It was carried out, in the nursery area located at Campus of Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) Minas Gerais, an experiment aiming to evaluate different doses of simple super phosphate and two substrates in plant production of loquat tree. It was tested four doses of simple super phosphate (0; 2.5; 5; 10 kg m-3 of substrate) and two substrates: A (organic compost + sand + soil in 1:1:3 volume proportion) and B ( Plantmax + sand + soil 1:1:3 volume proportion) A randomized block design was used with a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications and four plants per plot. The following characteristics were evaluated: high of plants (cm); length of root (cm); number of leaves/plant, dry matter of above ground part, roots and total (g/plant). The results showed that for seedlings of loquat tree, it is recommended to mix to substrate the super phosphate fertilizer in doses until 6 kg m-3. Between the substrates, the one the showed more viable was the substrate A (organic compost + sand + soil in 1:1:3 volume proportions).

With the objective of analyzing the impact of the nutritional and sanitary manages bioeconomically in properties of the South of the State of Tocantins, through productivity indices, it accomplished a survey, through questionnaire, in 12 properties, of the which, it was selected intentionally six, that it were divided in two groups: group "A", containing three properties that accomplish appropriate nutritional and sanitarium manages; and group "B", also with three properties whose nutritional and sanitarium manages are deficient. After completion of the questionnaire, for gauging of the productivity indices of each group, it can be glimpsed the magnitude of the impact of the nutritional and sanitary manages on the systems of creation of animals sheep, demonstrating that the properties of the group "A", in spite of the expenses with feeding and medicines, it possess more competitive and lucrative profile in relation to the group "B". Of ownership of the data of the indexes productivity, it took place an evolution of a flock, containing 100 ewes and three reproductive, where the group "A" presented a larger number of animals to be sloughtered, proving the profitability of the systems that use an appropriate nutritional and sanitarium manages rationally.

The present work had as objective accomplishes study of environmental zonamento of the Areas of Permanent Preservation (APP's) of Martins' city, located in Oeste Potiguar's mesoregion and microrregion of Umarizal, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, located in the mountainous area of the state and with a tourist potential fort, for your pleasant climate, trails and observatory for a beautiful view of the mountain, where she looked for to identify the principal problems related with the use and the improper appropriation of the natural resources, through the characterization in cartographic documents, guided by the effective environmental legislation, that serve as base for the electric outlet of decisions with relationship to the occupation of the surface of the municipal district. The maps, in the scale of 1:100.000, with the delimitacion of APPs were generated with I aid of SIG, satellite images in colored composition and vectorial files in consequence qualitative and quantitative visual illustrative enrichment, originating a database that will subsidize possible interventions in the area. The conclusions were significant and they got attention for the following situations: APP's occupy 32,62% of the area of the municipal district, limiting the use and occupation of the soil, already APP of Top of Hill that embraces an area 25,52% of the municipal surface.

The lack of adequate management practices favors the reduction of the soil organic matter and fertility. The broad bean (Phaseolus lunatus) is a leguminous plant appropriate to human and animal feeding that is also cultivated to biomass production and soil incorporation as green manure. The objective of this work was to evaluate the rate of decomposition of broad bean leaves. Broad bean leaves (10 g) in nylon bags were set on the surface or 15 cm deep in the soil and leaf decomposition were evaluated every 15 days from October to December 2002, with the 2 x 5 factorial treatments, replicated three times and randomly assigned to the plots according to a completely random design. Buried leaves showed higher decomposition rate (96.7%) at day 75, while decomposition rate was higher (65.2%) at day 60 when the leaves were on the surface of the soil. Thus, as a result it is concluded that broad bean plants can be recommended for green manuring, being decomposed faster when incorporate to the soil.

The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic potential of two maize populations, in order to verify their genetic potential under two production systems (with and without nitrogen stress). So, 49 half-sib families (FMI) of the population UFVM 100 and 49 FMI of the population UFVM 200 were randomly taken. The 7 x 7 lattice design was used, with two replicates. The high nitrogen level was established with planting fertilization more two side-dressing fertilizations, so totaling 120 kg/ha N (40 kg/ha N in planting fertilization; 40 kg/ha N at the 15 days after emergency - DAE; 40 kg/ha N at 30 DAE). The low nitrogen level was only 20 kg/ha N in planting fertilization. The experimental plot consisted of one row with 5m length and 0.90m spacing between rows and 0.20m among plants inside the rows. All experiments were subjected to water deficit (irrigation interruption) at flowering stage, during 7-day period, until soil water potential was between -0.09 to -0.1 MPa. The grain yield was evaluated in each plot. The variance analysis relative to those 49 FMI of each population in each production system was accomplished according to recommendation by Cochran and Cox (1957), whereas the estimates of the genetic parameters were performed according to method 1 presented by Silva et al. (1999), when considering the lattice experiments. After the individual analyses, those 15% more productive FMI were selected in each production system to estimate the expected selection gain when recombining them. It was found that only the population UFVM 100 shows genetic variability to be explored by selection based on half-sib families, for grain production under low N availability conditions; the estimates of the genetic parameters associated to grain yield were similar as for high and low nitrogen; the consistence of the agreement level between the families´ performances under low and high availability of nitrogen was low, therefore pointing out the need for conducting a specific improvement program when the objective is to obtain material adapted to nitrogen stress conditions.

