Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.) (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine in Northeast Brazil as a treatment for respiratory diseases, antispasmodic, sweat and useful in the treatment of gout. The aim of this study was to evaluate hereto the influence of different lengths of cuttings in rooting ofbamburral. The test was conducted for 30 days in the greenhouse of the Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Semi-Arid (UFERSA). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four cutting lengths (5; 10; 15 and 20 cm) and four replications and 10 cuttings per plot. After 30 days of planting, characteristics were evaluated: percentage of survival, rooting percentage, longest root length, diameter and initial end of cutting, the dry mass of shoot and root. Conclude that the length of piles does not affect the rooting of bamburral.

With the aim of evaluating the growth and the development of the watermelon 'Mickylee' cultivated under fertirrigation conducted an experiment in the Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró- RN, in the period of September the November of 2006. The experimental delineation was of randomized blocks, with the five times of collection of plants, carried through 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 days after transplant (DAT), with three repetitions. The transplant was carried through to the 14 days after the sowing in spacing 2,0 x 0,50 m. The fertilizations of covering had been carried through daily in fertirrigation, from the nine days after the transplant, following the recommendations of the ground analysis, and obeying stadiums of development of the culture. In each sampling, the characteristics related to the growth of the plant had been evaluated. The biggest accumulation of dry mass of the aerial part occurred from the 25 DAT with the beginning of the fruition, with the fruits participating with 63% of the accumulated total dry mass; the maximum values of total dry mass of the aerial part, of levels and fruits, foliar area, tax of absolute growth, tax of relative growth, liquid assimilate tax and reason of foliar area had been 183,15 g plant-1, 51,86 g plant-1, 117,03 g plant-1, 1,13m2 plant-1, 6,96 g plant-1day-1, 0,16 g g-1 day-1, 13,23 g m-2 day-1 and 0,080 m2 g-1, respectively.

This work aimed to evaluate the alimentary behavior of grazing lamps. Twenty-seven Santa Ines males, weighting 21.5 kg and 120 days old, were distributed in three different groups: no shade (NS), under shade (S) and under artificial shade (AS), receiving increasing levels of concentrate (0.0; 1.0 and 1.5% of corporal weight). It was observed no interaction between the studied factors. The variance analysis showed significant effect of supplementation in time for grazing by the animals which received 1.5% of corporal weight for supplementation. The resting time at AS was different (P<0.05) of the others p groups NS and S, which were similar between each other. Animals from NS looked for shade 2.3 times, differing (P<0.05) from AS group that looked for shade only 1.29 times. In conclusion, supplementation and use of shade systems affect the alimentary behavior and the performance of Santa Ines sheep grazing in the semiarid. The animals looked for more natural shade than for artificial shade, although, the total time that animals stayed under natural or artificial shade was the same, indicating the possible use of artificial shade systems to improve animals¿ thermal comfort in pastures with no shades.

In the Brazilian northeastern, goat and sheep are a complementary income for family farmers, mainly through the production of leather skin and/or meat. The aim of this work was to characterize sheep and goat's production systems practiced by local farmers in Jussara and Valente - Bahia (Brazil) through the analyses of nutrition, sanitary and reproductive practices. Data on 46 producers were collected through a structuralized script and later analyzed through descriptive statistical techniques. There was greater frequencies and medium from sheep than goat. The sheep breed Saint Ines and goat breed Anglo-Nubiano predominate in the crossbreeding with local breeds. The nutritional management was based on caatinga vegetation with supplements.The sanitary management was deficient, mainly in relation to worms. The reproductive management, although the general situation of traditional systems, showed better indices. Thus, the systems studied are family- based, diversified among stages of production. Although presentations for own consumption or subsistence systems, particularly the sheep production have a tendency of expansion and specialization.

The current paper was proposed to analyze and determine the behavior and the direct and indirect relation between the sign of live cattle value and the main components of supplementation. The database was obtained by consulting secondary sources, which underwent path analysis to study the unfolding of the correlation coefficient (dependent variable x independent) in direct and indirect effects. The analysis period was from January 1999 to December in 2008. The corn presented a total correlation of 0.5080 indicating a substantial contribution for the increasing of beef value. The value of wheat bag had a direct effect of 0.4897 and an indirect effect through the soybean (0.5601), like this, the main components of concentrate supplementation (soybean, corn and wheat) showed high correlation with the sign of live cattle value in the state of Sao Paulo.

