Sergipe – UFS) até a emergência de adultos de A. subrufella ou dos parasitoides. Os parasitoides obtidos foram identificados como Venturia sp..

The objective was to assess the selectivity and sublethal effect of botanical extracts on adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Plant species used: Rosmarinus officinalis L., Mikania glomerata Spreng., Varronia curassavica Jacq., Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Vermonia polyanthes Spreng., Plectranthus amboinicus Spreng., Tetradenia riparia Codd., Artemisia absinthium L., Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. Plant material were reared in laboratory and leaves collected during the morning were used to prepare the extracts as following: 100 g of leaves from each plant were macerated and immersed in 300 mL of triple-extracted methyl alcohol and evaporated on rotavapor. Then, 250 mg of crude extract was diluted in 1000 mL of water. The experimental design for selectivity was done in randomized blocks with five repetitions, following a standardized protocol of the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) and accordingly classified. In sublethal effect, the design was completely randomized with twenty repetitions, where the eggs exposed to parasitism were sprayed with the treatments. In both experiments the control was twofold (water and chlorpyrifos). Regarding selectivity, the botanical extracts of M. glomerata, C. ambrosioides, V. polyanthes, P. amboinicus, A. absinthium and C. citratus were classified as slightly harmful (class 2), chlorpyrifos as moderately harmful (class 3). In the evaluation of sublethal effects, the botanical extracts of C. ambrosioides and C. citratus initially presented reduced number of parasitized eggs, reduction in total parasitized eggs and female longevity. It can be concluded that C. citratus botanical extract has small selectivity and causes sublethal effects on T. pretiosum adults.

Abstract. Here are described and ilustrated Szelenyiopria loiaconae sp. nov., Szelenyiopria jataiensis sp. nov., and the male of Szelenyiopria distinguenda (Loiácono) (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae).Novas espécies de Szelenyiopria Fabritius e descrição do macho de Szelenyiopria ditinguenda (Loiácono) (Hymenoptera: Diapridae)Resumo. Neste estudo, são descritas e ilustradas Szelenyiopria loiaconae sp. nov., Szelenyiopria jataiensis sp. nov., e o macho de Szelenyiopria distinguenda (Loiácono) (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae).

Abstract. Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) is a Coccinellidae species originating from northeast Asia and used in biological control of aphids. As an exotic species is very important to know its natural enemies. Thus, this paper provides the first record of Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend)(Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitizing H. axyridis in Southern Brazil.Parasitismo de Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) por Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend)(Diptera: Tachinidae)Resumo. Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) é uma espécie de Coccinellidae originária do Nordeste da Ãsia e utilizada como agente de controle biológico de afídeos. Como é uma espécie invasora é muito importante conhecer seus inimigos naturais. Dessa forma, este trabalho fornece o primeiro registro de Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend)(Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitando H. axyridis no sul do Brasil.