The work was conducted in two environments of caatinga, occurring in the Moacir Lucena accomplished, Apodi - RN. 12 plots have been demarcated 10 x 20 m, randomly distributed in each environment, characterized as follows: Area I - managed area and Area II - area of legal reserve of Accomplished. In each plot were sampled all individuals with CAB ¿ 10 cm. In Area I were sampled 130 individuals, five families and eight species, while in Area II, 244 individuals, four families and seven species. The Mimosoideae and Boraginaceae families are highlighted by number of individuals. Caesalpinea bracteosa presented greater number of individuals in the environment I and Auxemma glazioviana the environment II. The environment I made highest diversity of the Shannon- Weaver (H'), 1,10. In the environment I Caesalpinea bracteosa and Auxemma glazioviana were the species that showed higher frequencies, densities and dominances relatives, index of importance and value of coverage. Auxemma glazioviana presented highest density, dominance, frequency, IVC and IVI in the environment II. In the environment I most individuals presented stem diameter of between 11 and 21 cm, while the environment II, less than 11 cm.

The best period for sugarcane growth for Itambé, Pernambuco, Brazil, was evaluated, based on observed daily precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data, for years classified as "dry", "normal" or "rainy". Potential evapotranspiration monthly values were estimated through Hargreaves methods, and transformed into 10-days period averages. Ten-days period distribution of precipitation, full evapotranspiration and half of potential evapotranspiration are used to characterize sugarcane growth phase, by determination of pre-humid, humid and post-humid periods. Results show that the best period for the growth phase of this culture in Itambé region for dry years is from January 26th to September 28th, with 245 days duration and total precipitation of 822 mm. In normal years, it begins on March 9th and ends on October 5th, with 210 days duration, and precipitation of 1064 mm. For rainy years the best period for sugarcane growth phase begins on February 20th and ends on October 13th, with 235 days duration, and average precipitation of 1426 mm.

The objective of that research is to observe the reproductive capacity of earthworms of the species Eisenia foétida in different substrate, as well as your importance in the agriculture. The work was accomplished in the Center of Agrarian Sciences of the Federal University of the Paraíba-Areia/PB. In that research the following treatments were used: T1 - Compost of homelike Garbage (50kg); T2 - Compost of homelike garbage and culture remains (25 + 25 Kg); T3 - Compost of homelike garbage, culture rest and manure (35+10+5 Kg); T4-compost of homelike garbage with manure biodigested (35+10+5Kg); T5-compost of garbage, rest of cultures and manure biodigested (35+10+5Kg); T6 - Humus coming from bovine manure (50kg); T7-soil (witness). During the first forty six days of composting the temperature was verified twice a day (9 A.M and 15:00 P.M). In this same period, it was controlled the humidity and the aeration twice a week, being turned over the whole material. All the treatments show that the earthworms are capable of reproduce in the most several substrate, although the T5-composed of garbage, rest of cultures and manure biodigested (35+10+5Kg) it has overcome the others.

The use of fungicides is a key measure of control used to halt the vine decline in melon by Monosporascus cannonballus. This study aimed to ascertain the effectiveness of the active principles fluazinam and methyl thiophanate in control of M. cannonballus in melon. Melon plants (yellow type) were grown in pot with soil naturally infested with the pathogen. The soil was originated from areas with a history of vine decline in melons. It was used a design in DIC with 10 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of increasing doses of these active principles alone or in combination. Were utilized two controls: autoclaved soil and naturally infested soil. The parameters analyzed were fresh weight of roots, damage to hypocotyl in primary and secondary roots. The analysis of variance indicated that all treatments that showed the presence of active principle fluazinam differ significantly from other treatments. In addition, the analysis did not indicate differences among the doses used in the experiment. Thus, it appears that this active principle can be recommended at its lowest dose to control the disease once it is properly registered to this crop. It was found phytotoxic effects of the active principle methyl thiophanate in melon plants during this experiment.

The slag represent an alternative recommended to replace the traditional source of corrective or fertilizers. This study evaluated different base saturation levels, comparing basic slag to dolomitic limestone as soil acidity corrective agents and in the availability of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Thus, one experiment involving soil incubation was conducted in laboratory, during 60 days. The treatments consisted of two corrective agents: dolomitic limestone and basic slag, evaluated by the base saturation method, with eight correction levels (V%) (56, 58, 60, 62, 65, 67, 69 e 71 %) and two replicates. After the incubation period the soil samples was analyzed chemically. The application of the corrective agents promoted efficient neutralization of acidity in soil, especially when basic slag was used. The Ca + Mg level increased depending on the increasing amounts of correctives, reducing the K (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-0,5 ratio. The neutralization of acidity in soil reaction was fast when the slag was used. The soil available P did not increase with increasing levels of soil acidity correctives.