Atrazine is a herbicide applied to a number of important crops, but litle has been done to study the susceptibility of species like Digitaria horizontalis to such herbicide. This work was carried out to evaluate the effect of the stage of development of Digitaria horizontalis at spraying on the suppression imposed by atrazine. The experiment was conducted in 10 dm-3 pots, under greenhouse conditions, and the experimental units were disposed in a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme 5x3, with four replicates. Treatments were composed by Five rates of atrazine (0; 0.5; 1.5; 2.5 and 4.0 kg ha-1), applied in three stages of D. horizontalis development (two leaves, four leaves and one-two tillers). Applications accomplished in later stages of development were inefficient in controlling this species, despite causing significant reductions of weed shoot and root dry mass and plant height. For applications at two leaves stage, a maximum of 60% control was achieved by using 4.0 kg ha-1 of atrazine, indicating the lack of efficiency of this herbicide in controlling this species.

The objective of this study was to characterize the level of mineral nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S,Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mo and B of twelve genotypes of grapevine: 'Italy', 'Ruby' , 'Patricia', 'Isabel', 'Redglobe', 'Roberta', 'Kyoho', 'Romana', 'Rosalinda', 'Moscatel de Hamburgo,' 'Niagara Rosada' and 'UFV 01' in the North Fluminense. Was held on pruning, followed by fertilization and conventional analysis of leaf blade in three moments of the reproductive cycle of the vine: in full bloom, berries and peas at the stage between half and beginning of berry ripening of berries (veraison). Following results were obtained for all moments sampled: normal levels of N, K, P, Mg, Fe, B and Zn and subnormal levels of Ca. The study demonstrated that the leaf blade sampled reflects the nutritional stage of grapevine enotypes.

The cladodes size is an important feature when selecting cuttings for red pitaya (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose) seedling production. The paper was carried out with the aim of evaluating different sizes of cladodes in the production of dragon fruit seedlings. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments, which were the cladodes sizes: 5; 10; 15; 20 and 25 cm, with four replicates and four cladodes per plot. After 80 days of the experiment, there were evaluated: number of shoots per plant, percentage of rooting, length of greater root and dry weight of roots. The size of cladodes directly influences the production of seedlings. The lengths of cladodes from 15 to 25 cm are the most suitable for the dragon fruit seedlings.

The objective of this work was to evaluate an aspirated psychrometer constructed under different thermocouple gauges. Were used three thermocouple copper-constantan gauge: 24 AWG (0.511 mm of diameter), 32 AWG (0.202 mm of diameter) and 40 AWG (0.080 mm of diameter). The thermocouples were placed into a single psychrometer and each one positioned side by side at a distance of approximately 30 mm each other. Hourly air temperature and humidity values obtained from each gauge were compared with the values obtained with a thermistor and capacitive hygrometer. The results showed that the thermocouple gauges used (24, 32 and 40 AWG) had high correlation and accuracy with values determined by the hygrometer (r2 > 0.97, RMSE P 3.91%).

The genus Lippia (Verbenaceae) comprises about 200 species of pantropical distribution. Lippia gracilis Schauer, popularly known as the mountain balm, is an aromatic plant, native of northeastern Brazil, used in folk medicine as an antiseptic and to treat dermatitis. Although cytogenetic serve as a tool in taxonomy rate, cytogenetical studies of genus Lippia are restricted. Given the above, the present study aimed to determine, at the first time, the chromosome number of copies of L. gracilis, and thereby contribute to a better taxonomic understanding of this genus. In this sense root tips collected from newly planted specimens were pretreated with a solution of 2mM 8-hydroxyquinoline for 4 hours, fixed in Carnoy 3:1 (ethanol: acetic acid) for 24 hours and stored in the same fixative for later analysis. The roots were hydrolyzed in 5N HCl for 20 minutes and the slides, prepared by squashing in acetic acid (45%) and stained with 2% Giemsa. The best metaphases were photographed and pointed to the chromosome number 2n = 24. Moreover, were observed metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. Because there are several chromosome numbers in the genus, from n=10 to n=30, and as the same is little known cytogenetically, f more comprehensive cytogenetic studies are necessary, involving a larger number of species, so these data may help to clarify taxonomic inconsistencies in the family Verbenaceae.