As espécies de Trichogramma constituem um importante grupo de parasitóides que atacam, principalmente, ovos de lepidópteros. A qualidade e o desempenho desse inimigo natural podem ser influenciados por alguns fatores, como hospedeiro alternativo utilizado nas criações massais, temperatura e diferenças de fotoperíodo. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o número de ovos parasitados, % de fêmeas que parasitaram, % emergência, razão sexual e número de indivíduos de Trichogramma galloi Zucchi em os ovos de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius), na presença e ausência de luminosidade. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos (claro e escuro) com 60 repetições, cada uma dessas foi constituída por 40 ovos de D. saccharalis que foram colocados em tubo de vidro com uma fêmea de T. galloi com 24 horas de idade, previamente alimentadas com mel. O experimento foi conduzido à 25º C ± 2º C e 70 ± 10% umidade relativa. Em cada um dos tratamentos, o parasitoide foi removido após 12 horas. O maior número de ovos parasitados (12,9) e % de fêmeas que parasitaram (83,3%) foi observado no período com luz. Em relação à emergência, razão sexual e número de indivíduos por ovo, não houve diferença estatística. Os resultados demonstraram que a presença de luminosidade é essencial para esse agente de controle biológico.Influence of Photoperiod on Parasitism of Trichogramma galloi Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on Eggs of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)Abstract. Trichogramma species are an important group of parasitoids that attack especially lepidopteran eggs. The quality and performance of this natural enemy may be influenced by factors such as alternative host used in the massal rearing, and differences in the temperature and photoperiod. Based on this, this study aimed to evaluate the number of parasitized eggs, % of females that parasitized, % emergence, sex ratio and number of individuals of Trichogramma galloi Zucchi per egg of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) in the presence and absence of light. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments (light and dark) and 60 replications, being each experimental unit composed by 40 eggs of D. saccharalis which were placed in a glass tube with one female of T. galloi with age of 24 hours, previously fed with honey. The experiment was carried out at 25 ± 2 °C and 70 ± 10% relative humidity. In each one of the treatments, the parasitoid was removed from the tube after 12 hours. The highest number of parasitized eggs (12.9) and % of females that parasitized (83.3%) was observed during the period with light. For the emergence, sex ratio and number of individuals per egg, there was no statistical difference. The results showed that the presence of light is essential for this biological control agent.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a biologia de Trichogramma spp. em ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) e Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), selecionar e avaliar uma linhagem do parasitóide para o controle de H. zea em milho semente. Para a biologia foram ofertados ovos do hospedeiro alternativo e natural à Trichogramma pretiosum Riley e Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner. Para verificação do potencial de parasitismo foram ofertados 40 ovos de cada hospedeiro por fêmea do parasitóide. No estudo em casa de vegetação para determinação do número ideal de parasitóides ofertou-se 60 ovos de H. zea e variou-se o número de parasitóides. No campo avaliou-se o controle de H. zea mediante liberação de 100; 200; 400 e 800 mil parasitóides por hectare, controle químico e tratamento sem liberação e sem inseticida. No estudo de biologia a duração média do período de ovo - adulto e a razão sexual dos parasitóides foram semelhantes nos dois hospedeiros. O número médio de parasitóides gerados por ovo de A. kuehniella e H. zea variou de 1,10 a 1,20 e 2,22 a 2,67, respectivamente. A capacidade de parasitismo de T. pretiosum foi de 93,70 e 82,75 ovos por fêmea de A. kuehniellae H. zea, respectivamente. Em casa de vegetação o percentual de parasitismo de T. pretiosum estabilizou quando liberados 5,33 parasitóides por ovo de H. zea. A campo, a maior eficiência de controle ocorreu quando foram liberados 100 mil parasitóides por hectare em quatro épocas, a partir do início da infestação de H. zea.Biology, Selection and Evaluation of Strains of Trichogramma spp. for Control of Corn Earworm in Corn SeedsAbstract. The objective was to study the biology of Trichogramma spp. in eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), select and evaluate a strain of the parasitoid to control of H. zea in corn seed. In the biology study was offered eggs of the natural and alternative host to Trichogramma pretiosum Riley and Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner. To verify the potential of parasitism were offered 40 eggs of both hosts per parasitoid. In greenhouse, a study was conducted to determine the optimal number of parasitoids to be released by egg of H. zea. It was established 60 eggs of H. zea and varied the number of parasitoids. In the field were evaluated of parasitism with the release of 100, 200, 400 and 800 thousand parasitoids per hectare, chemical control and treatment without released and insecticide. In the biology study, the duration of egg – adult period and sex ratio of parasitoids were similar in the two hosts. The number of parasitoids generated per egg of A. kuehniella and H. zea varied from 1.10 to 1.20 and from 2.22 to 2.67, respectively. The capacity of parasitism of T. pretiosum female was 93.70 and 82.75 eggs of A. kuehniella and H. zea, respectively. In greenhouse, the percentage of parasitism of T. pretiosum had established when released 5.33 parasitoids per egg of H. zea. In field, the greater efficiency of control occurred where released 100 thousand parasitoids per hectare in four seasons from the observation of early infestation of H. zea.